aDepartment of Health Administration, Jungwon University, Goesan, Korea
bDepartment of Healthcare Management, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Korea
Copyright ©2017, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Variable | Subject | LOS (day) | t or F | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Male | 2,184,622 (55.49) | 12.38 ± 16.75 | 26.070 | < 0.001 |
Female | 1,752,579 (44.51) | 11.91 ± 19.12 | |||
Age (y) | ≤ 18 | 74,489 (1.89) | 12.38 ± 20.09 | 1,236.094 | < 0.001 |
19–44 | 502,732 (12.77) | 10.87 ± 24.94 | |||
45–64 | 1,726,882 (43.86) | 11.99 ± 16.62 | |||
65–74 | 1,045,095 (26.54) | 12.56 ± 16.38 | |||
≥ 75 | 588,003 (14.93) | 13.10 ± 16.06 | |||
Insurance | National Health Insurance | 3,547,295 (90.10) | 11.69 ± 15.80 | 8,838.533 | < 0.001 |
Type-1 Medicaida | 338,949 (8.61) | 16.75 ± 31.60 | |||
Type-2 Medicaida | 23,379 (0.59) | 15.94 ± 20.33 | |||
Others | 27,578 (0.70) | 14.28 ± 20.47 | |||
Admission route | Emergency | 856,972 (21.77) | 16.14 ± 20.93 | 27,920.817 | < 0.001 |
Outpatient | 3,070,684 (77.99) | 11.09 ± 16.73 | |||
Others | 9,546 (0.24) | 14.00 ± 20.87 | |||
Treatment outcome | Improved | 3,288,385 (83.52) | 11.09 ± 13.68 | 66,826.383 | < 0.001 |
Not improved | 284,206 (7.22) | 9.10 ± 15.70 | |||
Death | 344,288 (8.74) | 24.64 ± 38.04 | |||
Others | 20,321 (0.52) | 18.22 ± 21.19 | |||
Disposition | Return-home | 3,399,643 (86.35) | 10.85 ± 13.51 | 65,702.037 | < 0.001 |
Other hospital | 181,694 (4.61) | 13.42 ± 19.94 | |||
Death | 344,288 (8.74) | 24.64 ± 38.04 | |||
Others | 11,576 (0.29) | 11.30 ± 13.95 | |||
Hospital location | Seoul, Gyeonggi, Incheon | 2,052,080 (52.12) | 11.45 ± 15.76 | 2,616.644 | < 0.001 |
Chungcheong | 344,317 (8.75) | 12.85 ± 17.62 | |||
Jeolla | 378,038 (9.60) | 12.16 ± 15.12 | |||
Gyeongsang | 933,180 (23.70) | 13.65 ± 22.89 | |||
Gangwon, Jeju | 229,586 (5.83) | 11.59 ± 15.93 | |||
Number of beds | 100–299 | 503,394 (12.79) | 13.79 ± 19.29 | 6,301.467 | < 0.001 |
300–499 | 554,192 (14.08) | 12.73 ± 16.63 | |||
500–999 | 1,849,587 (46.98) | 12.67 ± 19.44 | |||
≥ 1,000 | 1,030,028 (26.16) | 10.19 ± 14.21 | |||
Total | 3,937,201 (100.00) | 12.17 ± 17.84 |
Values are presented as number (%) or mean ± standard deviation.
aKorea is eligible for medical assistance if the beneficiary (including foreign nationals) as defined in the National Basic Living Security Act.
Type 1 is fully exempted at the time of admission and Type 2 is responsible for 10% of the cost of care.
