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PHRP : Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

OPEN ACCESS. pISSN: 2210-9099. eISSN: 2233-6052

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Review Article

Effectiveness of non-pharmacological school-based therapies for cigarette smoking cessation among adolescents in South and Southeast Asian countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Fahad Ali Mangrio, Penpaktr Uthis, Suwimon Rojnawee, Alicia K Matthews
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2025;16(3):195-210.
Published online April 30, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0320
Effectiveness of non-pharmacological school-based therapies for cigarette smoking cessation among adolescents in South and Southeast Asian countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Objectives
This review and meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of non-pharmacological therapies delivered through school-based interventions for smoking cessation among adolescents in South and Southeast Asian countries.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, BioMed Central, the Cochrane Library, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global from inception to October 2024. Eligible studies comprised randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies that compared non-pharmacological smoking cessation interventions delivered in schools or other educational institutions. Data on smoking abstinence outcomes were extracted from published studies, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model via the Mantel-Haenszel estimator.
Results
Seven studies involving 1,260 participants were included. The meta-analysis demonstrated that non-pharmacological school-based therapies significantly increased smoking abstinence compared to controls (OR, 2.83; 95% CI, 1.83–4.40; p<0.001. Subgroup analyzes revealed benefits across both randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies with varying abstinence rates. Studies utilizing biochemical verification showed significant positive effects despite substantial heterogeneity, and short-term (<3 months) abstinence was significantly higher in intervention groups compared to controls. Overall, no differences were found between subgroups regarding intervention effectiveness.
Conclusion
This meta-analysis indicates that non-pharmacological school-based interventions positively impact smoking abstinence rates, although effectiveness may vary based on study design, follow-up duration, and use of biochemical verification. The findings underscore the need for further research with larger sample sizes, extended follow-up periods, and improved methodological rigor in these regions.

Citations

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  • Global disease burden of laryngeal cancer attributable to smoking from 1990 to 2021
    Xiao Han, Shanchun Gong, Chao Wang, Yulin Zhang, Yufei Pan, Jing Li, Kai Liu, Zhenkun Yu
    European Journal of Cancer Prevention.2026; 35(4): 291.     CrossRef
  • Adapting and Implementing a School-Based “Implementation Intentions” Program Within FRESHAIR4Life to Prevent Smoking Initiation Among Adolescents in Greece: A Study Protocol
    Izolde Bouloukaki, Antonios Christodoulakis, Sevasti Peraki, Floor A. Van Den Brand, Faraz Siddiqui, Theodoros Krasanakis, Antonia Aravantinou-Karlatou, Purva Abhyankar, Siân Williams, Julia van Koeveringe, Rianne MJJ van der Kleij, Ioanna Tsiligianni
    Healthcare.2026; 14(7): 938.     CrossRef
  • 8,622 View
  • 214 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Original Article

Methodology of comparative studies on the relative effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines: a systematic review
Erdenetuya Bolormaa, Jiae Shim, Young-Sook Choi, Donghyok Kwon, Young June Choe, Seung-Ah Choe
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2024;15(5):395-408.
Published online October 15, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0063
Methodology of comparative studies on the relative effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines: a systematic review
Objectives
This study aimed to comprehensively outline the methodological approaches used in published research comparing the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted on June 13, 2024, to identify comparative studies evaluating the effectiveness of mRNA versus non-mRNA and monovalent versus bivalent COVID-19 vaccines. We screened titles, abstracts, and full texts, collecting data on publication year, country, sample size, study population composition, study design, VE estimates, outcomes, and covariates. Studies that reported relative VE (rVE) were analyzed separately from those that did not.
Results
We identified 25 articles comparing rVE between mRNA and non-mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, as well as between monovalent and bivalent formulations. Among the studies assessing VE by vaccine type, 126 did not provide rVE estimates. Comparative VE studies frequently employed retrospective cohort designs. Among the definitions of rVE used, the most common were hazard ratio and absolute VE, calculated as (1−odds ratio)×100. Studies were most frequently conducted in the United Kingdom and the United States, and the most common outcome was infection. Most targeted the general population and assessed the VE of mRNA vaccines using the AstraZeneca vaccine as a reference. A small proportion, 7.3% (n=11), did not adjust for any variables. Only 3 studies (2.0%) adjusted for all core confounding variables recommended by the World Health Organization.
Conclusion
Few comparative studies of COVID-19 vaccines have incorporated rVE methodologies. Reporting rVE and employing a consistent set of covariates can broaden our understanding of COVID-19 vaccines.

