Objectives This study aimed to explore the effects of a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) program on stroke patients, as well as their experiences participating in the program. Methods: This study employed a mixed-methods design, integrating qualitative case studies with quantitative analysis. We included 20 stroke patients, randomly divided into 2 groups of 10 each: an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group underwent a CBT program comprising 20 sessions, in addition to receiving general occupational therapy. Conversely, the control group participated in meditation relaxation sessions alongside their general occupational therapy. Both interventions were administered daily for 60 minutes, 5 days a week, over a 4-week period. Results: After the intervention, the experimental group exhibited significant improvements in depression, anxiety, self-efficacy, and rehabilitation motivation (p<0.01, p<0.05). In contrast, the control group only demonstrated a significant reduction in anxiety (p<0.05). A comparison of the changes between the 2 groups showed significant differences in depression and anxiety (p<0.01), but no significant differences in self-efficacy and rehabilitation motivation (p>0.05). In-depth interviews with 10 participants from the experimental group were conducted and analyzed, revealing 4 core themes: “psychological stability,” “physical symptom relief,” “altered daily routines,” and “challenges and hopes for change.” Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that CBT programs may serve as a valuable intervention, offering psychological support and rehabilitation for stroke patients.
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Objectives This systematic review describes the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR)-supported exercise therapy on upper limb motor function and activities of daily living after stroke. Methods: Studies published through January 24, 2022, were identified using CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science. Randomized control trials comparing VR treatment with conventional therapy (CT) for upper extremity rehabilitation after stroke were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Results: Of 9 included studies, 5 concluded that the VR group outperformed control participants, 1 indicated the superiority of VR-supported exercises alone over CT, and 3 found VR comparable to CT in promoting upper limb motor function. Five studies analyzed independence in daily living, with 4 reporting no significant difference between VR and CT groups. No strong evidence indicated long-term benefits of VR-assisted exercise. All included studies demonstrated low risk of bias concerning random sequence generation, allocation concealment, outcome assessment blinding, incomplete outcome data, and selective reporting bias. However, a high risk of bias was observed regarding participant blinding due to the nature of the intervention. Conclusion: Most studies suggested that VR, used alongside CT, can improve motor function following stroke. However, the evidence was insufficient to conclude that VR outperforms conventional approaches.
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2024;15(1):18-32. Published online January 31, 2024
Objectives Limited information is available concerning the epidemiology of stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the Republic of Korea. This study aimed to develop a national surveillance system to monitor the incidence of stroke and AMI using national claims data. Methods: We developed and validated identification algorithms for stroke and AMI using claims data. This validation involved a 2-stage stratified sampling method with a review of medical records for sampled cases. The weighted positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated based on the sampling structure and the corresponding sampling rates. Incident cases and the incidence rates of stroke and AMI in the Republic of Korea were estimated by applying the algorithms and weighted PPV and NPV to the 2018 National Health Insurance Service claims data. Results: In total, 2,200 cases (1,086 stroke cases and 1,114 AMI cases) were sampled from the 2018 claims database. The sensitivity and specificity of the algorithms were 94.3% and 88.6% for stroke and 97.9% and 90.1% for AMI, respectively. The estimated number of cases, including recurrent events, was 150,837 for stroke and 40,529 for AMI in 2018. The age- and sex-standardized incidence rate for stroke and AMI was 180.2 and 46.1 cases per 100,000 person-years, respectively, in 2018. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of developing a national surveillance system based on claims data and identification algorithms for stroke and AMI to monitor their incidence rates.
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Objectives This study aimed to identify the predictors of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Korean adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with a stratified multistage probability sampling design. Data from the 2016 to 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n=32,379) were used. Among the participants aged 19 years or older (n=25,995), 1,081 patients with CVD were extracted after excluding those with missing data and those who had cancer. The participants’ HRQoL was measured using the three-level EuroQoL Group’s five-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D) scale. Data were analyzed using the t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and general linear regression for complex samples. Results: The most potent predictors of HRQoL in Korean adults with CVD were limited activity (β =−0.103, p <0.001), poor perceived health (β =−0.089, p <0.001), depression (β =−0.065, p<0.01), low household income (β=−0.033, p<0.05), unemployment (β=−0.023, p<0.05), and older age (β=−0.002, p<0.01), which explained 37.2% of the variance. Conclusion: Comprehensive interventions that address both physical and mental factors and social systems that provide financial help need to be implemented to improve the HRQoL of Korean adults with CVD.
