Objectives This study examined the predictive role of child health problems and social determinants in postpartum depression (PPD), with the aim of supporting early screening strategies and more comprehensive maternal health policies.
Methods This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey, conducted by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. The analysis included 26,656 postpartum women aged at least 15 years who had given birth within the previous 24 months. PPD was assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the data.
Results Child health problems were among the strongest factors associated with PPD in Indonesia. Having had an unplanned pregnancy was associated with higher odds of PPD (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.90–5.25; p<0.001), as was having a child with chronic illness (aOR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.01–5.26; p=0.048). Social risk factors, including younger maternal age, divorce or separation from a partner, unemployment, and lack of social support, were also associated with PPD in Indonesia.
Conclusion Child health problems and adverse social conditions were significantly associated with postpartum mental health in Indonesia. Integrating early screening into maternal and child health services and strengthening maternal support systems may help reduce the burden of PPD.
Objectives This systematic review aimed to identify perinatal risk factors associated with obesity in children aged ≤5 years.
Methods This studyfollowed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Medline (via PubMed), Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched from inception, without language or date restrictions. In addition, gray literature sources, including LILACS and CNKI, were screened for comprehensive evidence synthesis. Meta-analyses were conducted to estimate pooled risk ratios. Study quality was independently assessed by 2 reviewers using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool.
Results A total of 24,643 articles were screened, and 39 cohort studies were included in the final analysis. Sample sizes ranged from 169 to 333,353 participants. Meta-analysis results indicated that high gestational weight gain (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17–1.82), history of cesarean section (aRR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.17–1.33), macrosomia (aRR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.55–2.27), antibiotic use (aRR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.14–1.51), pre-pregnancy obesity (aRR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.21–2.73), and female sex (aRR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.32–1.61) were associated with an increased risk of obesity in children aged ≤5 years. Exclusive breastfeeding (aRR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.64–0.85) was identified as a protective factor..
Conclusion Perinatal factors and pre-pregnancy obesity played important roles in increasing the risk of obesity in children aged ≤5 years. Breastfeeding was associated with a protective effect against childhood obesity. Therefore, obesity prevention efforts should begin during pregnancy, and maintaining appropriate maternal weight before conception is equally essential.
Objectives This study measured the impact of prenatal intimate partner violence (p-IPV) on maternal mental health and suspected developmental delays (SDDs) in children at 6 months of age in central Vietnam.
Methods Data were drawn from a community-based birth cohort of 285 mother–child dyads in Hue citycity, central Vietnam. The exposure factor was p-IPV, assessed using the revised conflict tactics scale (CTS2). Maternal mental health was measured with the patient health questionnaire-9. Child development at 6 months was screened using the Vietnamese version of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, 3rd Edition (ASQ-3). Robust Poisson regression was used to estimate associations of p-IPV with maternal mental health and SDDs.
Results Among the women, 18.9% reported experiencing p-IPV. SDDs were identified in 13% of the children, with communication delays being the most prevalent (10.9%). The association between p-IPV and SDDs remained significant after adjustment for confounders in multilevel models, with the highest relative risk (RR) observed in the fully adjusted model (RR, 2.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–5.48). p-IPV exposure was significantly associated with postpartum depression in the crude and partially adjusted models, but this association became non-significant after full adjustment—most notably after accounting for prenatal depression, which remained a predictor of postpartum depression (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.06–1.25).
Conclusion p-IPV is significantly associated with increased risk of postpartum depression and developmental delays in early infancy. Integrating IPV screening and targeted interventions into prenatal care may contribute to improved developmental outcomes in children and better maternal health.
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Adverse childhood experiences, intimate partner violence, and postpartum depressive symptoms in a pregnancy cohort in Central Vietnam Dinh Trung Tran, Binh Thang Tran, Van Thang Vo, Vu Quoc Huy Nguyen, Dinh Duong Le, Thi Tao Tran, Kathy Trang, Kathleen M. Baggett, Kathryn M. Yount SSM - Mental Health.2026; 9: 100632. CrossRef
Objectives This study investigated the correlation between food insecurity and infectious diseases among toddlers in Indonesia.