Variable | Operation | x2 (p) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||
Sex | Male | 599,057 (27.42) | 1,585,565 (72.58) | 84,663.673 (< 0.001) |
Female | 724,889 (41.36) | 1,027,691 (58.64) | ||
Age (y) | ≤ 18 | 11,681 (15.68) | 62,808 (84.32) | 137,325.162 (< 0.001) |
19–44 | 252,880 (50.30) | 249,853 (49.70) | ||
45–64 | 638,673 (36.98) | 1,088,209 (63.02) | ||
65–74 | 298,164 (28.53) | 746,930 (71.47) | ||
≥ 75 | 122,548 (20.84) | 465,455 (79.16) | ||
Insurance | National Health Insurance | 1242,314 (35.02) | 2,304,981 (64.98) | 33,191.483 (< 0.001) |
Type-1 Medicaida | 66,735 (19.69) | 272,214 (80.31) | ||
Type-2 Medicaida | 7,501 (32.08) | 15,878 (67.92) | ||
Others | 7,396 (26.82) | 20,182 (73.18) | ||
Admission route | Emergency | 102,444 (11.95) | 754,528 (88.05) | 230,475.332 (< 0.001) |
Outpatient | 1,217,024 (39.63) | 1,853,660 (60.37) | ||
Others | 4,478 (46.91) | 5,068 (53.09) | ||
Treatment outcome | Improved | 1,292,748 (39.31) | 1,995,638 (60.69) | 289,492.347 (< 0.001) |
Not improved | 9,763 (3.44) | 274,443 (96.56) | ||
Death | 20,036 (5.82) | 324,253 (94.18) | ||
Others | 1,399 (6.89) | 18,922 (93.11) | ||
Disposition | Return-home | 1,291,218 (37.98) | 2,108,424 (62.02) | 211,570.745 (< 0.001) |
Other hospital | 11,831 (6.51) | 169,863 (93.49) | ||
Death | 20,036 (5.82) | 324,253 (94.18) | ||
Others | 860 (7.43) | 10,716 (92.57) | ||
Hospital location | Seoul, Gyeonggi, Incheon | 796,089 (38.79) | 1,255,991 (61.21) | 62,973.989 (< 0.001) |
Chungcheong | 96,338 (27.98) | 247,979 (72.02) | ||
Jeolla | 126,762 (33.53) | 251,276 (66.47) | ||
Gyeongsang | 258,692 (27.72) | 674,489 (72.28) | ||
Gangwon, Jeju | 46,065 (20.06) | 183,521 (79.94) | ||
Number of beds | 100–299 | 65,967 (13.10) | 43,7427 (86.90) | 154,992.835 (< 0.001) |
300–499 | 147,578 (26.63) | 406,614 (73.37) | ||
500–999 | 663,952 (35.90) | 1,185,635 (64.10) | ||
≥ 1,000 | 446,449 (43.34) | 583,579 (56.66) | ||
Total | 1,323,946 (33.63) | 2,613,255 (66.37) |
Variable | Mortality | x2 (p) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||
Sex | Male | 216,830 (9.93) | 1,967,792 (90.07) | 8,575.234 (< 0.001) |
Female | 127,458 (7.27) | 1,625,121 (92.73) | ||
Age (y) | ≤ 18 | 2,469 (3.32) | 72,019 (96.68) | 38,114.345 (< 0.001) |
19–44 | 25,366 (5.05) | 477,366 (94.95) | ||
45–64 | 132,513 (7.67) | 1,594,369 (92.33) | ||
65–74 | 99,310 (9.5) | 945,785 (90.5) | ||
≥ 75 | 84,630 (14.39) | 503,373 (85.61) | ||
Insurance | National Health Insurance | 296,936 (8.37) | 3,250,359 (91.63) | 6,639.601 (< 0.001) |
Type-1 Medicaida | 42,129 (12.43) | 296,820 (87.57) | ||
Type-2 Medicaida | 2,068 (8.85) | 21,311 (91.15) | ||
Others | 3,155 (11.44) | 24,423 (88.56) | ||
Admission route | Emergency | 200,659 (23.41) | 656,312 (76.59) | 295,435.605 (< 0.001) |
Outpatient | 143,196 (4.66) | 2,927,488 (95.34) | ||
Others | 433 (4.54) | 9,113 (95.46) | ||
Treatment outcome | Improved | - | 3,288,385 (100) | NA |
Not improved | - | 284,206 (100) | ||
Death | 344,288 (100) | - | ||
Others | - | 20,321 (100) | ||
Disposition | Return-home | - | 3,399,643 (100) | NA |
Other hospital | - | 181,694 (100) | ||
Death | 344,288 (100) | - | ||
Others | - | 11,576 (100) | ||
Hospital location | Seoul, Gyeonggi, Incheon | 142,514 (6.94) | 1,909,567 (93.06) | 19,504.613 (< 0.001) |
Chungcheong | 36,910 (10.72) | 307,407 (89.28) | ||
Jeolla | 33,833 (8.95) | 344,205 (91.05) | ||
Gyeongsang | 106,813 (11.45) | 826,368 (88.55) | ||
Gangwon, Jeju | 24,220 (10.55) | 205,367 (89.45) | ||
Number of beds | 100–299 | 95,053 (18.88) | 408,341 (81.12) | 113,499.359 (< 0.001) |
300–499 | 72,310 (13.05) | 481,882 (86.95) | ||
500–999 | 138,174 (7.47) | 1,711,413 (92.53) | ||
≥ 1,000 | 38,752 (3.76) | 991,276 (96.24) | ||
Total | 344,288 (8.74) | 3,592,913 (91.26) |
Values are presented as number (%).
