Molecular Genetics of Pathogens Group, National University of Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
© 2022 Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Country | First author | Microorganism | CR mechanism |
Genetic location | Study type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Companion animals | |||||
China | Li et al. [19] | ENB | NDM-5 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) |
Wang et al. [21] | ENB | NDM-5 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) | |
Cui et al. [31] | ENB | NDM-1 | Plasmid | Surveillance | |
Liu et al. [39] | ENB | OXA-48 | NR | Investigation (search) | |
Wang et al. [53] | GNFB | IMP-45 | Chromosome | Surveillance | |
South Korea | Hong et al. [22] | ENB | NDM-5 | Plasmid | Investigation (report) |
Hong et al. [32] | ENB | NDM-5 | Plasmid | Surveillance | |
Hong et al. [45] | ENB | NDM-5 | NR | Surveillance | |
Oh et al. [68] | ENB | NDM-5 | Plasmid | Monitoring | |
Hyun et al. [61] | GNFB | VIM-2 | Integron class I | Investigation (search) | |
India | Pruthvishree et al. [46] | ENB | NDM-1 | NR | Investigation (report) |
Bandyopadhyay et al. [67] | ENB | NDM-5 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) | |
Japan | Kimura et al. [65] | GNFB | IMP-1 | NR | Surveillance |
Pakistan | Taj et al. [66] | GNFB | OXA-23 | NR | Investigation (report) |
Brazil | Sellera et al. [42] | ENB | KPC-2 | Plasmid | Surveillance |
Fernandes et al. [54] | GNFB | VIM-2 | Chromosome | Investigation (report and search) | |
United States | Liu et al. [36] | ENB | OXA-48 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) |
Daniels et al. [41] | ENB | KPC-4 | Plasmid | Surveillance | |
Shaheen et al. [47] | ENB | NDM-1 | Plasmid and chromosome | Investigation (search) | |
Tyson et al. [60] | ENB | NDM-5 | Plasmid | Surveillance | |
Cole et al. [69] | ENB | NDM-5 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) | |
Germany | Pulss et al. [25] | ENB | OXA-48 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) |
Stolle et al. [29] | ENB | OXA-48 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) | |
Schmiedel et al. [37] | ENB | OXA-48 | NR | Investigation (search) | |
Ewers et al. [55] | GNFB | OXA-23 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) | |
Ewers et al. [57] | GNFB | OXA-23 | Plasmid | Investigation (report) | |
Klotz et al. [63] | GNFB | OXA-58 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) | |
Spain | Gonzalez-Torralba et al. [33] | ENB | VIM-1 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) |
Finland | Gronthal et al. [34] | ENB | NDM-5 | Plasmid | Investigation (report and search) |
France | Valat et al. [23] | ENB | OXA-48 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) |
Melo et al. [48] | ENB | OXA-48 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) | |
Herivaux et al. [56] | GNFB | OXA-23 | NR | Investigation (search) | |
Lupo et al. [64] | GNFB | OXA-23 | Chromosome | Surveillance | |
Italy | Alba et al. [49] | ENB | NDM-5 | Plasmid | Investigation (report) |
Gentilini et al. [59] | GNFB | NDM-1, OXA-23, L1 |
NR | Investigation (search) | |
Portugal | Brilhante et al. [26] | ENB | OXA-181 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) |
Pomba et al. [58] | GNFB | OXA-23 | Chromosome | Investigation (report) | |
United Kingdom | Reynolds et al. [24] | ENB | NDM-5 | Plasmid | Surveillance |
Serbia | Misic et al. [62] | GNFB | OXA-72 | Plasmid | Investigation (report) |
Switzerland | Nigg et al. [20] | ENB | OXA-181 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) |
Brilhante et al. [38] | ENB | OXA-48 | Plasmid | Investigation (report) | |
Dazio et al. [40] | ENB | NDM-5, OXA-48, OXA-181 | NR | Investigation (search) | |
