Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

Original Articles

Drug resistance and the genotypic characteristics of rpoB and katG in rifampicin- and/or isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in central Vietnam: Thi Binh Nguyen Nguyen, Thi Kieu Diem Nguyen, Van Hue Trương, Thi Tuyet Ngoc Tran, van Bao Thang Phan, Thi Tuyen Nguyen, Hoang Bach Nguyen, Viet Quynh Tram Ngo, Van Tuan Mai, Paola Molicotti; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2023;14(5):347-355. Published online October 18, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0124

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF: Objectives
Tuberculosis (TB) and drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) are national health burdens in Vietnam. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of rifampicin (RIF) and/or isoniazid (isonicotinic acid hydrazide, INH) resistance in patients with suspected TB, and applied appropriate techniques to help rapidly target DR-TB. Methods: In total, 1,547 clinical specimens were collected and cultured using the BACTEC MGIT system (Becton Dickinson and Co.). A resazurin microtiter assay (REMA) was used to determine the proportions of RIF and/or INH resistance. A real-time polymerase chain reaction panel with TaqMan probes was employed to identify the mutations of rpoB and katG associated with DR-TB in clinical isolates. Genotyping of the identified mutations was also performed. Results: A total of 468 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were identified using the REMA. Of these isolates, 106 (22.6%) were found to be resistant to 1 or both antibiotics. Of the resistant isolates, 74 isolates (69.8%) were resistant to isoniazid (INH) only, while 1 isolate (0.94%) was resistant to RIF only. Notably, 31 isolates (29.24%) were resistant to both antibiotics. Of the 41 phenotypically INH-resistant isolates, 19 (46.3%) had the Ser315Thr mutation. There were 8 different rpoB mutations in 22 (68.8%) of the RIF-resistant isolates. The most frequently detected mutations were at codons 531 (37.5%), 526 (18.8%), and 516 (6.3%). Conclusion: To help prevent new cases of DR-TB in Vietnam, it is crucial to gain a comprehensive understanding of the genotypic DR-TB isolates.

Clinical epidemiological applicability of real-time polymerase chain reaction for COVID-19: Geehyuk Kim, Jun-Kyu Kang, Jungho Kim, Jiyoung Lee, Jin Gwack; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2022;13(4):252-262. Published online July 27, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0135

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF: Objectives
Real-time polymerase chain reaction is currently used as a confirmatory test for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The test results are interpreted as positive, negative, or inconclusive, and are used only for a qualitative classification of patients. However, the test results can be quantitated using threshold count (Ct) values to determine the amount of virus present in the sample. Therefore, this study investigated the diagnostic usefulness of Ct results through various quantitative analyzes, along with an analysis of clinical and epidemiological characteristics.
Methods
Clinical and epidemiological data from 4,642 COVID-19 patients in April 2021 were analyzed, including the Ct values of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), envelope (E), and nucleocapsid (N) genes. Clinical and epidemiological data (sex, age, underlying diseases, and early symptoms) were collected through a structured questionnaire. A correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between variables.
Results
All 3 genes showed statistically significant relationships with symptoms and severity levels. The Ct values of the RdRp gene decreased as the severity of the patients increased. Moreover, statistical significance was observed for the presence of underlying diseases and dyspnea.
Conclusion
Ct values were found to be related to patients’ clinical and epidemiological characteristics. In particular, since these factors are closely related to symptoms and severity, Ct values can be used as primary data for predicting patients’ disease prognosis despite the limitations of this method. Conducting follow-up studies to validate this approach might enable using the data from this study to establish policies for preventing COVID-19 infection and spread.