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Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of daily living dual-task training focused on improving attention and executive function of the upper extremities, cognitive function, and quality of life in stroke patients.
Methods We included 30 stroke patients who were hospitalized between July 2020 and October 2020. They were divided into experimental and control groups through randomization. The experimental group performed 20 minutes of dual-task training and received 10 minutes of conventional occupational therapy, while the control group performed 20 minutes of single-task training and received 10 minutes of conventional occupational therapy. Both groups underwent their respective rehabilitation for 30 minutes per session, 5 times per week for 5 weeks.
Results Both groups showed significant improvements in upper extremity function, cognitive function, and quality of life; the experimental group showed higher results for all items. A significant between-group difference was observed in the magnitude of the changes.
Conclusion In stroke patients, dual-task training that combined attention and executive function with daily living activities was found to be meaningful, as it encouraged active participation and motivation. This study is expected to be used as a foundation for future interventions for stroke patients.
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>This study was performed to examine the effects of the Korean medicine healthcare program on stroke-related factors and self-care enhancement.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>This study was a quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design study (<italic>N</italic> = 58 participants), with 28 in the treatment group (Korean medicine health care program) and 30 in the control group (no intervention). The program was conducted twice a week for 2 hours, for a total of 12 weeks.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>There were statistically significant differences in systolic (<italic>p</italic> = 0.005) and diastolic blood pressure (<italic>p</italic> = 0.006), cholesterol (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001), blood glucose (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001), self-esteem (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001), self-efficacy (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001), health perception (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001), and the health behavior (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001) between the experimental group and the control group.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Thus, the Korean medicine healthcare program was effective in managing stroke-related factors and enhancing self-care, and should be actively used to develop community health promotion strategies to prevent strokes and prepare long-term measures.</p></sec>
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The purpose of this study was to examine the combined effects of Prism Adaptation (PA) plus functional electrical stimulation (FES) on stroke patients with unilateral neglect, and suggest a new intervention method for acute-phase stroke patients.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>There were 30 patients included in this study from April to October 2016 that had unilateral neglect whilst hospitalized following a stroke (diagnosed by a professional). The participants, who were patients receiving occupational therapy, understood the purpose of the study and agreed to participate. The patients were randomly divided into 3 groups: PA plus FES group (Group A), PA group (Group B), and FES group (Group C). Treatments lasted for 50 minutes per day, 5 times per week, for 3 weeks in total. Reevaluation was conducted after 3 weeks of intervention.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>All 3 groups showed unilateral neglect reduction after the intervention, but PA plus FES (complex intervention method) was more effective than PA or FES alone [effect size: Motor-free Visual Perception Test (0.80), Albert test (0.98), CBS (0.92)].</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>The results of this study support further studies to examine complex intervention for the treatment of unilateral neglect.</p></sec>
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Unilateral Spatial Neglect After Stroke: A Pragmatic Approach to Assessment and Rehabilitation Giulia Salti, Benedetta Formelli, Benedetta Piccardi, Eleonora Barucci, Anna Poggesi Journal of Clinical Medicine.2026; 15(15): 6064. CrossRef