NA, not available.
aKorea is eligible for medical assistance if the beneficiary (including foreign nationals) as defined in the National Basic Living Security Act.
Type 1 is fully exempted at the time of admission and Type 2 is responsible for 10% of the cost of care.
Variable | Subject | LOS (day) | t or F | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Male | 2,184,622 (55.49) | 12.38 ± 16.75 | 26.070 | < 0.001 |
Female | 1,752,579 (44.51) | 11.91 ± 19.12 | |||
Age (y) | ≤ 18 | 74,489 (1.89) | 12.38 ± 20.09 | 1,236.094 | < 0.001 |
19–44 | 502,732 (12.77) | 10.87 ± 24.94 | |||
45–64 | 1,726,882 (43.86) | 11.99 ± 16.62 | |||
65–74 | 1,045,095 (26.54) | 12.56 ± 16.38 | |||
≥ 75 | 588,003 (14.93) | 13.10 ± 16.06 | |||
Insurance | National Health Insurance | 3,547,295 (90.10) | 11.69 ± 15.80 | 8,838.533 | < 0.001 |
Type-1 Medicaid | 338,949 (8.61) | 16.75 ± 31.60 | |||
Type-2 Medicaid | 23,379 (0.59) | 15.94 ± 20.33 | |||
Others | 27,578 (0.70) | 14.28 ± 20.47 | |||
Admission route | Emergency | 856,972 (21.77) | 16.14 ± 20.93 | 27,920.817 | < 0.001 |
Outpatient | 3,070,684 (77.99) | 11.09 ± 16.73 | |||
Others | 9,546 (0.24) | 14.00 ± 20.87 | |||
Treatment outcome | Improved | 3,288,385 (83.52) | 11.09 ± 13.68 | 66,826.383 | < 0.001 |
Not improved | 284,206 (7.22) | 9.10 ± 15.70 | |||
Death | 344,288 (8.74) | 24.64 ± 38.04 | |||
Others | 20,321 (0.52) | 18.22 ± 21.19 | |||
Disposition | Return-home | 3,399,643 (86.35) | 10.85 ± 13.51 | 65,702.037 | < 0.001 |
Other hospital | 181,694 (4.61) | 13.42 ± 19.94 | |||
Death | 344,288 (8.74) | 24.64 ± 38.04 | |||
Others | 11,576 (0.29) | 11.30 ± 13.95 | |||
Hospital location | Seoul, Gyeonggi, Incheon | 2,052,080 (52.12) | 11.45 ± 15.76 | 2,616.644 | < 0.001 |
Chungcheong | 344,317 (8.75) | 12.85 ± 17.62 | |||
Jeolla | 378,038 (9.60) | 12.16 ± 15.12 | |||
Gyeongsang | 933,180 (23.70) | 13.65 ± 22.89 | |||
Gangwon, Jeju | 229,586 (5.83) | 11.59 ± 15.93 | |||
Number of beds | 100–299 | 503,394 (12.79) | 13.79 ± 19.29 | 6,301.467 | < 0.001 |
300–499 | 554,192 (14.08) | 12.73 ± 16.63 | |||
500–999 | 1,849,587 (46.98) | 12.67 ± 19.44 | |||
≥ 1,000 | 1,030,028 (26.16) | 10.19 ± 14.21 | |||
Total | 3,937,201 (100.00) | 12.17 ± 17.84 |
Region | Year | Total | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||
Seoul | 82,378 | 58,823 | 64,750 | 68,436 | 74,823 | 76,373 | 89,738 | 90,480 | 85,805 | 691,606 |
Busan | 45,895 | 40,513 | 29,137 | 27,854 | 28,966 | 22,992 | 24,096 | 25,055 | 22,759 | 267,267 |
Daegu | 22,796 | 16,338 | 16,241 | 15,779 | 17,181 | 19,373 | 15,508 | 14,738 | 14,819 | 152,773 |
Incheon | 21,877 | 18,819 | 15,681 | 22,995 | 25,048 | 30,213 | 35,975 | 30,738 | 33,470 | 234,816 |
Gwangju | 7,978 | 6,319 | 11,352 | 10,240 | 11,695 | 13,225 | 13,436 | 13,789 | 14,797 | 102,831 |
Daejeon | 10,296 | 10,389 | 11,320 | 15,629 | 11,399 | 11,024 | 11,686 | 13,373 | 11,227 | 106,343 |