Citations

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  • Protection from second booster vaccines and natural immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infections, 2022–2023
    Dritan Bejko, Anne Vergison, Saverio Stranges, Joël Mossong, Maurice Zeegers
    Epidemiology and Infection.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 8,871 View
  • 92 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Review Articles

Effectiveness of virtual reality-supported exercise therapy in improving upper extremity function and activities of daily living among patients after stroke: a systematic review of randomized control trials
Objectives
This systematic review describes the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR)-supported exercise therapy on upper limb motor function and activities of daily living after stroke. Methods: Studies published through January 24, 2022, were identified using CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science. Randomized control trials comparing VR treatment with conventional therapy (CT) for upper extremity rehabilitation after stroke were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Results: Of 9 included studies, 5 concluded that the VR group outperformed control participants, 1 indicated the superiority of VR-supported exercises alone over CT, and 3 found VR comparable to CT in promoting upper limb motor function. Five studies analyzed independence in daily living, with 4 reporting no significant difference between VR and CT groups. No strong evidence indicated long-term benefits of VR-assisted exercise. All included studies demonstrated low risk of bias concerning random sequence generation, allocation concealment, outcome assessment blinding, incomplete outcome data, and selective reporting bias. However, a high risk of bias was observed regarding participant blinding due to the nature of the intervention. Conclusion: Most studies suggested that VR, used alongside CT, can improve motor function following stroke. However, the evidence was insufficient to conclude that VR outperforms conventional approaches.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Challenges and Benefits of Virtual Reality in Home-Based Poststroke Rehabilitation: Co-Design Qualitative Study
    Trust Saidi, Ann Marie Hestetun-Mandrup, Nenad Pavel, Ingvild Kristina Hurum Rosseland, Kathinka Granum Selmer-Olsen, Nora Synnøve Mørk, Åse Bergheim, Minna Annika Pikkarainen
    JMIR Human Factors.2026; 13: e78798.     CrossRef
  • Neural correlates of virtual hand movements using ecologically valid tasks
    Silvia Erika Kober, Lisa Maria Berger, Daniela Kern, Guilherme Wood, Petra Schwingenschuh
    Frontiers in Virtual Reality.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Artificial Intelligence in Stroke Rehabilitation: A 20‐Year Bibliometric Analysis of Digital Health Trends and Technologies
    Yuhua Li, Weixi Liu, Xiaomei Yuan
    Brain and Behavior.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Promoting adapted physical activity through immersive virtual reality: a feasibility study in community organizations
    Aurélien Ramos, Sarah-Maude Ruest, Roxanne Périnet-Lacroix, Julien Marceaux, Keith Beaudoin, Danielle Levac, Martin Lemay, Marika Demers, Hubert D. Gascon, Martine Bordeleau, Krista L. Best, Maxime T. Robert
    Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Kinesiotherapy in medical rehabilitation and prevention of non-communicable diseases: the role of biofeedback, neuroplasticity, virtual reality and exoskeletons
    K. Korbel, A. Chalupka-Borowska, B. Depczyńska, A. Madziewicz, A. Bilska, A. Bartkowiak-Graczyk
    Fizjoterapia Polska.2026; 26(2/2026): 59.     CrossRef
  • Advances in hemiplegia rehabilitation: modern therapeutic interventions to enhance activities of daily living
    Jing Xiong, Jin-Tian Wang, Shu Lin, Bao-Yuan Xie
    Frontiers in Neurology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of virtual reality-based upper limb training on activity of daily living and quality of life among stroke survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Diriba Dereje Olana, Teklu Gemechu Abessa, Dheeraj Lamba, Lisa Tedesco Triccas, Bruno Bonnechere
    Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Research on upper limb motor function evaluation and rehabilitation training system of stroke patients based on artificial intelligence: A usability and feasibility study from therapist and patient perspectives
    Qiurong Xie, Qi Zhang, Yanxin Zhang, Bo Sheng, Xiaoling Wang, Jia Luo, Jia Huang
    DIGITAL HEALTH.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of a Virtual Reality Rehabilitation Protocol Based on Art Therapy in Patients with Stroke: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
