This review examines how biotechnology advances (CRISPR/Cas9, next-generation targeted therapies, nanotechnology-based drug delivery, and immunotherapies) can be applied to address cancer drug resistance worldwide. It also considers the economic burden of resistance, inequities in access to biotechnology solutions, and ethical concerns surrounding rapid innovation, particularly in low-resource settings. A narrative review synthesized evidence from basic science studies, clinical trials, translational research, and policy analyses. Evidence was prioritized for 2015–2025 publications. The synthesis highlights resistance biology and evaluates how precision medicine, biomarker-guided treatment, and high-throughput drug screening can inform individualized regimens and rational combinations. Breakthroughs in gene editing, targeted inhibitors, nanocarriers, and immune engineering can counter key resistance mechanisms, including resistance-conferring mutations, altered drug transport, immune evasion, and tumor microenvironment–mediated protection. Despite progress, implementation barriers remain substantial: high drug and development costs, limited molecular diagnostics and manufacturing capacity, and regulatory and governance challenges that can delay adoption and widen disparities, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Integrating biotechnology innovations within precision medicine frameworks may improve treatment selection and patient outcomes. Maximizing public health impact requires affordability and financing strategies, robust ethical oversight, timely regulatory pathways, and coordinated global collaboration to ensure access to effective therapies across health systems worldwide.
Objectives The study aimed to analyze the core capacities to implement World Health Organization International Health Regulations (IHR) in 6 countries: Indonesia, Cambodia, Vietnam, the Dominican Republic, Ghana, and the Republic of Korea. Methods: Secondary data from relevant databases and reports, including the electronic State Party Self-Assessment Annual Reporting mechanism and global health security index, were used to assess health security in these countries. Descriptive statistics summarized the basic features of the scores, and a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis was subsequently performed to identify factors affecting health security scores while highlighting key similarities and differences between countries. Results: Early warning and event management emerged as the primary strength in most countries. Common opportunities included international commitments and immunization programs. In contrast, many countries shared weaknesses related to the policy, legal, and normative frameworks for IHR implementation, as well as challenges in human resources, chemical event management, and radiation emergency preparedness. Recurring threats involved issues such as biosafety, biosecurity, dual-use research and the culture of responsible science, infection control practices, coordination between public health and security authorities, laboratory supply chain vulnerabilities, and communication with healthcare workers during public health emergencies. Conclusion: In order to counter future global health threats, countries should prioritize enhancing surveillance capacity (early warning and event management) as well as the immunization indicator (vaccination rates for human and animal diseases, including the national vaccine delivery system).
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Has the COVID-19 pandemic enhanced the capacity of rural public health emergency management? Evidence from Jiangsu Province of China Ming Cao, Yajing Zhang Frontiers in Public Health.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Building systems for preparedness: Global scoping studies on institutional governance and National Public Health Agencies Sileshi Demelash Sasie, Fantu Mamo Aragaw, Tigist Ali Gebeyehu, Sintayehu Abdella Shikur, Lensa Fekadu, Neima Zeynu Ali, Zenebech Mamo Argaw, Julia Robinson PLOS Global Public Health.2026; 6(2): e0005427. CrossRef
Strengthening CBRN Preparedness through Military Medical Capabilities and Multisectoral Collaboration Moonsoo Yoon IGEE Proceedings.2026; 3(2): 89. CrossRef
Effect of the establishment of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency from the perspective of global health security Chaeshin Chu Global Health & Medicine.2025; 7(2): 141. CrossRef
Objectives
To find the fit that is most apt for the current situation in Korea and to find new ways of identifying potential partners for the purpose of public–private partnership (PPP). The research was conducted using domestic and international literature where the concept and definition of PPP was stated, and cases of PPP reported by the World Health Organization and cases in developed countries were investigated.
Materials and methods
Data were collected from 237 PPP potential partner organization, government agencies, and the government under a special law, local governments, businesses, hospitals, and private organizations through their internet webpage. The Delphi questionnaire was given to relevant institutions and questionnaire was surveyed general hospitals. Results
Groups that were likely to realize most of the partnership were nonprofit or nongovernmental organizations, the central government, the private sector, public healthcare services, and products. Conclusion
In order to secure the position of exceptional comparative advantage of international expertise in the field of healthcare, we must implement PPP strategy that is in ordinance of domestic situation.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Government’s motives and investor’s commitment in public-private partnership procurement system adoption Rapheal Abiodun Ojelabi, Lekan Amusan, Adeoye Olugbenga Adewolu, Oladeji Olubunmi Olanipekun Organization, Technology and Management in Constru.2025; 17(1): 110. CrossRef
Developing a national framework for health technology assessment in Iran: a mixed-methods Delphi consensus study Meysam Behzadifar, Ahad Bakhtiari, Saeed Shahabi, Samad Azari, Aidin Aryankhesal, Masoud Behzadifar BMJ Open.2025; 15(12): e100662. CrossRef
Şehir Hastanelerinin Misyon ve Vizyon Beyanlarının İçerik Analizi Fatma YILDIRIM Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Ens.2023; 14(1): 143. CrossRef
Exploring the interest of medical students in global health in South Korea: Does taking a global health course matter? Jayoung Park, Jongnam Hwang, Yeji Lim, Jongho Heo, Woong-Han Kim BMC Medical Education.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Directions of Effective Interaction of the Subjects of Regional Policy in the Sphere of Health Care for the Purpose of Ensuring the Economic Security of the Regions Natalya Krivenko Living Standards of the Population in the Regions .2022; 18(3): 354. CrossRef
Possibilities for expanding the practice of public-private partnerships in Russian regional healthcare N.V. Krivenko, A.V. Vasilieva, A.I. Tsvetkov Profilakticheskaya meditsina.2021; 24(1): 17. CrossRef
First
Prev