Methods This research employed a cross-sectional study design using data from the 2021 Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey, which included a sample of 84,115 toddlers. Food insecurity levels were assessed using the food insecurity experience scale, developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization. The dependent variable, infectious disease, was defined as a toddler experiencing 1 or more of the following conditions: acute respiratory infections, diarrhea, pneumonia, measles, or worms. Multivariate analysis was conducted using multiple logistic regression to determine adjusted odds ratios (ORs).
Results The findings indicate that 23.78% of toddlers experienced at least 1 infectious disease. While more than half of the respondents were food secure, 26.5% faced mild food insecurity, 13.6% moderate food insecurity, and 6.5% severe food insecurity. Toddlers from households experiencing mild, moderate, and severe food insecurity had higher risks of infectious diseases compared to those from food-secure households, with adjusted ORs of 1.367 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.308–1.428), 1.490 (95% CI, 1.399–1.588), and 1.500 (95% CI, 1.374–1.638), respectively.
Conclusion In conclusion, more severe food insecurity is correlated with an increased risk of toddlers suffering infectious diseases.
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From pantry to physiology: A narrative review linking food insecurity to biological dysfunction Liahm Blank, Joshua Khorsandi, Nicole Kang, Kaloyan Momchilov, Itai Blank, Kavita Batra Dialogues in Health.2026; 8: 100308. CrossRef
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Objectives The objective of this review was to analyze quantitative data on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to increase the accuracy of estimates of the prevalence of ASD.
Methods This review, which was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, included studies conducted from January 2008 to June 2024 on children aged 3 to 18 years that used standardized measurement tools and reported cut-off scores for ASD. The prevalence of ASD was the primary outcome analyzed in this review. The PubMed, Clinical Key, Scopus, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases were reviewed for relevant studies. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO and followed the Cochrane collaboration guidelines.
Results A total of 66 studies reported on the prevalence of ASD, screening 21,313,061 children worldwide. Among these, 25 studies were conducted in Europe, 22 in Asia, and 13 in America. Additionally, 3 studies each were reported from Africa and Australia. According to a meta-analysis, 0.77% of children globally are diagnosed with ASD, with boys comprising 1.14% of this group. Notably, Australia showed the highest prevalence rate, with an effect size of 2.18, highlighting it as a critical area for public health focus.
Conclusion ASD represents a significant global health burden. Early detection, increased awareness among parents, and prompt intervention are crucial for mitigating developmental problems in children later in life. It is essential for health policymakers to acknowledge the prevalence and growing trends of ASD in order to implement effective interventions.
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Objectives Malaria remains a serious public health challenge in tropical and subtropical regions, including Indonesia. Children under 5 years old face particular risk of contracting malaria due to low immunity. We examined potential factors associated with malaria infection among under-5 children in Papua Province, Indonesia.
Methods The study utilized secondary data from Indonesia Basic Health Research 2018. Multistage random sampling was employed, from the province level to census blocks (CBs). In Papua Province, interviews were conducted in 928 CBs. All 2,745 under-5 children were selected. The dependent variable was laboratory-confirmed malaria positivity; independent factors included residential area, socioeconomic characteristics, and behaviors such as sleeping under an insecticide net impregnated ≤3 years ago and the use of ventilation barriers. We also examined the conditions of the bedroom, kitchen, and living room according to the frequency of window-opening, proportion of ventilation area to the floor, and radiance.
Results Not sleeping under an insecticide net impregnated within the last 3 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.518; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.391–0.685; p<0.001); having a kitchen without windows (aOR, 0.491; 95% CI, 0.285–0.844; p=0.01); rarely opening the living room window (aOR, 2.804; 95% CI, 1.232–6.383; p=0.01), and having a windowless living room (aOR, 3.027; 95% CI, 1.369–6.696; p=0.01) displayed significant relationships with malaria infection among under-5 children.