Peterhans et al. [43] | ENB | NDM- 5 | Plasmid | Investigation (NR) | |
Algeria | Yousfi et al. [27] | ENB | OXA-48, NDM-5 | NR | Investigation (search) |
Yousfi et al. [28] | ENB | OXA-48 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) | |
Mairi et al. [30] | ENB | OXA-48 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) | |
Egypt | Khalifa et al. [44] | ENB | VIM-4, OXA-48, OXA-244 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) |
Australia | Abraham et al. [35] | ENB | IMP-4 | Plasmid | Investigation (report) |
Context associated with companion animals |
|||||
Brazil | Fernandes et al. [54] | GNFB | VIM-2 | Chromosome | Investigation (report and search) |
Egypt | Ramadan et al. [51] | ENB | NDM-5, OXA-181 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) |
Switzerland | Brilhante et al. [38] | ENB | OXA-48 | Plasmid | Investigation (report) |
Seiffert et al. [50] | ENB | OXA-48 | Plasmid | Investigation (search) | |
Schmidt et al. [52] | ENB | OXA-48, OXA-181 | NR | Investigation (search) |
Study | Sample origin |
Antimicrobial use |
Carbapenem resistance |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Animal | n | Specimen | Carbapenem | Others | Bacterial species | CR origin |
|
Li et al. [19] | Dogs | 2 | Stool | NR | NR | Escherichia coli | NDM-5 |
Nigg et al. [20] | Dogs, cats | 21 | Rectal swab | NO | PEN, BET/INHIB, QUIN, NIT, CEP, TET, SUL | E. coli | OXA-181 (OXA-48-like) |
Wang et al. [21] | Dogs, cats | 6 | Stool, urine | NR | NR | E. coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii | NDM-5 |
Hong et al. [22] | Dogs, cats | 2 | Rectal swab | MERO | QUIN, CEP, TET | E. coli | NDM-5 |
Valat et al. [23] | Dogs | 1 | NR | NR | NR | E. coli | OXA-48 |
Reynolds et al. [24] | Dogs | 1 | Tissues |
NO | BET/INHIB, CEP, TET, QUIN | E. coli | NDM-5 |
Pulss et al. [25] | Dogs, cats | 130 | CVADs |
NO | CEP 2°, 3°, PEN, QUIN, BET/INHB | Klebsiella pneumoniae/Klebsiella oxytoca, E. cloacae, E. coli | OXA-48 |
Brilhante et al. [26] | Dogs | 1 | Tissues |
NR | NR | E. coli | OXA-181 (OXA-48-like) |
Yousfi et al. [27] | Dogs, cats | 5 | Rectal swab | NR | NR | E. coli | OXA-48, NDM-5 |
Yousfi et al. [28] | Dogs, cats | 6 | Rectal swab | NR | NR | E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae | OXA-48 |
Stolle et al. [29] | Dogs | 6 | CVADs |
NO | PEN, BET/INHIB, QUIN, CEP, 3° TET | K. pneumoniae, E. coli | OXA-48 |
Mairi et al. [30] | Dogs | 1 | Rectal swab | NR | NR | K. pneumoniae | OXA-48 |
Cui et al. [31] | Dogs | 1 | Anal swab | NR | NR | E. coli | NDM-1 |
Hong et al. [32] | Dogs | 4 | Rectal swab | MERO | CEP 1°, QUIN, BET/INHIB, NIT | E. coli | NDM-5 |
Gonzalez-Torralba et al.[33] | Dogs | 1 | Rectal swab | NO | NO | K. pneumoniae | VIM-1 |
Gronthal et al. [34] | Dogs | 2 | Ear swab | NO | QUIN, CEP 1°, BET/INHIB, LIN | E. coli | NDM-5 |
Abraham et al. [35] | Cats | 4 | Stool | NO | TET | Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium | IMP-4 |
Liu et al. [36] | Dogs, cats | NR | Urine, tissues |
NR | NR | E. coli | OXA-48 |
Schmiedel et al. [37] | Dogs, cats | NR | NR | NR | NR | K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae | OXA-48 |
Brilhante et al. [38] | Dogs, cats | 10 | Urine, other fluids |
NR | NR | K. pneumoniae | OXA-48 |
Liu et al. [39] | Dogs | NR | Urine, tissues |
NR | NR | E. coli | OXA-48 |
Dazio et al. [40] | Dogs, cats | 25 | Rectal swab | NO | NR | E. coli | NDM-5, OXA-48, OXA-181 (OXA-48-like) |
K. pneumoniae | OXA-48 | ||||||
Daniels et al. [41] | Dogs | 2 | Urine, tissues |
NO | TET | Enterobacter. hormaechei subsp. xiangfangensis | KPC-4 |
Sellera et al. [42] | Dogs | 1 | Urine | NR | NR | K. pneumoniae | KPC-2 |
Peterhans et al. [43] | Dogs | 1 | Tissues |
NR | NR | E. coli | NDM-5 |
