Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

Original Article

AIDS Awareness: Indispensible Prerequisite Among Fishermen Population: Swapna B. Shetty, Darshan D. Divakar, M.H.N. Dalati, Sajith Vellappally, Sukumaran Anil, Marey A. Alshehry, Baher Felemban, Al S. Mamdouh, Obaid A. Alshahrani; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2016;7(5):327-333. Published online October 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.09.003

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Objectives
Fishermen are among the most vulnerable groups for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS with reported high prevalence. Poor knowledge base has been evidenced by a few studies. The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS among fishermen of the Kutch coast, Gujarat, India.
Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 950 fishermen of the Kutch coast, in the months of January–February 2015. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS of fishermen was assessed using structured interview schedules with 12 questions. The information on socio-demographic characteristics was also obtained. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. The confidence level and level of significance were fixed at 95% and 5%, respectively.
Results
A major proportion of participants (57.2%) had no access to any potential source of information and had never heard about HIV/AIDS (65.1%). Some of them were aware of modes of transmission of AIDS but only a few of them knew about the methods of prevention. Only 23.1% of participants were observed with appropriate knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS. Bivariate and multivariate analysis revealed significant variation in the proportion of participants with appropriate knowledge with age and educational status.
Conclusion
Overall, the knowledge of the fishermen community in the present study was evidenced to be poor creating an alarming situation demanding educative interventions as a part of AIDS control programs.

Citations

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Prolonged Release of Anti-Retroviral Efavirenz From System Using ZIF-8 as Carrier
Alinne Élida Gonçalves Alves Tabosa, Aline Silva Ferreira, Natália Millena da Silva, Débora Dolores Souza da Silva Nascimento, Leslie Raphael de Moura Ferraz, José Yago Rodrigues Silva, Severino Alves Junior, Rosali Maria Ferreira da Silva, Larissa Araúj
Current HIV Research.2020; 18(6): 396. CrossRef
Prevalence of HIV infection and uptake of HIV/AIDS services among fisherfolk in landing Islands of Lake Victoria, north western Tanzania
Anthony Kapesa, Namanya Basinda, Elias C. Nyanza, Martha F. Mushi, Ola Jahanpour, Sospatro E. Ngallaba
BMC Health Services Research.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

Articles

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Sexual Behaviors in HIV/AIDS and Predictors Affecting Condom Use among Men Who Have Sex with Men in South Korea: Aeree Sohn, Byonghee Cho; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2012;3(3):156-164. Published online June 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2012.07.001

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27 Download
33 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Objectives
In South Korea, men who have sex with men (MSM) are rather understudied, but are known to be at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This study was to access HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes, and risk behaviors, and to identify the factors of condom use in HIV prevention.
Methods
We recruited 1070 MSM in Korea, using the Internet to maximize the confidentiality of the MSM.
Results
The prevalence of self-reported and sexually transmitted infections and HIV in the total sample was 10.7% and 2.7%, respectively. Factual knowledge and phobias regarding HIV/AIDS and self-efficacy were relatively high among the MSM. After controlling for age, education, marital status, and sexual identity, predictors of condom use at most recent anal sex included knowledge (OR = 1.25; p < 0.0001); self-efficacy (OR = 1.33; p = 0.02), additionally, having HIV testing (OR = 1.45; p = 0.02); and having a regular partner (OR = 0.53; p < 0.0001) were also positively associated with condom use.
Conclusion
The intervention programs for MSM in Korea may need to take the idiosyncratic societal and cultural pressures of the region into consideration in order to reduce infection risk.

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A. L. Bowring, V. Veronese, J. S. Doyle, M. Stoove, M. Hellard
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How do Sexual Identity, and Coming Out Affect Stress, Depression, and Suicidal Ideation and Attempts Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in South Korea?
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Changes in Human Immunodeficiency Virusrelated Knowledge and Stigmatizing Attitudes among Korean Adolescents from 2006 to 2011: Aeree Sohn, SungBok Park; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2012;3(2):107-112. Published online June 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2012.04.006

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23 Download
8 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Objectives
This study assessed the prevalence and changes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) knowledge and stigmatizing attitudes in 2006, 2008, and 2011.
Methods
Three cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 2006, 2008, and 2011. A cross-sectional sample of high school students in Seoul, South Korea was targeted. A self-administered questionnaire measuring general and transmission and discriminatory attitudes was used.
Results
Misconceptions about casual contact were widespread, even though the proportion responding incorrectly decreased significantly over the 5-year period. The respondents in all surveys displayed a high level of discrimination against those with HIV/AIDS in some situations, particularly in the idea of HIV/AIDS making the respondent feel disgusted (63.3% in 2006, 57.5% in 2008, and 52.6% in 2011), avoiding sitting with people with HIV/AIDS (50.6% in 2006, 50.5% in 2008, and 48.5% in 2011), and blaming those with HIV for becoming infected (46.6% in 2006, 42.8% in 2008, and 43.0% in 2011). Even though respondents had a high level of stigmatizing attitudes, the survey showed that the stigma has declined over the 5-year period.
Conclusion
The survey results showed that public health policy should recognize that HIV stigmatizing attitudes persist in Korea. This finding has implications for the development of intervention programs focusing on reducing the levels of discrimination.