Conclusion Not using an insecticide-treated net impregnated ≤3 years ago, along with opening the living room window daily and having a kitchen without windows, appear preventive of malaria infection among under-5 children.
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Parasitic infections are the most common diseases worldwide, and enterobiasis is a common parasitic infection in children. Various studies have reported on the prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis in different regions of the world. However, no study has gathered and analyzed this data systematically. Our systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the overall prevalence of E. vermicularis among children globally. Data were extracted from 4 available databases for studies published from January 2002 to April 2022. The quality of the included studies was scored based on the standard Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology. A random-effect model was chosen to calculate the pooled prevalence and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) according to the degree of heterogeneity in the included studies. Thus, 40 publications (42 data sets) that included 3,279 children with enterobiasis met all criteria and were included in the analysis. The meta-analysis showed that heterogeneity among the included studies was high (Q=4,399.35, I2=99.96%; df=41; p<0.001). The pooled global prevalence of enterobiasis among the studied children was 12.9% (95% CI, 8.2%–17.7%). Our systematic review and meta-analysis estimated that, for the past 20 years, 12.9% of children around the world have been infected with E. vermicularis.
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Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 mothers of children aged 0 to 24 months attending any of the 3 leading immunization clinics in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The respondents were selected using the multi-stage sampling technique. Data were collected using a pretested structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using IBM SPSS ver. 26.0. The chi-square test was used to test associations, while binary logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of mothers’ responses to adverse events following immunization (AEFIs). A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results The mean age of the respondents was 29.99±5.74 years. About 38% of the children had experienced an AEFI. Most mothers believed that the pentavalent vaccine was the most common cause of AEFIs (67.5%). Fever (88.0%) and pain and swelling (76.0%) were the most common AEFIs. More than half of the mothers (53.7%) administered home treatment following an AEFI. Younger mothers (odds ratio [OR], 2.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–5.01), mothers who delivered their children at a healthcare facility (OR, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.08–9.69), and mothers who were knowledgeable about reporting AEFIs (OR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.04–7.70) were most likely to respond appropriately to AEFIs.
Conclusion The proportion of mothers who responded poorly to AEFIs experienced by their children was significant. Therefore, strategies should be implemented to improve mothers’ knowledge about AEFIs to improve their responses.
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Methods Data reports from 590 STI surveillance systems in community clinics, hospital-level medical institutions with urology or obstetrics/gynecology departments and public hospitals between 2010 and 2019 in the integrative disease management system of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency as of December 2020 were analyzed.
Results A total of 172,645 cases of STIs were reported over the 10-year period (2010–2019), of which 2,179 cases (1.26%) represented STIs in children below the age of 18 years. A higher incidence of infections was observed in girls (1,499 cases, 68.79%) than in boys (680 cases, 31.21%). The STIs that had the highest incidence were, in descending order, chlamydia (997 cases, 45.75%), gonorrhea (592 cases, 27.17%), genital warts (338 cases, 15.51%), genital herpes (250 cases, 11.47%), and chancroid (2 cases, 0.09%). In adolescents aged 14 to 17 years, chlamydia, genital herpes, and gonorrhea were most frequently reported. Genital warts, in particular, have been consistently reported in children below the age of 14 years.
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, and
Mycoplasma genitalium
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Objectives
This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the eating behaviour of Malaysian children aged 2 to 11 years old during the Movement Control Order (MCO) due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
Methods
A total of 204 Malaysian parents of children aged 2 to 11 years old were recruited for this study using a combination of purposive and snowball sampling approaches. Parents were required to fill an online questionnaire hosted on Google Forms, which consisted of socio-demographic characteristics (including child’s gender, age, and ethnicity, as well as parental income during the MCO) and a 35-item list from the Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ). Data analysis was conducted by further stratifying the children's eating behaviour according to socio-demographic characteristics.