    Gaetano Tieri, Marco Iosa, Antonio Fortini, Federica Aghilarre, Federico Gentili, Cristiano Rubeca, Tommaso Mastropietro, Gabriella Antonucci, Roberto De Giorgi
    Brain Sciences.2024; 14(9): 863.     CrossRef
  • Elevating patient experience: Transformative strategies in hand therapy
    Jean Paul Brutus, Bianieff Tchiloemba, Anna Galstyan, Tom Lattré, Aviva Wolff, Alison Taylor
    Hand Surgery and Rehabilitation.2024; 43(5): 101764.     CrossRef
  • 9,675 View
  • 276 Download
  • 11 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Psychiatric adverse events associated with the COVID-19 vaccines approved in the Republic of Korea: a systematic review
Seungeun Ryoo, Miyoung Choi, Nam-Kyong Choi, Hyoung-Shik Shin, Jun Hee Woo, Byung-Joo Park, Sanghoon Oh
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2024;15(2):107-114.
Published online March 28, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0325
Psychiatric adverse events associated with the COVID-19 vaccines approved in the Republic of Korea:  a systematic review
This systematic review evaluated psychiatric adverse events (AEs) following vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We included studies that reported or investigated psychiatric AEs in individuals who had received an approved COVID-19 vaccine in the Republic of Korea. Systematic electronic searches of Ovid-Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and KoreaMed databases were conducted on March 22, 2023. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Non-randomized Studies 2.0. The study protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023449422). Of the 301 articles initially selected, 7 were included in the final analysis. All studies reported on sleep disturbances, and 2 highlighted anxiety-related AEs. Sleep disorders like insomnia and narcolepsy were the most prevalent AEs, while depression was not reported. Our review suggests that these AEs may have been influenced by biological mechanisms as well as the broader psychosocial context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although this study had limitations, such as a primary focus on the BNT162b2 vaccine and an observational study design, it offered a systematic, multi-vaccine analysis that fills a critical gap in the existing literature. This review underscores the need for continued surveillance of psychiatric AEs and guides future research to investigate underlying mechanisms, identify risk factors, and inform clinical management.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Risk of anxiety disorders and insomnia following COVID-19 vaccination
    Haerin Cho, Joon Hyung Jung, Hwoyeon Seo, Won Chul Shin, Jung-Ick Byun, Suvin Park, Na-Young Jeong, Sanghoon Oh, Nam-Kyong Choi
    Journal of Psychiatric Research.2026; 192: 109.     CrossRef
  • A review of the scientific literature on experimental toxicity studies of COVID-19 vaccines, with special attention to publications in toxicology journals
    Jose L. Domingo
    Archives of Toxicology.2024; 98(11): 3603.     CrossRef
  • 25,973 View
  • 209 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Predictors of outcomes 3 to 12 months after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Younes Iderdar, Maryem Arraji, Nadia Al Wachami, Morad Guennouni, Karima Boumendil, Yassmine Mourajid, Noureddine Elkhoudri, Elmadani Saad, Mohamed Chahboune
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2024;15(1):3-17.
Published online February 5, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0288
Predictors of outcomes 3 to 12 months after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
The exact factors predicting outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI) remain elusive. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we examined factors influencing outcomes in adult patients with TBI, from 3 months to 1 year after injury. A search of four electronic databases—PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect—yielded 29 studies for review and 16 for meta-analysis, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. In patients with TBI of any severity, mean differences were observed in age (8.72 years; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.77–12.66 years), lymphocyte count (−0.15 109/L; 95% CI, −0.18 to −0.11), glucose levels (1.20 mmol/L; 95% CI, 0.73–1.68), and haemoglobin levels (−0.91 g/dL; 95% CI, −1.49 to −0.33) between those with favourable and unfavourable outcomes. The prevalence rates of unfavourable outcomes were as follows: abnormal cisterns, 65.7%; intracranial pressure above 20 mmHg, 52.9%; midline shift of 5 mm or more, 63%; hypotension, 71%; hypoxia, 86.8%; blood transfusion, 70.3%; and mechanical ventilation, 90%. Several predictors were strongly associated with outcome. Specifically, age, lymphocyte count, glucose level, haemoglobin level, severity of TBI, pupillary reaction, and type of injury were identified as potential predictors of long-term outcomes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Premorbid physical activity and recovery following an isolated acute traumatic brain injury: an exploratory study
