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Original Article

Waist Circumference and Spirometric Measurements in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives 2019;10(4):240-245.
Published online: July 31, 2019

aInflammatory Lung Disease Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

bDepartment of Internal Medicine, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

cRazi Clinical Research Development Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

*Corresponding author: Alireza Jafari, Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran, Email: dr.alireza.jafariii@gmail.com
• Received: April 29, 2019   • Revised: July 15, 2019   • Accepted: July 24, 2019

Copyright ©2019, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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Citations

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    Hygiene and sanitation.2023; 102(4): 328.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical S.2023; 9(4): 243.     CrossRef
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    Diagnostics.2022; 12(2): 299.     CrossRef
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    Indian Journal of Respiratory Care.2022; 11(4): 314.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of chronic bronchitis against a background of abdominal obesity in young people aged 25–44 in Novosibirsk
    Yu. I. Ragino, E. A. Kurtukov, D. V. Denisova, Ya. V. Polonskaya, L. V. Shcherbakova
    Bulletin of Siberian Medicine.2021; 20(1): 105.     CrossRef
  • Abdominal obesity and the level of markers of lower respiratory tract damage in patients with chronic bronchitis
    E.V. Kashtanova, Ya.V. Polonskaya, L.V. Scherbakova, I.I. Logvinenko, E.F. Kurtukov, D.V. Denisova, Yu.I. Ragino
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Waist Circumference and Spirometric Measurements in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2019;10(4):240-245.   Published online August 31, 2019
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Waist Circumference and Spirometric Measurements in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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Figure 1 Distribution chart of BMI (A) cigarette smoking (B), gold score (C), CAT score (D), and WC of patients with COPD. BMI = body mass index; CAT = COPD assessment test; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; WC = waist circumference.
Waist Circumference and Spirometric Measurements in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

The demographic characteristics of the patients with COPD.

Variable State N %
Gender Female 55 30.6
Male 125 69.4

Age group (y) < 50 27 15.0
51–60 39 21.7
61–70 64 35.6
> 70 50 27.8

BMI < 19 (underweight) 7 3.9
19–25 (healthy) 84 46.7
25–30 (overweight) 40 22.2
> 30 (obese) 49 27.2

WC* (cm) Normal 35 19.4
Overweight, obese 145 80.6

Cigarette smoking (pack/y) Yes 123 68.3
No 57 31.7

BMI = body mass index; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; WC = waist circumference.

*Normal WC in men: 78–94 cm, Normal WC in women: 64–80 cm, overweight WC in men: 94–102 cm, overweight WC in women: 80–88 cm, obese WC in men: ≥102 cm, obese WC in women: ≥88 cm.

Correlation of variables with waist circumference in patients with COPD*.

Variable WC
Spearman correlation p Correlation
Age (y) 0.027 0.721 No
BMI 0.723 < 0.001 Positive
Cigarette smoker 0.199 0.027 Positive
FEV1 0.108 0.150 No
FVC 0.106 0.156 No
FEV1/FVC −0.115 0.124 No
CAT score 0.161 0.031 Positive
Gold score 0.194 0.009 Positive
CRP 0.073 0.329 No
Systolic BP 0.080 0.285 No
Diastolic BP 0.009 0.908 No
FBS < 0.001 0.995 No
TG −0.026 0.731 No
HDL 0.014 0.853 No
Duration of disease (mo) 0.143 0.056 No

BMI = body mass index; BP = blood pressure; CAT = COPD assessment test; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP = C-reactive protein test; FBS = fasting blood sugar; FEV = forced expiratory volume; FVC = forced vital capacity; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; TG = triglyceride; WC = waist circumference.

*Spearman test.

Spirometric parameters and severity of patients with COPD in normal and overweight waist circumference.

Wrist circumference

Overweight WC Normal weight WC p


Mean % N Mean % N
I-mild 4.8 7 11.4 4 0.045 *
IIA-medium Gold scores 94.3 75.2 109 74.77 85.7 30
III-severe 16.6 24 2.9 1
IV-very severe 3.4 5 0 0

FEV1/FVC % 86.50 88.10 ± 78.56 9.107 74.8 ± 3.60 0.036

FEV1 88.13 71.0 ± 72.1 3.100 62.0 ± 83.1 0.215

FVC 87.19 18.1 ± 88.2 91.100 74.1 ± 27.3 0.118

FEV1 % 78.63 82.14 ± 34.62 2.90 9.10 ± 62.66 0.204

CAT 94.31 3.8 ± 99.18 70.74 65.5 ± 74.15 0.045

CAT = COPD assessment test; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV = forced expiratory volume; FVC = forced vital capacity; WC = waist circumference.

*“Fisher’s exact test” was used to compare the mean of overweight WC and normal weight WC in the severity of patients with COPD based on GOLD score. “Mann Whitney U test” was applied to compare non-parametric variables.

Ordinal logistic regression analysis of predictive factors for the severity of patients with COPD based on forced vital capacity (FVC).

Ordinal logistic regression CI (95%) OR OR *p SE Estimate
Upper Lower
WC (cm) 1.10 1.02 1.06 0.004 0.020 0.057

Age (y) 1.11 1.03 1.07 0.027 0.020 0.064

CRP 3.47 1.79 2.49 < 0.001 0.168 0.091

Systolic BP 1.08 1.00 1.04 0.056 0.021 0.039

TG 1.00 0.99 0.10 0.085 0.004 −0.007

Duration of disease (mo) 1.12 1.044 1.08 0.038 0.017 0.076

Men 22.62 3.08 8.36 < 0.001 0.508 2.123

Women - 1.00 - - -

BP = blood pressure; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP = C-reactive protein test; FVC = forced vital capacity; TG = triglyceride; WC = waist circumference.

Table 1 The demographic characteristics of the patients with COPD.

BMI = body mass index; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; WC = waist circumference.

Normal WC in men: 78–94 cm, Normal WC in women: 64–80 cm, overweight WC in men: 94–102 cm, overweight WC in women: 80–88 cm, obese WC in men: ≥102 cm, obese WC in women: ≥88 cm.

Table 2 Correlation of variables with waist circumference in patients with COPD*.

BMI = body mass index; BP = blood pressure; CAT = COPD assessment test; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP = C-reactive protein test; FBS = fasting blood sugar; FEV = forced expiratory volume; FVC = forced vital capacity; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; TG = triglyceride; WC = waist circumference.

Spearman test.

Table 3 Spirometric parameters and severity of patients with COPD in normal and overweight waist circumference.

CAT = COPD assessment test; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV = forced expiratory volume; FVC = forced vital capacity; WC = waist circumference.

“Fisher’s exact test” was used to compare the mean of overweight WC and normal weight WC in the severity of patients with COPD based on GOLD score. “Mann Whitney U test” was applied to compare non-parametric variables.

Table 4 Ordinal logistic regression analysis of predictive factors for the severity of patients with COPD based on forced vital capacity (FVC).

BP = blood pressure; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP = C-reactive protein test; FVC = forced vital capacity; TG = triglyceride; WC = waist circumference.