Results
No significant differences were observed in the eating behaviour of the children across age and parental income groups during the MCO. Malaysian Indian children had significantly lower mean scores for the food responsiveness (2.50±0.64) and emotional over-eating (2.13±0.72) subscales than Malaysian Chinese children. Girls had a significantly higher mean score for the slowness in eating subscale during the MCO than boys.
Conclusion
Children’s eating behaviour were comparable across socio-demographic characteristics. Nonetheless, the findings of the current study provide an overview of Malaysian children's eating behaviour during the MCO.
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<title>Objectives</title>
<p>This study aimed to determine the factors associated with reducing exposure to secondhand smoke among children in households of rural Bangladesh.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>A cross-sectional study of 410 smokers and non-smokers, in 6 villages of Munshigonj district was conducted. Data were collected randomly using a self-administrative questionnaire. Differences between variables were assessed using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test (as appropriate). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to investigate associations. All results were presented as unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval. The level of statistical significance was reached when <italic>p</italic> < 0.05.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>A smoker in the household was determined to be a risk factor associated with exposure of other household members to secondhand smoke (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001). Higher education, strict implementation of household smoke-free rules, a higher influence of social norms and culture, as well as moderate knowledge on exposure to secondhand smoke were considered as preventive factors associated with exposure of others in the home to secondhand smoke.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Exposure to secondhand smoke is an extensive and preventable risk factor for children, and reducing exposure to secondhand smoke will have a largely positive effect in the community. An effective public health intervention model may reduce secondhand smoking.</p></sec>
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The present study addressed the risk factors in early life for Korean preschool children that are associated with being overweight or obese.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to conduct this study, which included 507 mothers with preschool children aged 3–5 years, who attended daycare centers. Data were acquired via a self-administered questionnaire completed by the mothers. Of the 650 questionnaires that were distributed, 507 (78%) were completed and sent back. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors in early life, which may contribute to being overweight or obese in preschool children.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>Fifty-eight (11.4%) preschool children were overweight and 41 (8.1%) were obese. Multivariate logistic regression analysis with adjustment for covariates, revealed a significant association with the introduction of solid foods before 4 months of age [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 9.49, <italic>p</italic> = 0.029] and a nonresponsive feeding style (aOR = 2.80, <italic>p</italic> = 0.043) with being overweight or obese in preschool children.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>The findings of this study highlighted the need for parenting education programs on feeding practices to increase their understanding of hunger and satiety cues in infants, and appropriate timing for the introduction of solid foods.</p></sec>
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Trajectory of Obesity and the Impact of Eating Behaviors on Obesity in Preschool Children: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Korea Kyeong Hun Lee, Baek Seung Kim, Gitae Seo, Hyeon-Jong Yang, Kyunghoon Kim, Eun-Ae Yang Children.2024; 11(11): 1297. CrossRef
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of a stress coping scale for predicting perceived psychological traumatic childbirth in mothers.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>This cross-sectional study was performed on 400 new mothers (within 48 hours of childbirth). Psychological traumatic childbirth was evaluated using the 4 diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Coping was measured using Moss and Billings’ Stress Coping Strategies Scale.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>The overall mean score of stress coping was 29 ± 14.2. There were 193 (43.8%) mothers that had experienced a psychological traumatic childbirth. A stress coping score ≤ 30, with a sensitivity of 90.16 (95% CI = 85.1–94.0), and a specificity of 87.44 (95% CI = 82.1–91.6), was determined as a predictor of psychological traumatic childbirth. So that among mothers with stress coping scores ≤ 30, 87% had experienced a psychological traumatic childbirth.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Investigating the degree of coping with stress can be used as an accurate diagnostic tool for psychological traumatic childbirth. It is recommended that during pregnancy, problem-solving and stress management training programs be used as psychological interventions for mothers with low levels of stress control. This will ensure that they can better cope with traumatic childbirth and post-traumatic stress in the postpartum stage.</p></sec>