Khalifa et al. [44] | Dogs, cats | 7 | Nasal swab, eye swab | NR | NR | E. hormaechei subsp. xiangfangensis | VIM-4 |
K. pneumoniae | OXA-48 | ||||||
E. coli | OXA-244 (OXA-48-like) | ||||||
Hong et al. [45] | Dogs | 4 | Rectal swab | NR | NR | E. coli | NDM-5 |
Pruthvishree et al. [46] | Dogs | 1 | Other fluids |
NR | NR | E. coli | NDM-1 |
Shaheen et al. [47] | Dogs, cats | 6 | Urine, tissues |
NR | NR | E. coli | NDM-1 |
Melo et al. [48] | Dogs | 1 | Rectal swab | NO | BET/INHIB | E. coli | OXA-48 |
Alba et al. [49] | Dogs | 1 | Urine | NR | NR | E. coli | NDM-5 |
Wang et al. [53] | Dogs | 1 | Anal swab | NR | NR | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | IMP-45 |
Fernandes et al. [54] | Dogs | 1 | Oral swab, rectal swab, other fluids |
NR | NR | P. aeruginosa | VIM-2 |
Ewers et al. [55] | Dogs, cats | 3 | Vaginal swab, urine, other fluids |
NR | NR | Acinetobacter baumannii | OXA-23 |
Herivaux et al. [56] | Dogs | 2 | Oral swab, rectal swab | NO | NO | A. baumannii | OXA-23 |
Ewers et al. [57] | Cats | 1 | Urine | NR | NR | A. baumannii | OXA-23 |
Pomba et al. [58] | Cats | 1 | Urine | NO | BET/INHB | A. baumannii | OXA-23 |
Gentilini et al. [59] | Dogs, cats | 11 | Rectal swab | NO | BET/INHIB, TET, QUIN, NIT | A. radioresistens | NDM-1 |
A. baumannii | OXA-23 | ||||||
P. aeruginosa | Loss of porin |
||||||
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | L1 |
||||||
Tyson et al. [60] | Dogs | 1 | Other fluids |
NR | NR | E. coli | NDM-5 |
Hyun et al. [61] | Dogs | 10 | Other fluids |
NR | NR | P. aeruginosa | VIM- 2 |
Misic et al. [62] | Dogs | 1 | Urine | NR | NR | A. baumannii | OXA-72 (OXA-40-like) |
Klotz et al. [63] | Dogs, cats | 4 | Nasal swab, other fluids |
NR | NR | Acinetobacter pittii | OXA-58 (OXA-58-like) |
Lupo et al. [64] | Dogs, cats | 7 | NR | NR | NR | A. baumannii | OXA-23 |
Kimura et al. [65] | Dogs, cats | 2 | Urine, other fluids |
NO | PHOS | A. radioresistens | IMP-1 |
Taj et al. [66] | Cats | 1 | Urine | NO | BET/ INHIB, QUIN | A. baumannii | OXA-23 |
Bandyopadhyay et al. [67] | Dogs | 16 | Rectal swab, vaginal swab, tissues |
NR | NR | E. coli | NDM-5 |
Oh et al. [68] | Dogs | 4 | Stool, nasal swab, urine | MERO | BET/ INHIB, TET | E. coli | NDM-5 |
Cole et al. [69] | Dogs, cats | 6 | Urine, other fluids |
NO | PEN, CEP, AMN, NIT, BET/ INHIB | E. coli | NDM-5 |
Brilhante et al. [38] | Veterinary surfaces | NA | Environmental swabs | NA | K. pneumoniae | OXA-48 | |
Seiffert et al. [50] | Pet food |
NA | Pet food packages | NA | Enterobacterales (undetermined species) | OXA-48 | |
Ramadan et al. [51] | Veterinary surfaces | NA | Environmental swabs | NA | E. coli | NDM-5, OXA-181 (OXA-48-like) | |
Schmidt et al. [52] | Veterinary surfaces | NA | Environmental swabs | NA | E. coli | OXA-48, OXA-181 (OXA-48-like) | |
K. pneumoniae | OXA-48 | ||||||
E. cloacae | OXA-48 | ||||||
Fernandes et al. [54] | Household surfaces |
NA | Environmental swabs | NA | P. aeruginosa | VIM-2 |
First author | Country | Isolation place | Sampled animals (n) |
Animals with CR microorganisms (n) |
Frequency of animals with CR (%) |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dogs | Cats | Total | Dogs | Cats | Total | Dogs | Cats | Total | |||
Li et al. [19] | China | Households with backyard pig farms | 92 | 19 | 111 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2.17 | 0.00 | 1.80 |
Nigg et al. [20] | Switzerland | University veterinary hospital | 76 | 21 | 97 | 17 | 4 | 21 | 22.37 | 19.05 | 21.65 |
Reynolds et al. [24] | United Kingdom | Veterinary clinics | 158 | 27 | 185 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.63 | 0.00 | 0.54 |
Pulss et al. [25] | Germany | Veterinary microbiology laboratory | 3,375 | 932 | 4,307 | 117 | 13 | 130 | 3.47 | 1.39 | 3.02 |