Citations

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Barriers and Facilitators toward HIV Testing and Health Perceptions among African-American Men Who Have Sex with Women at a South Side Chicago Community Health Center: A Pilot Study
Ian J. Cooke, Rohan D. Jeremiah, Nataka J. Moore, Karriem Watson, Michael A. Dixon, Gregory L. Jordan, Marcus Murray, Mary K. Keeter, Courtney M. P. Hollowell, Adam B. Murphy
Frontiers in Public Health.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Discrimination and Stigma
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2015; 6(3): 141. CrossRef
Identifying Barriers to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing for Men Who Have Sex with Men in South Korea
Aeree Sohn, Byonghee Cho, Harvey A. Kennedy
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2015; 6(3): 192. CrossRef
Changing Patterns of HIV Epidemic in 30 Years in East Asia
S. Pilar Suguimoto, Teeranee Techasrivichien, Patou Masika Musumari, Christina El-saaidi, Bhekumusa Wellington Lukhele, Masako Ono-Kihara, Masahiro Kihara
Current HIV/AIDS Reports.2014; 11(2): 134. CrossRef
HIV Stigmatization Harms Individuals and Public Health
Jun Yong Choi
Infection & Chemotherapy.2014; 46(2): 139. CrossRef
What is Next for HIV/AIDS in Korea?
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2013; 4(6): 291. CrossRef
Can Stigma Still Distort the Spectrum of a Disease?
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2012; 3(2): 65. CrossRef
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Sexual Behaviors in HIV/AIDS and Predictors Affecting Condom Use among Men Who Have Sex with Men in South Korea
Aeree Sohn, Byonghee Cho
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2012; 3(3): 156. CrossRef

Epidemiological and Immunological Characteristics at the Time of HIV Diagnosis for HIV/AIDS Cohort Registrants Representative of HIV-Infected Populations in Korea: Jin-Hee Lee, Seung Hyun Kim, Jin-Sook Wang, Kyoung Mi Sung, Sung Soon Kim, Mee-Kyung Kee; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2012;3(2):100-106. Published online June 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2012.04.002

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
The Korea HIV/AIDS cohort was constructed with 18 hospitals that care for HIV-infected individuals in 2006. We compared the epidemiological and immunological characteristics of the cohort registrants with those of the HIVinfected population at the time of HIV diagnosis.
Methods
This study was conducted on 5717 people living with HIV/AIDS from 1985 to 2009, of which 789 individuals registered with the Korea HIV/AIDS cohort study. Individuals who had data from initial CD4+ T-cell counts measured within 6 months following HIV diagnosis were selected as study participants to predict the status of disease progression at the time of HIV diagnosis. A total of 2886 patients (50%) were selected from people living with HIV/AIDS, of whom 424 individuals (54%) were cohort registrants. The χ² test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used for analysis.
Results
The distributions of age, marital status, diagnosed regions, reason for HIV testing, and screening site were similar between the HIV-infected population and the cohort registrants. In 1985–2004, the male ratio for the cohort registrants (94.3%) was significantly higher than that measured for the HIV-infected population (89.5%) (p = 0.0339). With regard to transmission route, homosexual contact of cohort registrants (46.6%) was higher than that of the HIV-infected population (40.1%) (p = 0.022) in 2005–2009. No statistical difference in CD4+ T-cell counts at the time of HIV diagnosis was found between the HIVinfected population and cohort registrants (p = 0.2195).
Conclusion
The Korea HIV/AIDS cohort registrants represent the HIV-infected population, and the data collected from this cohort could be used as a foundation for national statistics.

Citations

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Changing Patterns of HIV Epidemic in 30 Years in East Asia
S. Pilar Suguimoto, Teeranee Techasrivichien, Patou Masika Musumari, Christina El-saaidi, Bhekumusa Wellington Lukhele, Masako Ono-Kihara, Masahiro Kihara
Current HIV/AIDS Reports.2014; 11(2): 134. CrossRef
Can Stigma Still Distort the Spectrum of a Disease?
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2012; 3(2): 65. CrossRef

HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Stigmatizing Attitudes, and Related Behaviors and Factors that Affect Stigmatizing Attitudes against HIV/AIDS among Korean Adolescents: Aeree Sohn, SungBok Park; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2012;3(1):24-30. Published online December 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2012.01.004

3,751 View
18 Download
32 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Objectives
This study examined the sex differentials for specific aspects of knowledge regarding HIV, stigmatizing attitudes toward people with HIV/AIDS (PWHAs) and sexual behavior. In addition, the factors that affect stigmatizing attitudes toward PWHAs were investigated.
Methods
The population of this study comprised of senior high students in Seoul, Korea. Eight high schools were selected randomly and 1566 adolescents participated in the survey. A total sample of 1548 cases (18 cases were excluded) was used for analysis. A self-administered questionnaire measuring their general and transmission and discriminatory attitudes was used.
Results
The level of HIV/AIDS knowledge among Korean adolescents was low, as indicated by a correct response rate of 54% (7.0 out of 13). The students answered correctly about HIV transmission by kissing at 50.2%, toilets at 59.4%, cup sharing at 57.4%, and daily school life at 60.5%. The level of discriminatory attitudes towards HIV-infected persons was high. Boys reported a higher proportion of sexual experience (7.0% vs. 2.6%, OR=2.89, p < 0.001). Only 39.0% used a condom during their last sexual encounter and more girls (53.3%) than boys (35.3%) reported using a condom.
Conclusions
These findings highlight the need for increasing HIV knowledge, reducing HIV stigma, and providing sex education focusing on safer sex practices.

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Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2015; 6(3): 141. CrossRef
Changing Patterns of HIV Epidemic in 30 Years in East Asia
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Changes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-related Knowledge and Stigmatizing Attitudes among Korean Adolescents from 2006 to 2011
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Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2012; 3(2): 107. CrossRef
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Sexual Behaviors in HIV/AIDS and Predictors Affecting Condom Use among Men Who Have Sex with Men in South Korea
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Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2012; 3(3): 156. CrossRef
Can Stigma Still Distort the Spectrum of a Disease?
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