Comparison of Three Different Methods for Detection of IL28 rs12979860 Polymorphisms as a Predictor of Treatment Outcome in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus: Abolfazl Fateh, Mohammadreza Aghasadeghi, Seyed D. Siadat, Farzam Vaziri, Farzin Sadeghi, Roohollah Fateh, Hossein Keyvani, Alireza H. Tasbiti, Shamsi Yari, Angila Ataei-Pirkooh, Seyed H. Monavari; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2016;7(2):83-89. Published online April 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2015.11.004

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the specificity, sensitivity, cost, and turn-around time of three methods of gene polymorphism analysis and to study the relationship between IL28B rs12979860 and SVR rate to pegIFN-α/RVB therapy among patients with chronic hepatitis C.
Methods
A total of 100 samples from chronic hepatitis C patients were analyzed in parallel using the three methods: direct sequencing, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR.
Results
The different profiles for IL28B rs12979860 alleles (CC, CT, and TT) obtained with PCR-RFLP, ARMS-PCR, and direct sequencing were consistent among the three methods. Prevalence of rs12979860 genotypes CC, CT and TT in HCV genotype 1a was 10(19.6%), 35(68.6%), and six (11.8%), respectively, and in HCV genotype 31, it was 13(26.5%), 31(63.3%), and five (10.2%), respectively. No significant difference was seen between rs12979860 genotype and HCV genotype (p = 0.710).
Conclusion
Screening by ARMS – PCR SNOP detection represents the most efficient and reliable method to determine HCV polymorphisms in routine clinical practice.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Multiplex Snapshot Minisequencing for the Detection of Common PAH Gene Mutations in Iranian Patients with Phenylketonuria
Pegah Namdar Aligoodarzi, Golale Rostami, Seyed Reza Kazemi Nezhad, Mohammad Hamid
Iranian Biomedical Journal.2023; 27(1): 46. CrossRef
Expression of TRIM56 Gene in SARS-CoV-2 Variants and its Relationship with Progression of COVID-19
Rezvan Tavakoli, Pooneh Rahimi, Mojtaba Hamidi-Fard, Sana Eybpoosh, Delaram Doroud, Iraj Ahmadi, Enayat Anvari, Mohammadreza Aghasadeghi, Abolfazl Fateh
Future Virology.2023; 18(9): 563. CrossRef
Performance of the tetra-primer PCR technique compared to PCR-RFLP in the search for rs12979860 (C/T) and rs8099917 (T/G) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IFNL4 gene
Ellen Hochleitner Souza Kindermann, Karoline Rodrigues Campos, Adele Caterino-de-Araujo
Revista do Instituto Adolfo Lutz.2023; 82: 1. CrossRef
Glioblastoma as a Novel Drug Repositioning Target: Updated State
Hamed Hosseinalizadeh, Ammar Ebrahimi, Ahmad Tavakoli, Seyed Hamidreza Monavari
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry.2023; 23(11): 1253. CrossRef
Prevalence of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in Iranian Prostate Cancer Patients
Ehsan Alborzi, Ahmad Tavakoli, Seyed Jalal Kiani, Saied Ghorbani, Davod Javanmard, Milad Sabaei, Maryam Fatemipour, Seyed Hamidreza Monavari
Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology.2023; 17(4): 379. CrossRef
Performance of the tetra-primer PCR technique compared to PCR-RFLP in the search for rs12979860 (C/T) and rs8099917 (T/G) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IFNL4 gene
Ellen Hochleitner Souza Kindermann, Karoline Rodrigues Campos, Adele Caterino-de-Araujo
Revista do Instituto Adolfo Lutz.2023; 82: 1. CrossRef
MicroRNAs Profiling in HIV, HCV, and HIV/HCV Co-Infected Patients
Mohsen Moghoofei, Sohrab Najafipour, Shayan Mostafaei , Ahmad Tavakoli , Farah Bokharaei-Salim , Saied Ghorbani, Davod Javanmard, Hadi Ghaffari , Seyed Hamidreza Monavari
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Occult hepatitis C virus infection in hemophilia patients and its correlation with interferon lambda 3 and 4 polymorphisms
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Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay Using the Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Technique in the Detection of Prosthetic Joint Infections: A Multi-Centered Study
Ataollah Moshirabadi, Mohammad Razi, Peyman Arasteh, Mohammad Mahdi Sarzaeem, Saman Ghaffari, Saied Aminiafshar, Kami Hosseinian Khosroshahy, Fatemeh Maryam Sheikholeslami
The Journal of Arthroplasty.2019; 34(2): 359. CrossRef
One-Step ARMS-PCR for the Detection of SNPs—Using the Example of the PADI4 Gene
Sabrina Ehnert, Caren Linnemann, Bianca Braun, Josephine Botsch, Karolin Leibiger, Philipp Hemmann, Andreas K. Nussler
Methods and Protocols.2019; 2(3): 63. CrossRef
Epstein–Barr Virus and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Mohammad Farahmand, Seyed Hamidreza Monavari, Zabihollah Shoja, Hadi Ghaffari, Mehdi Tavakoli, Ahmad Tavakoli