    Naomie Maltais, Elaine de Guise, Maude Laguë-Beauvais, Laurence Trépanier, Jehane H. Dagher
    Global Neurological Insights.2026; 1(1): 100003.     CrossRef
  • Association Between Sex and Mortality After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Elise Beijer, Floor J. Mansvelder, Romein W. G. Dujardin, Nicole P. Juffermans, Linda J. Schoonmade, Leo M. G. Geeraedts, Frank W. Bloemers, Charissa E. van den Brom, Patrick Schober
    Neurocritical Care.2026; 45(1): 395.     CrossRef
  • The severity of traumatic brain injury impacts the response to non-pharmacological treatment for post-traumatic amnesia: A retrospective observational study
    Èlia Vilageliu-Jordà, Antonia Enseñat-Cantallops, Alberto García-Molina
    Applied Neuropsychology: Adult.2026; : 1.     CrossRef
  • Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality in Traumatic Acute Subdural Hematoma: The Role of Admission International Normalized Ratio, Imaging Parameters and Neurological Severity
    Serban Iancu Papacocea, Miruna Ioana Lazăr, Romica Cergan, Ioana Anca Badarau, Toma Marius Papacocea
    Biomedicines.2026; 14(6): 1388.     CrossRef
  • A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcome Trajectories from 3 to 12 Months Following Mild or Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury
    Carl Marincowitz, Fiona Lecky, Abdullah Pandor, Ruth Wong, Thomas Shanahan, Michael Tonkins, Rajiv Singh, James Piercy, Andrew Maas, Lindsay Wilson
    Journal of Neurotrauma.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Distinct Five-Year Latent Class Trajectories and Predictors of Functional Cognitive Independence Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A TBI Model Systems Study
    Evan D. Feigel, Charlotte B. Luster, Chris W. Lewis, Brenna Finegan, Michael J. Mastrodicasa, Maëlle-Marie Troadec, David Guo, Ben Olsen, Ignacio Fuentes, Joseph T. Giacino, Regina Barzilay, Daniel H. Daneshvar
    Neurotrauma Reports.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Traumatic Brain Injury and Artificial Intelligence: Shaping the Future of Neurorehabilitation—A Review
    Seun Orenuga, Philip Jordache, Daniel Mirzai, Tyler Monteros, Ernesto Gonzalez, Ahmed Madkoor, Rahim Hirani, Raj K. Tiwari, Mill Etienne
    Life.2025; 15(3): 424.     CrossRef
  • 10,574 View
  • 295 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Effects of medication adherence interventions for older adults with chronic illnesses: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Hae Ok Jeon, Myung-Ock Chae, Ahrin Kim
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2022;13(5):328-340.
Published online October 12, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0168
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to understand the characteristics of medication adherence interventions for older adults with chronic illnesses, and to investigate the average effect size by combining the individual effects of these interventions. Data from studies meeting the inclusion criteria were systematically collected in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The results showed that the average effect size (Hedges’ g) of the finally selected medication adherence interventions for older adults with chronic illnesses calculated using a random-effects model was 0.500 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.342−0.659). Of the medication adherence interventions, an implementation intention intervention (using face-to-face meetings and telephone monitoring with personalized behavioral strategies) and a health belief model–based educational program were found to be highly effective. Face-to-face counseling was a significantly effective method of implementing medication adherence interventions for older adults with chronic illnesses (Hedges’ g=0.531, 95% CI, 0.186−0.877), while medication adherence interventions through education and telehealth counseling were not effective. This study verified the effectiveness of personalized behavioral change strategies and cognitive behavioral therapy based on the health belief model, as well as face-to-face meetings, as medication adherence interventions for older adults with chronic illnesses.