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Assessment and screening tools for childbirth-related psychological trauma in nursing practice – A systematic review Olivier Teil, Nathalie Le Roux, Anthony Begue, Aline Lefebvre BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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Stress Symptoms Following Childbirth: A Prospective Study Sedigheh Abdollahpour, Mona Larki, Najme Rajabi, Elham Azmoude Current Women s Health Reviews.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>This study compared the nutritional status of children in low-income households in Indonesia whose fathers were either cigarette smokers or non-smokers.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>A cross sectional study of 482 children aged 2–6 years was conducted, stratified by whether the fathers were non-smoking (<italic>n</italic> = 138) or smoking (<italic>n</italic> = 340). Mothers and smoking fathers were interviewed about socioeconomic status and cigarette expenditure, respectively. The nutritional status of children was defined by weight-for-age, height-for-age and weight-for-height.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>Both groups had similar income. Households with a father that smoked, spent 16.6% of their income on cigarettes. Children whose fathers did not smoke had higher height-for-age (−1.99 vs. −2.25 Z-score, <italic>p</italic> = 0.02) than children whose fathers smoked. Weight-for-age in children with fathers that did not smoke was greater (−1.49 vs. −1.64 Z-score) but not statistically significantly different to those children with fathers that smoked, nor was child weight-for-height (−0.46 vs. −0.45 Z-score). The prevalence of stunted growth was higher in the children with a father that smoked compared with those that had a father did not smoke (62.2 vs. 49.6%, <italic>p</italic> = 0.07, respectively). There were 28.3% of children underweight in homes where the fathers did not smoke, and 35.6% in households where the father smoked (<italic>p</italic> = 0.11). Wasting was observed in 4.4% children where fathers did not smoke and 4.7% where fathers did smoke.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>With similar income constraints, the degree of height growth faltering was less in children whose fathers did not smoke, compared to those whose fathers did smoke.</p></sec>
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>Antimicrobial resistant extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing <italic>Enterobacteriaceae</italic> (ESBL-PE) have been shown to be present in healthy communities. This study examined healthy children from the rural Andean village of Llano del Hato, Mérida, Venezuela, who have had little or no antibiotic exposure to determine the prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL-producing <italic>Escherichia coli</italic> (ESBL-EC).</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>A total of 78 fecal samples were collected in healthy children aged from 1 to 5 years. ESBL-EC were selected in MacConkey agar plates with cefotaxime and further confirmed by the VITEK 2 system. ESBL were phenotypically detected and presence of <italic>bla</italic> genes and their variants were confirmed by molecular assays. Determination of phylogenetic groups was performed by PCR amplification. Risk factors associated with fecal carriage of ESBL-EC-positive isolates were analyzed using standard statistical methods.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>Of the 78 children studied, 27 (34.6%) carried ESBL-EC. All strains harbored the <italic>bla</italic><sub>CTX-M-15</sub> allele. Of these, 8 were co-producers of <italic>bla</italic><sub>TEM-1</sub>, <italic>bla</italic><sub>TEM-5</sub>, <italic>bla</italic><sub>SHV-5</sub> or <italic>bla</italic><sub>SHV-12</sub>. Co-resistance to aminoglycosides and/or fluoroquinolones was observed in 9 strains. 51.9% of ESBL-EC isolates were classified within phylogroup A. A significant, positive correlation was found between age (≥2.5 – ≤5 years), food consumption patterns and ESBL-EC fecal carriage.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>This is the first study describing the high prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL-EC expressing CTX-M-15- among very young, healthy children from a rural Andean village in Venezuela with scarce antibiotic exposure, underlining the importance of this population as a reservoir.</p></sec>
