<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors involved in the success of smoking cessation in heavy smokers enrolled in an intensive care smoking cessation camp program.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Heavy smokers enrolled in the program were classified into a success (<italic>n</italic> = 69) or failure (<italic>n</italic> = 29) group, according to whether they maintained smoking cessation for 6 months after the end of the program. Demographics, smoking behaviors, and smoking cessation-related characteristics were analyzed.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>Statistically significantly more participants in the success group had a spouse (98.6%; <italic>p</italic> = 0.008) compared with participants in the failure group (82.8%). However, multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that having a spouse was not an independent factor in smoking cessation (<italic>p</italic> = 0.349). A significant difference in the frequency of counseling between the success and failure groups was observed (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001), with 72.5% of those who received counseling on 3–5 occasions for 6 months after the end of program successfully quit smoking, indicating that those who received more counseling had a higher likelihood of smoking cessation success. This was confirmed as an independent factor by multivariate logistic regression (<italic>p</italic> < 0.005). Furthermore, a graduate school level of education or higher, indicated a statistically greater success rate compared to those that were less well educated (<italic>p</italic> = 0.043). This was also observed as a significant independent factor using multivariate logistic regression (<italic>p</italic> = 0.046).</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Education level, marital status, and the number of counseling sessions were significant factors contributing to smoking cessation success.</p></sec>
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