Citations

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  • Impact of telemedicine on chronic disease patients: An overview of systematic reviews
    Kun Zhang, Yanhua Chen, Peicheng Wang, Yanrong He, Yanrong Du, Hailun Liang, Weiguo Zhu, Xiao Long, Leiyu Shi, Jiming Zhu
    Intelligent Medicine.2026; 6(2): 226.     CrossRef
  • Updating Interventions to Enhance Medication Adherence among Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Chronic Diseases
    Luu Thi Thuy, Nguyen Thi Yen Hoai, Diep Thi Tieu Mai
    Home Healthcare Now.2026; 44(1): 40.     CrossRef
  • Treatment Adherence and Persistence of Anti-Fibrotic Drugs in Real Life in Greece
    Georgia Kourlaba, Stylianos Ravanidis, Garyfallia Stefanou, Konstantinos Mathioudakis, Anastasios Tsolakidis, Dimitrios Zografopoulos
    Advances in Respiratory Medicine.2026; 94(1): 6.     CrossRef
  • Reasons for delayed medical treatment among cholelithiasis patients: a qualitative study based on the health belief model
    Min Jiang, Yajie Shi, Jiao Liu, Yan Liu, Yanzhang Tian, Fang He
    BMC Health Services Research.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Can We Predict Older Adults’ Long-Term Healthy Behavior Maintenance? Identifying the Optimal Machine Learning Model
    HeSen Li, WeiCheng Pan, Hong Chen, YiZhuo Hou
    International Journal of Human–Computer Interactio.2026; 42(20): 17782.     CrossRef
  • Medication adherence trajectories and association with risk factors and clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes treatment
    Sara Mucherino, Valentina Orlando, Marcia Vervloet, Yvette Weesie, Liset van Dijk, Enrica Menditto, Yee Gary Ang
    PLOS One.2026; 21(2): e0342056.     CrossRef
  • Designing age-friendly interfaces and wearable–environment integrations to enhance medication adherence: a discrete choice experiment among older adults
    Jialin Qin, Zeyu Wu, Hao Zhang, Xiaopan Qi
    Frontiers in Medicine.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Psychosocial predictors of non-adherence to antihypertensive medication among Korean adults: A nationwide cross-sectional study
    Kunhee Han, Hwa Sun Kim, Young Lee, Chung-woo Lee, Muhammad Haroon Stanikzai
    PLOS One.2026; 21(3): e0345509.     CrossRef
  • Nurse-led interventions in enhancing outcomes for patients with tuberculosis: a scoping review
    Nita Arisanti Yulanda, Hidayat Arifin, Titan Ligita, Lestari Makmuriana, Alfi Syahri, Susanti Susanti, Komang Ardidhana Nugraha Putra, Andri Setiya Wahyudi, Somsak Thojampa, Tintin Sukartini
    Journal of Research in Nursing.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Bedside Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Techniques in Primary Care
    Meredith L.C. Williamson, Danielle L. Terry, Kaylee J. Jackson
    Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice.2026; 53(2): 251.     CrossRef
  • Mobile health apps for older adults: real-world evidence on engagement and medication adherence
    Elyssa Wiecek, Scott Taylor, Hugo Rourke, Fiona Hammond, Noelia Amador-Fernandez
    Frontiers in Digital Health.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Medication adherence in older adults with chronic diseases: a scoping review of barriers, facilitators, and effective interventions
    Doris Cardona-Arango, Valeria Santacruz-Restrepo, Alejandra Rendón-Montoya, Juliana Madrigal-Cadavid, Alejandra Segura-Cardona, Jorge Iván Estrada-Acevedo
    Frontiers in Aging.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A pilot feasibility study of a tablet-based virtual community application with shared avatars for promoting health behavior change in older adult care facilities
    Kenji Nakamura, Keiichi Yamazaki, Akiko Yamazaki, Yoshiaki Ohyama
    Frontiers in Digital Health.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Chrono-modulated drug delivery systems for oncology: Mechanisms, translational evidence, and pharmaceutical innovations
    Santoshini Nayak, Rajat Kumar Kar, Prasanta Kumar Biswal, Ranjit Prasad Swain, Snehamayee Mohapatra
    Chronobiology International.2026; 43(11): 1728.     CrossRef
  • Medication Adherence Interventions for Older Adults: A National Mixed‐Methods Study of Implementation Across Italian Healthcare Settings
    Sara Mucherino, Luca Pasina, Manuela Casula, Monia Donati, Carlotta Lunghi, Elena Olmastroni, Valentina Orlando, Emanuel Raschi, Stefano Scotti, Marco Salluzzo, Elisabetta Poluzzi, Alessandro Nobili, Enrica Menditto
    Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Yaşlılarda ilaç uyumunun geliştirilmesine yönelik stratejiler
    Soner Mete, Kamuran Özdil
    Mersin Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi.2026; 19(2): 415.     CrossRef
  • Confronting finitude and treatment adherence in older adults with chronic diseases: a qualitative study
    Leovaldo Alcântara, Luís Midão, Elísio Costa, Constança Paúl
    BMC Geriatrics.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Adherencia terapéutica en pacientes con hipertensión arterial en segundo nivel de atención
    Vidal Marcelino Villanueva Pérez, Daniel Canaán Pérez, Diego Sánchez Rodríguez
    REDSA Revista Ecuatoriana de Desarrollo Social y A.2026; 1(3): 268.     CrossRef
  • Medication adherence in older people: Predictors and strategies for improvement
    Vladimir Petković, Jelena Horvat, Svitlica Brestovački
    Timocki medicinski glasnik.2025; 50(1-2): 32.     CrossRef
  • Educational intervention for mental health and health behaviors in elderly Iranian women randomized controlled trial
    Razieh Asadi, Mahin Nazari, Abdolrahim Asadollahi, Narges Mobasheri
    Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Religious, Belief Medication, and Adherence Among Elderly with Chronic Diseases: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study in Papua, Indonesia
    AZ Izzah, DA Perwitasari, ES Sinaga, FE Appa, EI Sianturi
    Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice.2025; 28(11): 1269.     CrossRef
  • EXAMINING PRESCRIPTION DRUG USE AND HEALTH CARE ACCESS AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN RURAL AREAS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY BASED ON THE HEALTH BELIEF MODEL
    Yağmur ÖZKAYA, Büşra DEMİR ÇETİNKAYA, Gülden HAKVERDİ, Eyüp Can POLAT, Gülbin ÖZÇELİKAY
    Turkish Journal of Geriatrics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Health Behavior Change to Mitigate Dementia Risk: An Updated Review
    Victoria Sanborn, Jennifer D. Davis, Laura E. Korthauer
    Current Geriatrics Reports.2024; 13(3): 162.     CrossRef
  • Relationship Between Depression and Medication Adherence Among Chronic Disease Patients in the Middle East
    Abdulrahman O Alomar, Rakan H Khushaim, Shahad K Al-Ghanem, Abeer T Bin Jumaiah, Suhail M Albaqami, Lujain A Alleft, Eman A Abahussain
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Development and Preliminary Psychometric Testing of a Brief Tool to Measure Medication Adherence in Older Populations
    Paolo Iovino, Paola Obbia, Vincenzo De Luca, Clara Donnoli, Lola Patumi, Lisa Leonardini, Ernesto Palummeri, Manuela Ruatta, Anna Basso, Yari Longobucco, Laura Rasero, Giuseppe Liotta, Maddalena Illario
    Clinical Interventions in Aging.2024; Volume 19: 1765.     CrossRef
  • 29,628 View
  • 652 Download
  • 22 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Original Articles

Behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy for relapse prevention in abstinent smokers: a rapid review and meta-analysis for the Korea Preventive Service Task Force
Naae Lee, Eon Sook Lee, Jae Moon Yun, Cheol Min Lee, Seung-Won Oh, Younglee Choi, Belong Cho
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2021;12(4):244-253.
Published online July 6, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0017
Objectives
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of relapse prevention interventions involving behavioral and pharmacological treatment among abstinent smokers.
Methods
This rapid review was conducted using MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, Embase, KMbase, and KoreaMed to identify studies published until June 20, 2020. The participants were abstinent smokers who quit smoking on their own, due to pregnancy, hospitalization, or by participating in a smoking cessation program. We found a systematic review that fit the objective of this study and included 81 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Studies that did not present information on smoking cessation status, had no control group, or used reward-based interventions were excluded. Random effect and fixed effect meta-analyses were used to estimate the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). In subgroup analyses, differences between subgroups were verified based on the participant setting, characteristics, intervention type, and intensity.
Results
Following screening, 44 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. The review reported no differences in the success rate of relapse prevention between the behavioral interventions. Pharmacotherapy interventions showed higher success rates (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05−1.26; <i>I</i><sup>2</sup>=40.71%), depending on prior abstinence duration and the drug type. Conclusions: The results indicated that pharmacotherapy has a significant effect on preventing relapse among abstinent smokers.