Future Oncology.2019; 15(24): 2873. CrossRef
Modeling suggests that microliter volumes of contaminated blood caused an outbreak of hepatitis C during computerized tomography
Eyal Shteyer, Louis Shekhtman, Tal Zinger, Sheri Harari, Inna Gafanovich, Dana Wolf, Hefziba Ivgi, Rima Barsuk, Ilana Dery, Daniela Armoni, Mila Rivkin, Rahul Pipalia, Michal Cohen Eliav, Yizhak Skorochod, Gabriel S. Breuer, Ran Tur-kaspa, Yonit Weil Wien
PLOS ONE.2019; 14(1): e0210173. CrossRef
Correlation of CD81 and SCARB1 polymorphisms on virological responses in Iranian patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1
Milad Nafari, Shiva Irani, Farzam Vaziri, Safoora Gharibzadeh, Fatemeh Sakhaee, Mohammad Khazeni, Naser Kalhor, Fatemeh Rahimi Jamnani, Seyed Davar Siadat, Abolfazl Fateh
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First detection of human hepegivirus-1 (HHpgV-1) in Iranian patients with hemophilia
Yazdan Bijvand, Mohammad Reza Aghasadeghi, Fatemeh Sakhaee, Parviz Pakzad, Farzam Vaziri, Alireza Azizi Saraji, Fatemeh Rahimi Jamnani, Seyed Davar Siadat, Abolfazl Fateh
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Evaluation of TRIM5 and TRIM22 polymorphisms on treatment responses in Iranian patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection
Setareh Mobasheri, Nazanin Irani, Abbas Akhavan Sepahi, Fatemeh Sakhaee, Fatemeh Rahimi Jamnani, Farzam Vaziri, Seyed Davar Siadat, Abolfazl Fateh
Gene.2018; 676: 95. CrossRef
Data Mining and Machine Learning Algorithms Using IL28B Genotype and Biochemical Markers Best Predicted Advanced Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis C
Hend Ibrahim Shousha, Abubakr Hussein Awad, Dalia Abdelhamid Omran, Mayada Mohamed Elnegouly, Mahasen Mabrouk
Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases.2018; 71(1): 51. CrossRef
IL28B rs12980275 and HLA rs4273729 genotypes as a powerful predictor factor for rapid, early, and sustained virologic response in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Parvaneh Sedighimehr, Shiva Irani, Fatemeh Sakhaee, Farzam Vaziri, Mohammadreza Aghasadeghi, Seyed Mehdi Sadat, Fatemeh Rahimi Jamnani, Abolfazl Fateh, Seyed Davar Siadat
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Comparison of Direct Sequencing, Real-Time PCR-High Resolution Melt (PCR-HRM) and PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) Analysis for Genotyping of Common Thiopurine Intolerant Variant Alleles NUDT15 c.415C>T and TPMT c.719A>G (TPMT*3C)
Wai-Ying Fong, Chi-Chun Ho, Wing-Tat Poon
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Effect of IL15 rs10833 and SCARB1 rs10846744 on virologic responses in chronic hepatitis C patients treated with pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin
Sahar Sadeghi, Mehdi Davari, Esmaeil Asli, Safoora Gharibzadeh, Farzam Vaziri, Fatemeh Rahimi Jamnani, Abolfazl Fateh, Seyed Davar Siadat
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High platelet count and high probability of CALR detection in myeloproliferative neoplasms
Reza Shirzad, Zari Tahan-nejad, Javad Mohamadi-asl, Mohammad Seghatoleslami, Ahmad Ahmadzadeh, Amal Saki Malehi, Najmaldin Saki
Comparative Clinical Pathology.2017; 26(1): 25. CrossRef
A comparative study of various methods for detection ofIL28Brs12979860 in chronic hepatitis C
Seyed Hamidreza Monavari, Roohollah Fateh, Farzam Vaziri, Fatemeh Rahimi Jamnani, Enayat Anvari, Farzin Sadeghi, Parviz Afrough, Ava Behrouzi, Fatemeh Sakhaee, Sepideh Meidaninikjeh, Hamidreza Mollaie, Alireza Hadizadeh Tasbiti, Shamsi Yari, Maryam Sadegh
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EGFR rs11506105 and IFNL3 SNPs but not rs8099917 are strongly associated with treatment responses in Iranian patients with chronic hepatitis C
M Asnavandi, M Zargar, F Vaziri, F R Jamnani, S Gharibzadeh, A Fateh, S D Siadat
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Genetic Variation in Interleukin-28B and Response to Peg-IFNα-2a/RBV Combination Therapy in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Farah Bokharaei-Salim, Mostafa Salehi-Vaziri, Farzin Sadeghi, Khadijeh Khanaliha, Maryam Esghaei, Seyed Hamidreza Monavari, Seyed Moayed Alavian, Shahin Fakhim, Hossein Keyvani
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Evaluation and Comparison of Molecular and Conventional Diagnostic Tests for Detecting Tuberculosis in Korea, 2013: Sang-Hee Park, Chang-Ki Kim, Hye-Ran Jeong, Hyunjin Son, Seong-Han Kim, Mi-Sun Park; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2014;5(Suppl):S3-S7. Published online December 31, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2014.10.006