Ulsan | 14,625 | 10,138 | 10,591 | 11,347 | 12,378 | 11,332 | 10,287 | 10,953 | 11,860 | 103,511 |
Gyeonggi | 75,738 | 57,274 | 57,843 | 64,715 | 69,748 | 82,754 | 84,388 | 87,850 | 90,023 | 670,333 |
Gangwon | 12,582 | 9,945 | 9,819 | 13,234 | 17,357 | 22,962 | 26,006 | 27,637 | 26,273 | 165,815 |
Chungbuk | 11,276 | 10,021 | 12,103 | 20,840 | 19,910 | 22,876 | 26,463 | 26,037 | 28,167 | 177,693 |
Chungnam | 19,634 | 16,454 | 16,222 | 18,960 | 18,352 | 21,984 | 21,568 | 25,803 | 26,942 | 185,919 |
Chonbuk | 18,577 | 17,034 | 16,261 | 18,718 | 17,876 | 17,902 | 18,615 | 18,214 | 17,879 | 161,076 |
Chonnam | 21,185 | 17,373 | 23,122 | 24,429 | 23,795 | 23,527 | 26,487 | 28,164 | 26,619 | 214,701 |
Gyeongbuk | 31,989 | 25,235 | 25,582 | 26,317 | 26,567 | 30,529 | 27,690 | 29,113 | 26,388 | 249,410 |
Gyeongnam | 51,015 | 40,840 | 36,540 | 35,947 | 36,059 | 33,637 | 33,086 | 38,143 | 35,331 | 340,598 |
Jeju | 6,629 | 4,128 | 5,975 | 16,005 | 12,568 | 13,140 | 14,167 | 16,878 | 15,917 | 105,407 |
Unknown | 1,443 | 518 | 381 | 466 | 148 | 560 | 830 | 937 | 1,819 | 7,102 |
Total | 455,913 | 360,161 | 362,920 | 411,911 | 423,870 | 454,403 | 480,026 | 497,902 | 490,093 | 3,937,201 |
Variable | Operation | x2 (p) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||
Sex | Male | 599,057 (27.42) | 1,585,565 (72.58) | 84,663.673 (< 0.001) |
Female | 724,889 (41.36) | 1,027,691 (58.64) | ||
Age (y) | ≤ 18 | 11,681 (15.68) | 62,808 (84.32) | 137,325.162 (< 0.001) |
19–44 | 252,880 (50.30) | 249,853 (49.70) | ||
45–64 | 638,673 (36.98) | 1,088,209 (63.02) | ||
65–74 | 298,164 (28.53) | 746,930 (71.47) | ||
≥ 75 | 122,548 (20.84) | 465,455 (79.16) | ||
Insurance | National Health Insurance | 1242,314 (35.02) | 2,304,981 (64.98) | 33,191.483 (< 0.001) |
Type-1 Medicaid | 66,735 (19.69) | 272,214 (80.31) | ||
Type-2 Medicaid | 7,501 (32.08) | 15,878 (67.92) | ||
Others | 7,396 (26.82) | 20,182 (73.18) | ||
Admission route | Emergency | 102,444 (11.95) | 754,528 (88.05) | 230,475.332 (< 0.001) |
Outpatient | 1,217,024 (39.63) | 1,853,660 (60.37) | ||
Others | 4,478 (46.91) | 5,068 (53.09) | ||
Treatment outcome | Improved | 1,292,748 (39.31) | 1,995,638 (60.69) | 289,492.347 (< 0.001) |
Not improved | 9,763 (3.44) | 274,443 (96.56) | ||
Death | 20,036 (5.82) | 324,253 (94.18) | ||
Others | 1,399 (6.89) | 18,922 (93.11) | ||
Disposition | Return-home | 1,291,218 (37.98) | 2,108,424 (62.02) | 211,570.745 (< 0.001) |
Other hospital | 11,831 (6.51) | 169,863 (93.49) | ||
Death | 20,036 (5.82) | 324,253 (94.18) | ||
Others | 860 (7.43) | 10,716 (92.57) | ||
Hospital location | Seoul, Gyeonggi, Incheon | 796,089 (38.79) | 1,255,991 (61.21) | 62,973.989 (< 0.001) |
Chungcheong | 96,338 (27.98) | 247,979 (72.02) | ||
Jeolla | 126,762 (33.53) | 251,276 (66.47) | ||
Gyeongsang | 258,692 (27.72) | 674,489 (72.28) | ||
Gangwon, Jeju | 46,065 (20.06) | 183,521 (79.94) | ||
Number of beds | 100–299 | 65,967 (13.10) | 43,7427 (86.90) | 154,992.835 (< 0.001) |