Citations

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  • Hippocampal mtDNA depletion promotes nicotine addiction by suppressing mitochondrial biogenesis through oxidative stress
    Shuhong Zhang, Hongjuan Wang, Guanglin Liu, Huan Chen, Hongwei Hou
    Neurobiology of Disease.2026; 222: 107353.     CrossRef
  • Knowledge user involvement is still uncommon in published rapid reviews—a meta-research cross-sectional study
    Barbara Nussbaumer-Streit, Dominic Ledinger, Christina Kien, Irma Klerings, Emma Persad, Andrea Chapman, Claus Nowak, Arianna Gadinger, Lisa Affengruber, Maureen Smith, Gerald Gartlehner, Ursula Griebler
    Research Synthesis Methods.2025; 16(6): 876.     CrossRef
  • A Survey of the Clinical Practice of Korean Medicine for Smoking Cessation in Public Health Centers: A Web-Based Survey of Public Health Doctors of Korean Medicine
    Gyoungeun Park, Jeong-Hyun Moon, Eun-Jung Kim, Byung-Kwan Seo, Yong-Hyeon Baek, Won-Suk Sung
    Perspectives on Integrative Medicine.2024; 3(1): 45.     CrossRef
  • 10,535 View
  • 127 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Behavioral interventions for smoking cessation among adolescents: a rapid review and meta-analysis for the Korea Preventive Services Task Force
Younglee Choi, Cheol Min Lee, Belong Cho, Eon Sook Lee, Seung-Won Oh, Naae Lee, Jae Moon Yun
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2021;12(3):177-186.
Published online June 2, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0018
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of behavioral smoking cessation interventions among adolescents.
Methods
MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Embase, CINAHL, KoreaMed, and KMbase were searched from inception to June 2020. Systematic reviews (SRs) or meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were initially searched to perform a rapid SR. After selecting the final SR, RCTs after the publication year of the selected SR were searched. The primary outcome was smoking status after at least 6 months of follow-up, and the secondary outcome was smoking status at 4 weeks. Two reviewers independently assessed the selected studies’ quality using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The meta-analysis utilized a Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effect model reporting the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The subgroup analysis utilized Cochrane’s Q.
Results
Thirty-two RCTs (11,637 participants) from a single SR were meta-analyzed. After 6 months of follow-up, the intervention group had significantly higher abstinence rates (RR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.20−1.41; I2=26.46%). At 4 weeks of follow-up, the intervention group also had significantly higher abstinence rates (RR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.49–2.47; I2=0.00%). The subgroup analysis indicated a significant difference in the abstinence rate according to the study setting and the period between intervention completion and follow-up.
Conclusion
This review showed that adolescent behavioral smoking cessation intervention programs significantly increased abstinence rates compared to the usual care.

Citations

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Review Article

<p>This review compared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) laboratory findings, comorbidities, and clinical outcomes in patients from the general population versus medical staff to aid diagnosis of COVID-19 in a more timely, efficient, and accurate way. Electronic databases were searched up to 23<sup>rd</sup> March, 2020. The initial search yielded 6,527 studies. Following screening, 24 studies were included [18 studies (11,564 cases) of confirmed COVID-19 cases in the general public, and 6 studies (394 cases) in medical staff] in this review. Significant differences were observed in white blood cell counts (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001), lymphocyte counts (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001), platelet counts (<italic>p</italic> = 0.04), procalcitonin levels (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001), lactate dehydrogenase levels (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001), and creatinine levels (<italic>p</italic> = 0.03) when comparing infected medical staff with the general public. The mortality rate was higher in the general population than in medical staff (8% versus 2%). This review showed that during the early stages of COVID-19, laboratory findings alone may not be significant predictors of infection and may just accompany increasing C-reactive protein levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, and lactate dehydrogenase levels. In the symptomatic stage, the lymphocyte and platelet counts tended to decrease. Elevated D-dimer fibrin degradation product was associated with poor prognosis.</p>