Stroke Rehabilitation: Synopsis of the 2024 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guidelines Blessen C. Eapen, Johanna Tran, Jennifer Ballard-Hernandez, Andrew Buelt, Carrie W. Hoppes, Christine Matthews, Svetlana Pundik, James Reston, Zahari Tchopev, Lisa M. Wayman, Tyler Koehn Annals of Internal Medicine.2025; 178(2): 249. CrossRef
Does prism adaptation treatment reduce spatial neglect and improve function? Peii Chen, Kimberly Hreha, Catrina MacPhee, Amber Salter, Gail A. Eskes Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
European Stroke Organisation (ESO) guideline on visual impairment in stroke Fiona J Rowe, Lauren R Hepworth, María Begoña Coco-Martin, Celine R Gillebert, Luis Leal-Vega, Anja Palmowski-Wolfe, Eleni Papageorgiou, Stephen James Ryan, Karolina Skorkovska, Anne Hege Aamodt European Stroke Journal.2025; 10(4): 1087. CrossRef
Combined Effects of Visual Scanning Training and Electrical Stimulation During Walking on Activities of Daily Living in a Subacute Stroke Patient With Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Case Study Kodai Minami, Seigo Inoue, Yuto Goto, Kyohei Jumi, Kunitsugu Kondo, Katsuhiro Mizuno, Tatsunori Watanabe Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Significant immediate and limited long-term benefit of prism adaptation on spatial neglect: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs YuanLiang Zhu, Francois Quesque, Daisuke Nishida, Sophie Jacquin-Courtois, Jacques Luaute, Eric Chabanat, Gilles Rode, Yves Rossetti Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.2025; 68(7): 102022. CrossRef
Inclusion of People With Aphasia in Stroke Trials: A Systematic Search and Review Ciara Shiggins, Brooke Ryan, Farhana Dewan, Julie Bernhardt, Robyn O'Halloran, Emma Power, Richard I. Lindley, Gordon McGurk, Miranda L. Rose Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.2024; 105(3): 580. CrossRef
Prism adaptation combined with eye movement training for unilateral spatial neglect after stroke: Study protocol for a single-blind prospective, randomized controlled trial Yu-xuan Yang, Ling-ling Wang, Juan Du, Yao-min Luo, Yu-lei Xie, Bo Zhang, Han Zhang Frontiers in Neurology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
No short-term treatment effect of prism adaptation for spatial neglect: An inclusive meta-analysis Orsolya Székely, Antonia F. Ten Brink, Alexandra G. Mitchell, Janet H. Bultitude, Robert D. McIntosh Neuropsychologia.2023; 189: 108566. CrossRef
RETRACTED: A Complex Intervention Integrating Prism Adaptation and Neck Vibration for Unilateral Neglect in Patients of Chronic Stroke: A Randomised Controlled Trial Hyun-Se Choi, Bo-Min Lee International Journal of Environmental Research an.2022; 19(20): 13479. CrossRef
Non-pharmacological interventions for spatial neglect or inattention following stroke and other non-progressive brain injury Verity Longley, Christine Hazelton, Calvin Heal, Alex Pollock, Kate Woodward-Nutt, Claire Mitchell, Gorana Pobric, Andy Vail, Audrey Bowen Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The purpose of this research was to study the influences of dual task training on upper extremity function and performance of daily activities of chronic stroke patients.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Dual task training was performed on 21 patients who had suffered a chronic stroke with hemiplegia. The dual task training was performed for 30 minutes per session, for 5 days a week, for 3 weeks. There were 5 evaluations carried out over 3 weeks before and after the intervention. Changes in upper extremity function were measured by using the Box and block test. Changes in the performance of daily activities were measured using the Korea-Modified Barthel Index.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>The mean upper limb function score of the chronic stroke patients increased significantly from 21.88 ± 19.99 before the intervention, to 26.22 ± 15.65 after the intervention (<italic>p</italic> < 0.05), and the mean daily activities score increased significantly from 65.82 ± 12.04, to 67.29 ± 12.90 (<italic>p</italic> < 0.05).</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Dual task training effectively improved upper extremity function, and the performance of daily activities in chronic stroke patients.</p></sec>
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The Current State of the Literature on Dual-Task Performance Across Multiple Domains in Individuals With Chronic Poststroke Aphasia: A Scoping Review Nicole Dawson, Lauren Bislick, Lara Suarez American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology.2024; 33(6S): 3444. CrossRef
The Relationship Between Dual-Task Performance and Functional Independence in Stroke Patients Pınar OBA, Musa POLAT Turkish Journal of Science and Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