300–499 | 147,578 (26.63) | 406,614 (73.37) | ||
500–999 | 663,952 (35.90) | 1,185,635 (64.10) | ||
≥ 1,000 | 446,449 (43.34) | 583,579 (56.66) | ||
Total | 1,323,946 (33.63) | 2,613,255 (66.37) |
Variable | Mortality | x2 (p) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||
Sex | Male | 216,830 (9.93) | 1,967,792 (90.07) | 8,575.234 (< 0.001) |
Female | 127,458 (7.27) | 1,625,121 (92.73) | ||
Age (y) | ≤ 18 | 2,469 (3.32) | 72,019 (96.68) | 38,114.345 (< 0.001) |
19–44 | 25,366 (5.05) | 477,366 (94.95) | ||
45–64 | 132,513 (7.67) | 1,594,369 (92.33) | ||
65–74 | 99,310 (9.5) | 945,785 (90.5) | ||
≥ 75 | 84,630 (14.39) | 503,373 (85.61) | ||
Insurance | National Health Insurance | 296,936 (8.37) | 3,250,359 (91.63) | 6,639.601 (< 0.001) |
Type-1 Medicaid | 42,129 (12.43) | 296,820 (87.57) | ||
Type-2 Medicaid | 2,068 (8.85) | 21,311 (91.15) | ||
Others | 3,155 (11.44) | 24,423 (88.56) | ||
Admission route | Emergency | 200,659 (23.41) | 656,312 (76.59) | 295,435.605 (< 0.001) |
Outpatient | 143,196 (4.66) | 2,927,488 (95.34) | ||
Others | 433 (4.54) | 9,113 (95.46) | ||
Treatment outcome | Improved | - | 3,288,385 (100) | NA |
Not improved | - | 284,206 (100) | ||
Death | 344,288 (100) | - | ||
Others | - | 20,321 (100) | ||
Disposition | Return-home | - | 3,399,643 (100) | NA |
Other hospital | - | 181,694 (100) | ||
Death | 344,288 (100) | - | ||
Others | - | 11,576 (100) | ||
Hospital location | Seoul, Gyeonggi, Incheon | 142,514 (6.94) | 1,909,567 (93.06) | 19,504.613 (< 0.001) |
Chungcheong | 36,910 (10.72) | 307,407 (89.28) | ||
Jeolla | 33,833 (8.95) | 344,205 (91.05) | ||
Gyeongsang | 106,813 (11.45) | 826,368 (88.55) | ||
Gangwon, Jeju | 24,220 (10.55) | 205,367 (89.45) | ||
Number of beds | 100–299 | 95,053 (18.88) | 408,341 (81.12) | 113,499.359 (< 0.001) |
300–499 | 72,310 (13.05) | 481,882 (86.95) | ||
500–999 | 138,174 (7.47) | 1,711,413 (92.53) | ||
≥ 1,000 | 38,752 (3.76) | 991,276 (96.24) | ||
Total | 344,288 (8.74) | 3,592,913 (91.26) |
Values are presented as number (%) or mean ± standard deviation. Korea is eligible for medical assistance if the beneficiary (including foreign nationals) as defined in the National Basic Living Security Act. Type 1 is fully exempted at the time of admission and Type 2 is responsible for 10% of the cost of care.
Values are presented as number (%). Korea is eligible for medical assistance if the beneficiary (including foreign nationals) as defined in the National Basic Living Security Act. Type 1 is fully exempted at the time of admission and Type 2 is responsible for 10% of the cost of care.
Values are presented as number (%). NA, not available. Korea is eligible for medical assistance if the beneficiary (including foreign nationals) as defined in the National Basic Living Security Act. Type 1 is fully exempted at the time of admission and Type 2 is responsible for 10% of the cost of care.