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<sec><title>Objectives</title><p>To investigate the relationship between dyslipidemia and obesity status among Viet-namese adolescents.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>In this case-control study, 282 adolescents (6–11 years), including 88 obese cases and 194 normal-weight controls, were recruited from a population-based cross-sectional study from two provinces in Vietnam. The anthropometric, blood lipid, and other laboratory test results of the study subjects were analyzed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Obese children tended to have more visceral fat (Pearson’s <italic>r</italic> = 0.795, <italic>p</italic> < 0.0001) than subcutaneous fat (Pearson’s <italic>r</italic> = 0.754, <italic>p</italic> < 0.0001), and this difference was associated with an increase in blood triglyceride level (Pearson’s <italic>r</italic> = 0.232, <italic>p</italic> < 0.05) and a strikingly high rate of hypertriglyceridemia (38.6%). We also found that birth weight and parental body mass index were related to the status of obesity among the study subjects. However, only birth weight was significantly higher in the obese group than in the normal weight group. These findings indicate the effect of prenatal nutrition on childhood obesity. Furthermore, high-birth weight children had a surprisingly high rate of obesity.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Together, our data suggest that obesity increased the risk for hypertriglyceridemia, which was, at least partially, due to prenatal nutrition.</p></sec>
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<sec><title>Objectives</title><p><italic>Enterobius vermicularis</italic> is a parasitic disease that is common in crowded areas such as schools and kindergartens. Primary investigations of electronic evidence have reported different prevalences of <italic>E. vermicularis</italic> in Iran. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the total prevalence of this infection among Iranian children using a meta-analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Relevant studies were identified in national and international databases. We selected eligible papers for meta-analysis after investigating titles, abstracts, and full texts; assessing study quality; and applying inclusion/exclusion criteria. Data were extracted by two independent researchers. The results were combined using a random effects model in Stata v. 11 software.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Among 19 eligible articles including 11,676 participants, the prevalences of <italic>E. vermicularis</italic> among all children, boys, and girls were 1.2%–66.1%, 2.3%–65.5%, and 1.7%–65.5%, respectively. Pooled prevalences (95% confidence interval) of <italic>E. vermicularis</italic> among all children, boys, and girls were 17.2% (12.6%–21.8%), 17.2% (12.6%–21.8%), and 16.9% (9.03%–24.8%), respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>This meta-analysis showed that a great majority of Iranian children are infected with <italic>E. vermicularis</italic>, possibly due to poor public health.</p></sec>
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Objectives
The purpose of this study was to identify the perception of childhood obesity in mothers of preschool children using Q methodology. Methods
A total of 38 Q statements about childhood obesity were obtained from 41 participants. The QUANL PC program was used to analyze the results. Results
There were three types of perception toward obesity in mothers of preschool children: the “authoritative discipline type,” the “generous home meal focused type,” and the “home meal based on household financial situation type.” Conclusion
The perception of mothers toward childhood obesity can affect the extent of maternal interaction with children or meal preparation for the family. Based on these results, it is necessary to plan specific programs according to the types of maternal perception toward childhood obesity.
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Objectives
The aim of the present study was to identify the major dietary patterns of seven- and eight-year-old Korean children and to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and obesity, nutrient intake, and diet quality. Methods
The subjects were 284 seven- and eight-year-old children who participated in the Gwacheon child cohort study. Three dietary patterns emerged from the factor analysis: Korean, modified Western, and Western. Cluster analysis was used to classify the subjects into two dietary groups: Korean and Western diet patterns. Results
The two different dietary patterns were closely related to dietary quality which in turn was related to health risks. The Western diet group had a lower fiber intake, a higher intake of energy, fat and calcium and a higher dietary diversity score (DDS) than the Korean diet group. The number of days when fruit, milk and dairy products were omitted from the diet was higher for the Korean diet group than for the Western group. Conclusions
Dietary patterns and related diet quality should be considered when designing nutrition policy and intervention programs for children.
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