İnme Hastalarında Çift Yönlü Görev Aktivitesinin Etkinliği Derya Tuba BAL, Tuba KOCA, Ejder BERK, Burhan Fatih KOÇYİĞİT, Vedat NACİTARHAN Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültes.2020; 15(3): 60. CrossRef
<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of task-oriented circuit training (TOCT) using the rehabilitation tools for upper extremity function upon the daily life of patients with acute stroke.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Eighteen patients with acute stroke were randomly allocated into either the experimental group or the control group. The experimental group performed the TOCT program using rehabilitation tools, whilst the control group had neuro-developmental treatment. Both groups received 30 minutes of treatment per session, 5~6 times per week, for 4 weeks. The assessments conducted were the Fugl-Meyer assessment, motor activity log and stroke impact scale to compare the upper extremity function and activities of daily living.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>The results showed a significant improvement in the TOCT group compared with the neuro-developmental treatment group in the amount of motor activity use and high stroke impact score, indicating recovery (<italic>p</italic> < 0.05).</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>The TOCT program using rehabilitation tools could have a positive impact on acute stroke patients use of their upper extremity.</p></sec>
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<sec>
<title>Background</title>
<p>In patients who have suffered a stroke, the measurement of center of pressure excursion in all directions including oblique direction, anterior-medial, anterior-lateral, posterior-medial, and posterior-lateral side is important for determining balance instability but no research has been reported.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>This study investigated weight shift in all directions to determine balance instability in stroke patients, including the oblique direction, using the multi-directional functional reach test.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Eleven subjects participated. Multi-directional functional reach test consisted of moving the unaffected arm as far as possible in 8 directions. The directions were as follows; anterior, middle of anterior and lateral in unaffected side, lateral in unaffected side, and middle of the posterior and lateral in unaffected side, posterior, middle of posterior and lateral in affected side, lateral in affected side, middle of anterior and lateral in affected side.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>Movement was the lowest in the affected posterior-lateral side, followed by affected posterior, affected anterior-lateral, non-affected posterior lateral, affected lateral, non-affected lateral, non-affected anterior-lateral and anterior side (<italic>p</italic> < 0.05).</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Center of pressure excursion of the affected posterior-lateral side was the most challenging for stroke patients and their reach was lowest from posterior, to lateral, and anterior directions, whilst patients could move less on the affected side compared with the non-affected side.</p></sec>
Citations
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Optimal Algorithms for Improving Pressure-Sensitive Mat Centre of Pressure Measurements Alexander Dawid Bincalar, Chris Freeman, m.c. schraefel Sensors.2025; 25(5): 1283. CrossRef
Immediate effects of circular trunk movements on reach distance and centre of pressure distance during a multidirectional seated reach task in participants with post-stroke hemiparesis: a non-randomised controlled trial Ryohei Nabeya, Hiromi Fujii, Toshiaki Sato International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitatio.2024; 31(1): 1. CrossRef
Analysis of Forward Sitting Functional Reach Test in Hemiplegic Stroke Hirofumi HIRANO, Shinichirou ISHII, Taku YONEYAMA, Sumiko YAMAMOTO The Japanese Journal of Ergonomics.2024; 60(2): 134. CrossRef
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Oblique direction reach test: evaluating psychometric properties in stroke population Rinita Mascarenhas, Akshatha Nayak, Abraham M. Joshua, Shyam K. Krishnan, Vani Lakshmi R. Iyer, Jaya Shanker Tedla, Ravi Shankar Reddy PeerJ.2023; 11: e16562. CrossRef
Effects of the different intensities of task-oriented training on the upper extremity motor function and self-care ability of stroke survivors: study protocol for a multiarm parallel-group randomised controlled trial in a tertiary hospital in China Shengfeng Liu, Kai Zhang, Xuecha Li, Chunxiang Li, Mengsi Peng BMJ Open.2023; 13(12): e074106. CrossRef
