Figure 1
Distribution chart of BMI (A) cigarette smoking (B), gold score (C), CAT score (D), and WC of patients with COPD.
BMI = body mass index; CAT = COPD assessment test; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; WC = waist circumference.
Table 1The demographic characteristics of the patients with COPD.
Variable |
State |
N
|
% |
Gender |
Female |
55 |
30.6 |
Male |
125 |
69.4 |
|
Age group (y) |
< 50 |
27 |
15.0 |
51–60 |
39 |
21.7 |
61–70 |
64 |
35.6 |
> 70 |
50 |
27.8 |
|
BMI |
< 19 (underweight) |
7 |
3.9 |
19–25 (healthy) |
84 |
46.7 |
25–30 (overweight) |
40 |
22.2 |
> 30 (obese) |
49 |
27.2 |
|
WC* (cm) |
Normal |
35 |
19.4 |
Overweight, obese |
145 |
80.6 |
|
Cigarette smoking (pack/y) |
Yes |
123 |
68.3 |
No |
57 |
31.7 |
Table 2Correlation of variables with waist circumference in patients with COPD*.
Variable |
WC |
Spearman correlation |
p
|
Correlation |
Age (y) |
0.027 |
0.721 |
No |
BMI |
0.723 |
< 0.001 |
Positive |
Cigarette smoker |
0.199 |
0.027 |
Positive |
FEV1 |
0.108 |
0.150 |
No |
FVC |
0.106 |
0.156 |
No |
FEV1/FVC |
−0.115 |
0.124 |
No |
CAT score |
0.161 |
0.031 |
Positive |
Gold score |
0.194 |
0.009 |
Positive |
CRP |
0.073 |
0.329 |
No |
Systolic BP |
0.080 |
0.285 |
No |
Diastolic BP |
0.009 |
0.908 |
No |
FBS |
< 0.001 |
0.995 |
No |
TG |
−0.026 |
0.731 |
No |
HDL |
0.014 |
0.853 |
No |
Duration of disease (mo) |
0.143 |
0.056 |
No |
Table 3Spirometric parameters and severity of patients with COPD in normal and overweight waist circumference.
|
|
Wrist circumference |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Overweight WC |
Normal weight WC |
p
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mean |
% |
N
|
Mean |
% |
N
|
|
I-mild |
|
|
4.8 |
7 |
|
11.4 |
4 |
0.045 *
|
IIA-medium |
Gold scores |
94.3 |
75.2 |
109 |
74.77 |
85.7 |
30 |
|
III-severe |
|
|
16.6 |
24 |
|
2.9 |
1 |
|
IV-very severe |
|
|
3.4 |
5 |
|
0 |
0 |
|
|
FEV1/FVC % |
|
86.50 |
88.10 ± 78.56 |
9.107 |
74.8 ± 3.60 |
0.036 |
|
FEV1 |
|
88.13 |
71.0 ± 72.1 |
3.100 |
62.0 ± 83.1 |
0.215 |
|
FVC |
|
87.19 |
18.1 ± 88.2 |
91.100 |
74.1 ± 27.3 |
0.118 |
|
FEV1 % |
|
78.63 |
82.14 ± 34.62 |
2.90 |
9.10 ± 62.66 |
0.204 |
|
CAT |
|
94.31 |
3.8 ± 99.18 |
70.74 |
65.5 ± 74.15 |
0.045 |
Table 4Ordinal logistic regression analysis of predictive factors for the severity of patients with COPD based on forced vital capacity (FVC).
Ordinal logistic regression |
CI (95%) OR |
OR |
*p
|
SE |
Estimate |
|
Upper |
Lower |
|
|
|
|
WC (cm) |
1.10 |
1.02 |
1.06 |
0.004 |
0.020 |
0.057 |
|
Age (y) |
1.11 |
1.03 |
1.07 |
0.027 |
0.020 |
0.064 |
|
CRP |
3.47 |
1.79 |
2.49 |
< 0.001 |
0.168 |
0.091 |
|
Systolic BP |
1.08 |
1.00 |
1.04 |
0.056 |
0.021 |
0.039 |
|
TG |
1.00 |
0.99 |
0.10 |
0.085 |
0.004 |
−0.007 |
|
Duration of disease (mo) |
1.12 |
1.044 |
1.08 |
0.038 |
0.017 |
0.076 |
|
Men |
22.62 |
3.08 |
8.36 |
< 0.001 |
0.508 |
2.123 |
|
Women |
|
- |
1.00 |
- |
- |
- |