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
A fast and accurate diagnosis is necessary to control and eliminate tuberculosis (TB). In Korea, TB continues to be a serious public health problem. In this study, diagnostic tests on clinical samples from patients suspected to have TB were performed and the sensitivity and specificity of the various techniques were compared. The main objective of the study was to compare various diagnostic tests and evaluate their sensitivity and specificity for detecting tuberculosis.
Methods
From January 2013 to December 2013, 170,240 clinical samples from patients suspected to have TB were tested with smear microscopy, acid-fast bacilli culture, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The test results were compared and data were analyzed.
Results
A total of 8216 cultures tested positive for TB (positive detection rate, 4.8%). The contamination rate in the culture was 0.6% and the isolation rate of nontuberculous mycobacteria was 1.0%. The sensitivity and specificity of smear microscopy were 56.8% and 99.6%, respectively. The concordance rate between the solid and liquid cultures was 92.8%. Mycobacterium isolates were not detected in 0.4% of the cases in the liquid culture, whereas no Mycobacterium isolates were detected in 6.8% of the cases in the solid culture. The sensitivity and specificity of real-time PCR for the solid culture were 97.2% and 72.4%, respectively, whereas the corresponding data for the liquid culture were 93.5% and 97.2%.
Conclusion
The study results can be used to improve existing TB diagnosis procedure as well as for comparing the effectiveness of the assay tests used for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates.

Citations

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Ana Paula de Oliveira Tomaz, Sonia Mara Raboni, Gislene Maria Botão Kussen, Keite da Silva Nogueira, Clea Elisa Lopes Ribeiro, Libera Maria Dalla Costa, Padmapriya P. Banada
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Rapid Detection of Rifampicin- and Isoniazid-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis using TaqMan Allelic Discrimination
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Brief Report

Acute Human Cytomegalovirus Infection with Bleeding in Iran: Behzad Pourhossein, Farhad Yaghmaei, Saber Esmaeili, Omid Banafshi, Shahla Afrasiabian, Mohammad Reza Shirzadi, Mark Schleiss, Ehsan Mostafavi; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2014;5(6):383-386. Published online December 31, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2014.10.003

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Abstract PDF: In December 2011, a 42-year-old male farmer was admitted to a hospital in Sanandaj (Western Iran) with fever and anemia in order to check whether he suffered from some infectious diseases. During the first 3 days after admission, the patient gradually developed progressive oliguria, fever, abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant, leukocytosis with toxic granulation, petechiae and ecchymosis, oral bleeding, and vomiting. The sonographic findings revealed splenomegaly and an increase in the thickness of the gall bladder wall. In order to manage the patient and taking into consideration the most probable differential diagnoses, diagnostic tests were performed on two blood samples collected from him, and real-time polymerase chain reaction for human cytomegalovirus was positive.

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