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Original Articles
Epidemiological and Clinical Features of People with Malta Fever in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Mahmood Moosazadeh, Roja Nikaeen, Ghasem Abedi, Motahareh Kheradmand, Saeid Safiri
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2016;7(3):157-167.
Published online June 30, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.04.009
Objectives
Numerous studies have reported the epidemiological and clinical features of Malta fever incidence in Iran. Review and synthesis of the related literature through meta-analysis can provide an appropriate measurement for aforementioned indices. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the epidemiological and clinical features of people with Malta fever in Iran.
Methods
The required documents were obtained through searching national and international databases. In each study, standard deviation of the indices was calculated using binomial distribution formulas. Finally, the heterogeneity index was determined between studies using Cochran (Q) and <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> tests.
Results
Combining the results of 47 articles in the meta-analysis indicated that 57.6% (55.02–60.1%) and 42.3% (49.8–44.9%) of the patients were male and female, respectively. Most of the patients lived in rural areas; 68.4% (63.6–73.2%) compared to 31.4% (26.7–36.3%). In addition, 20.8% (17.4–24.2%) of the patients were ranchers and farmers, 16.9% (14.5–19.4%) were students, and 31.6% (27–36.2%) were housewives. Of the patients studies, 50.5% (35.6–65.2%) experienced contact with animals and 57.1% (46.4–67.9%) used unpasteurized dairy products. Fever, joint pain, and sweating were detected among 65.7% (53.7–77.8%) and 55.3% (44.4–66.2%), respectively.
Conclusion
The present study revealed that the frequency of male patients with brucellosis was considerably more than that of female patients. The number of patients with Malta fever in rural areas was significantly more than in urban areas. High-risk behavior, unprotected contact with animals, and using unpasteurized dairy products were among the most significant factors affecting Malta fever incidence in Iran. Fever, joint pain, and sweating were detected among most of the patients with Malta fever.

Citations

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  • Epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in non-occupational population in Zhejiang Province, China, 2018–2024: epidemic trend and infection analysis
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  • Differences analysis between spinal tuberculosis and brucella spondylitis with preoperative non-invasive differential diagnosis
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Exposure to Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and the Risk of Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Jae-Hong Park, Eun Shil Cha, Yousun Ko, Myung-Sil Hwang, Jin-Hwan Hong, Won Jin Lee
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2014;5(2):77-84.
Published online April 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2014.02.001
Objectives
This study extended and updated a meta-analysis of the association between exposure to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and the risk of breast cancer.
Methods
We reviewed the published literature on exposure to DDE and breast cancer risk to update a meta-analysis from 2004. The total of 35 studies included 16 hospital-based case–control studies, 11 population-based case–control studies, and 10 nested case–control studies identified through keyword searches in the PubMed and EMBASE databases.
Results
The summary odds ratio (OR) for the identified studies was 1.03 (95% confidence interval 0.95–1.12) and the overall heterogeneity in the OR was observed (<i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 40.9; <i>p</i> = 0.006). Subgroup meta-analyses indicated no significant association between exposure to DDE and breast cancer risk by the type of design, study years, biological specimen, and geographical region of the study, except from population-based case–control studies with estimated DDE levels in serum published in 1990s.
Conclusion
Existing studies do not support the view that DDE increases the risk of breast cancer in humans. However, further studies incorporating more detailed information on DDT exposure and other potential risk factors for breast cancer are needed.

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Obesity and Asian Americans in the United States: Systematic Literature Review
Sanggon Nam
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2013;4(4):187-193.
Published online August 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2013.06.001
Objectives
Obesity is one of the most serious health problems in the world today. Asian Americans are usually less overweight and obese than African Americans and Hispanic Americans, but the rate of obesity in Asian Americans is still increasing, especially in younger generations. This research examines Asian American obesity using existing research, as a means of finding the need for greater emphasis on Asian American obesity intervention research.
Methods
In this research literature review, Asian American obesity using existing research as a means of finding the need for greater emphasis on Asian American obesity intervention research is examined. A systematic review is done in order to find Asian American obesity research, due to the minimal amount of existing studies. In total, there were only nine papers which were not duplicates and which still met the criteria for inclusion, from an initial 106 papers.
Results
There is very little research on obesity in Asian Americans. Although the rate of obesity among Asian Americans is increasing, there are few related articles, projects, and surveys, and there is little information. There is a need for more specific and in-depth analysis of Asian American obesity. Asian Americans are associated with a lower waist circumference (WC) and BMI, while Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders are associated with a higher WC and BMI. Typically, Asian Americans who were born in the United States (US) tend to be overweight and more obese than those born in foreign countries.
Conclusion
Based on this literature review, it is concluded that there is a shortage of Asian American obesity research, even though there is an evident need for particular obesity intervention programs that target Asian Americans.

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