aSocial and Epidemiological Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
bDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
cDepartment of Health Administration, Jungwon University, Goesan, Korea
Copyright © 2015 Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Published by Elsevier Korea LLC.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Problem-focused coping|| |
Emotion-focused coping|| |
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Taking formal action (Model 1) |
Confrontation (Model 2) |
Seeking social support (Model 3) |
Passive acceptance (Model 4) |
Emotional discharge (Model 5) |
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B | SEb | β | p | B | SEb | β | p | B | SEb | β | p | B | SEb | β | p | B | SEb | β | p | |
Step 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ageism | −0.02 | 0.09 | −0.01 | 0.01 | 0.09 | −0.01 | −0.01 | 0.09 | −0.01 | −0.03 | 0.09 | −0.01 | −0.05 | 0.10 | −0.02 | |||||
ERa | 0.34 | 0.06 | 0.25 | § | 0.36 | 0.06 | 0.26 | § | 0.36 | 0.06 | 0.26 | § | 0.34 | 0.05 | 0.24 | § | 0.34 | 0.05 | 0.24 | § |
Coping | −0.40 | 0.45 | −0.03 | −0.34 | 0.20 | −0.06 | −0.44 | 0.22 | −0.07 | † | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.03 | ||||
F | 18.46 | 18.60 | 18.81 | 18.38 | 18.43 | |||||||||||||||
aR2 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.19 | 0.19 | |||||||||||||||
ΔR2 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||||||||||||||
ΔF | 1.04 | 0.23 | 3.83† | 0.05 | 0.46 | |||||||||||||||
Step 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ageism†Coping | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.057 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.05 | −0.01 | 0.02 | −0.03 | −0.01 | 0.02 | −0.02 | |||||
ER†Coping | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.05 | −0.04 | 0.02 | −0.10 | ∗ | −0.05 | 0.03 | −0.09 | ∗ | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.09 | † | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.15 | † | |
F | 9.01 | 9.21 | 9.48 | 9.07 | 9.23 | |||||||||||||||
aR2 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.21 | 0.22 | |||||||||||||||
ΔR2 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.03 | |||||||||||||||
ΔF | 0.62 | 3.08 | 2.95∗ | 2.36 | 3.63 | † |
*p < 0.1; †p < 0.05; ‡p < 0.01; §p < 0.001; ||All interaction terms were estimated in separate models according to coping methods. The coefficients of the interaction terms ageism*coping and ER*coping were estimated by extending the corresponding models (3A–3E) after controlling for age, study site, sex, marital status, education, economic status, ageism, emotional reactions, and coping. B = unstandardized coefficients; SEb = standard error; β = standardized coefficients; aR2 = adjusted R-square; ΔR2 = changes in R-square; ΔF = changes in F statistics.