<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The main purpose of this study was to identify the effects of physical therapy modalities and exercise therapy on myofascial pain syndrome by assessing the degree of effect size (ES) and related variables.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Related studies published between 1<sup>st</sup> January 2008 and 31<sup>st</sup> December 2019were retrieved from national [KCI, RISS, National Assembly Library and DBpia (<italic>n</italic> = 405)] and international [PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar and Cochrane library (<italic>n</italic> = 1,600)] databases. According to the selection criteria, 25 studies were selected for review.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>The degree of ES in the physical therapy and exercise therapy combined group (1.83) showed the largest mean ES. The size of the effect according to the number of people to be treated was 41 or more (1.64), and showed the largest mean ES. The size of the effect according to treatment period was 16 to 30 days (1.41). The size of the effect for 6 to 10 treatments (1.51) showed the largest mean ES. Trim and fill results showed that the calibration ES was 0.67.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Physical therapy modalities and exercise therapy had a great effect on myofascial pain syndrome in the neck and shoulders, and the effect differed according to the methods of intervention, and the methods of evaluation.</p></sec>
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Effectiveness of stratified blended physiotherapy versus usual physiotherapy for neck and shoulder pain: a cluster-randomized trial Mark L. van Tilburg, Corelien J.J. Kloek, Nadine E. Foster, J. Bart Staal, Ruben P.A. van Eijk, Raymond W.J.G. Ostelo, Martijn F. Pisters, Cindy Veenhof Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.2026; 69(6): 102135. CrossRef
Ultrasound-guided injection of platelet-rich plasma alleviated pain and improved function for individuals with myofascial pain syndrome: a retrospective case series study Shaolong Ai, Xiao-Na Xiang, Xi Yu, Yan Liu, Kaibo Zhang, Xuyang Zhang, Hongying Jiang, Qian Wang, Hong-Chen He BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Manual therapy with exercise for neck pain Nejin Chacko, Anita R Gross, Jordan Miller, Pasqualina L Santaguida, Stephen J Burnie, Geoffrey M Gelley, Jean-Philippe Paquin, Mujeeb-Rehman Duranai, Pierre Langevin, Neha Chopra-Tandon, Nga Ting Chak, Jan L Hoving, Pavlos Bobos Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The impact of physical therapy assistants on rehabilitation clinical outcomes: a systematic review of the literature Anthony N. Baumann, Kyle J. Hitchman, Omkar S. Anaspure, Marc T. Crawford, Hudson Rogers, Samuel C. Ramsier, Philip D. Toal Physical Therapy Reviews.2024; 29(4): 177. CrossRef
The Impact of Dry Needling With Electrical Stimulation on Pain and Disability in Patients With Musculoskeletal Shoulder Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Anthony N Baumann, Andrew Fiorentino, Caleb J Oleson, John Martin Leland Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Various Physical Therapy Method about Shoulder Adhesive Capsulitis: The Cases of Domestic Research Chan Myeong Kim The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy.2020; 32(5): 277. CrossRef
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