Brilhante et al. [26] | Portugal | Homes and university veterinary hospital | 71 | 27 | 98 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1.41 | 0.00 | 1.02 |
Yousfi et al. [27] | Algeria | Local veterinary office | 116 | 84 | 200 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 2.59 | 2.38 | 2.50 |
Yousfi et al. [28] | Algeria | Local veterinary office and homes | 265 | 49 | 314 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 1.51 | 4.08 | 1.91 |
Mairi et al. [30] | Algeria | NR | 75 | 37 | 112 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1.33 | 0.00 | 0.89 |
Cui et al. [31] | China | University veterinary hospital | NR | NR | 226 | 1 | 0 | 1 | NA | NA | 0.44 |
Hong et al. [32] | South Korea | Veterinary clinics | 353 | 0 | 353 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 1.13 | 0.00 | 1.13 |
Gonzalez-Torralba et al. [33] | Spain | Companion animal shelter | 160 | 0 | 160 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.63 | 0.00 | 0.63 |
Khalifa et al. [44] | Egypt | NR | NR | NR | 1,348 | 3 | 4 | 7 | NA | NA | 0.52 |
Hong et al. [45] | South Korea | Veterinary hospitals | 315 | 74 | 389 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 1.27 | 0.00 | 1.03 |
Melo et al. [48] | France | University veterinary hospital | 166 | 227 | 393 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.60 | 0.00 | 0.25 |
Bandyopadhyay et al. [67] | India | Veterinary clinics and university veterinary hospital | 237 | 0 | 237 | 16 | 0 | 16 | 6.75 | 0.00 | 6.75 |
Herivaux et al. [56] | France | University veterinary hospital | 104 | 46 | 150 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1.92 | 0.00 | 1.33 |
Gentilini et al. [59] | Italy | Veterinary hospitals and homes | 134 | 72 | 206 | 8 | 3 | 11 | 5.97 | 4.17 | 5.34 |
Hyun et al. [61] | South Korea | Veterinary medical teaching hospital | 80 | 0 | 80 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 12.5 | 0.00 | 12.50 |
Klotz et al. [63] | Germany | Veterinary clinics | 110 | 48 | 158 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 1.82 | 4.17 | 2.53 |
CR, carbapenem resistant; ENB, enterobacteria; NDM, New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase; OXA, oxacillin; NR, not reported; GNFB, glucose non-fermenting bacilli; IMP, active-on-imipenem; VIM, Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase; KPC, Carbapenemase production or loss of porins. Intrinsic metallo-β-lactamase L1 of the species Veterinary medical care surfaces, household surfaces, and companion animal food.
CR, carbapenem resistant; NR, not reported; NDM, New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase; NO, non-use; PEN, penicillins; BET/INHIB, beta-lactams/beta-lactam inhibitors; QUIN, quinolones; NIT, nitroimidazoles; CEP, cephalosporins; TET, tetracyclines; SUL, sulfonamides; OXA, oxacillin; MERO, meropenem; CVADs, central venous access devices; VIM, Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase; LIN, lincosamides; IMP, active-on-imipenem; KPC, Referred to the mechanism that confers resistance to the microorganism: production of carbapenemases or loss of the bacterial target. Included wound tissues, nasal structure, skin, abdominal cavity, anal sacs, intestine, and lung. Included central venous catheters. Included bronchoalveolar and tracheobronchial lavage, scrotal fluid, pus, bile, ear discharge, and eye discharge. The authors determined that the loss of the oprD porin was caused by different mutations within the gene that caused a premature stop codon because of a large insertion, a frameshift, or a nonsense mutation. Chromosome-encoded intrinsic metallo-β-lactamase L1 of Mixed wet pet food with different flavors. Home surfaces (sofa, balcony, water cooler).
CR, carbapenem resistant; NA, not applicable; NR, not reported.