Objectives
The resistance of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> to the recently available antibiotic treatment has been a growing problem. The aim of the study was to determine the quinolone-resistant strains and detect the presence of mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of the <i>gyrA</i>, <i>parE</i>, and <i>parC</i> genes. Methods
In this study, for the first time in Iran, the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used to investigate the presence of mutations at quinolone resistance-determining regions of topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase on 82 <i>S. pneumoniae</i> strains, among them 45 clinical samples were from patients and 37 from healthy carriers (control group). Results
In clinical samples, 34 (75.56%) strains contained mutations in the <i>parC</i> gene, 31 (68.89%) carried mutations in the <i>gyrA</i> gene, and 14 (31.11%) had <i>parE</i> gene mutations. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using the CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) criteria on three different generations of quinolone family, with nalidixic acid (82.22%) showing the highest resistance and levofloxacin (42.22%) the least resistance. Conclusion
Results indicated that there is a significant correlation between quinolone resistance development and mutations in the <i>parE</i> gene as well as in the <i>parC</i> and <i>gyrA</i> genes.
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