Efficacy of sitting balance training with delayed visual feedback among patients with stroke: a randomized crossover clinical trial Kota Sawa, Kazu Amimoto, Abdul Chalik Meidian, Keisuke Ishigami, Takuya Miyamoto, Chika Setoyama, Rikuya Suzuki, Miko Tamura, Mitsusuke Miyagami Journal of Physical Therapy Science.2022; 34(8): 540. CrossRef
Evaluation of the Effect of SPIDER System Therapy on Weight Shifting Symmetry in Chronic Stroke Patients—A Randomized Controlled Trial Paulina Magdalena Ostrowska, Rafał Studnicki, Marcin Rykaczewski, Dawid Spychała, Rita Hansdorfer-Korzon International Journal of Environmental Research an.2022; 19(23): 16214. CrossRef
Normative Reference Values for Functional, Lateral, and Oblique Direction Reach Tests in Saudi Children Aged Six to 15 Years Old and Psychometric Properties of the Oblique Direction Reach Test JS Tedla, DR Sangadala, K Gular, RS Reddy, MS Alshahrani, I Ahmad, M Abohashrh Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice.2021; 24(4): 576. CrossRef
<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The aims of this meta-analysis were to examine intervention methods of qualitatively, well-designed studies from the past 10 years for treating visuo-spatial neglect (VSN) in patients who had suffered a stroke, and to evaluate the combined effects of intervention.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Studies published between 2008 and 2017 on the theme of VSN were collected from PubMed, CINAHL, and MEDLINE, representative academic databases and search engines. The PEDro scale was used for evaluating the quality of methodology. The sample size, mean, and standard deviation of identified studies were used for meta-analysis.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>Eight studies were selected for analysis. The PEDro scores of the selected studies were ≥ 7, with 237 subjects analyzed. The results of intervention were classified into “mental function” and “activity and participation” based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. The analyzed effect sizes for combined outcomes, mental function and, activity and participation, were 0.728 (medium effect size), 0.850 (large effect size), and 0.536 (medium effect size), respectively.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Intervention methods for treating VSN had a short-term effect on cognitive function (visual perception). In particular, non-invasive brain stimulation therapy showed a large effect size for VSN treatment.</p></sec>
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Non-pharmacological interventions for spatial neglect or inattention following stroke and other non-progressive brain injury Verity Longley, Christine Hazelton, Calvin Heal, Alex Pollock, Kate Woodward-Nutt, Claire Mitchell, Gorana Pobric, Andy Vail, Audrey Bowen Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
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Alertness Training Improves Spatial Bias and Functional Ability in Spatial Neglect Thomas Van Vleet, Paolo Bonato, Eric Fabara, Sawsan Dabit, Sarah‐Jane Kim, Christopher Chiu, Antonio Luigi Bisogno, Michael Merzenich, Maurizio Corbetta, Joseph DeGutis Annals of Neurology.2020; 88(4): 747. CrossRef
Objectives
The study objective was to identify the factors that influence the length of stay (LOS) in hospital for stroke patients and to provide data for managing hospital costs by managing the LOS. Methods
This study used data from the Discharge Injury Survey of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which included 17,364 cases from 2005 to 2008. Result
The LOS for stroke, cerebral infarction, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage was 18.6, 15.0, 28.9, and 25.3 days, respectively. Patients who underwent surgery had longer LOS. When patients were divided based on whether they had surgery, there was a 2.4-time difference in the LOS for patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage, 2.0-time difference for patients with cerebral infarction, and 1.4-time difference for patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. The emergency route of admission and other diagnosis increased LOS, whereas hypertension and diabetic mellitus reduced LOS. Conclusion
In the present rapidly changing hospital environments, hospitals approach an efficient policy for LOS, to maintain their revenues and quality of assessment. If LOS is used as the indicator of treatment expenses, there is a need to tackle factors that influence the LOS of stroke patients for each disease group who are divided based on whether surgery is performed or not for the proper management of the LOS.
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