Objectives This study assessed the economic value of 2 major initiatives within the national infectious disease response system of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA): the Training Programs for Public Health Workforce (TPPHW) and the Infectious Disease Information System (IDIS). Methods: We developed a structured estimation model to quantify the economic benefits of pandemic preparedness investments and applied it to the KDCA’s TPPHW and IDIS. The model incorporated parameters elicited from 29 senior officials into a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) framework, from which we calculated the net present value (NPV) and benefit-cost ratio (BCR) over a 10-year period, with sensitivity analyses. Results: Both initiatives yielded positive net benefits under baseline assumptions, although the margin was substantially greater for workforce training than for the information system. At the assumed discount rate of 4.5%, the CBA yielded a BCR of 2.120 and an NPV of 27.2 billion Korean won (KRW) for TPPHW. For IDIS, the corresponding values were a BCR of 1.071 and an NPV of 2.7 billion KRW. Sensitivity analysis showed that workforce training remained economically justified across all scenarios, whereas the information system remained viable only under more favorable assumptions. Conclusion: This study contributes to the literature by systematically applying CBA to infectious disease preparedness in the Republic of Korea. The findings support continued investment in skilled workforce training and integrated information infrastructure for future pandemic preparedness. The study is limited by its reliance on expert-elicited parameters and its focus on monetary benefits, excluding health outcomes such as disability-adjusted life years and quality-of-life improvements.
Objectives This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of resistance training on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and body mass index in patients with diabetes mellitus, categorized by age.
Methods A comprehensive search of English-language literature published between 1997 and 2025 was performed across 6 databases (Embase, CINAHL, Medline, Cochrane, PubMed, and PEDro). Standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals were calculated, and publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger’s test. The Joanna Briggs Institute checklist was applied to evaluate study quality.
Results Thirty randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria, comprising 620 participants in the older (<60 years of age) subgroup and 1,389 in the middle-aged (40–59 years of age) subgroup. In both subgroups, resistance training significantly reduced HbA1c levels and body mass index, while increasing muscle strength (primary outcome). It also significantly increased high-density lipoprotein, improved VO₂ peak, and reduced low-density lipoprotein (secondary outcomes). However, the effects of resistance training were significant only in the older-adult subgroup for total cholesterol and only in the middle-aged subgroup for triglycerides.
Conclusion Resistance training is a recommended rehabilitation exercise for patients with diabetes mellitus. Routine resistance training has been shown to help maintain optimal HbA1c and body mass index levels and improve muscle strength. In addition, it does not pose a risk of adverse events in either middle-aged or older patients. Nonetheless, patients are advised to monitor blood glucose levels and adhere to a proper diet to achieve optimal outcomes.
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Objectives This study aimed to strengthen the core capabilities of epidemiological investigation and response teams (ERTs) at the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, drawing on lessons learned from the Middle East respiratory syndrome and coronavirus disease 2019 pandemics. The primary objectives were to facilitate rapid and accurate data collection and analysis, improve communication skills, and simulate real-world on-site responses. Methods: The training program was developed using a scenario involving a novel infectious disease from the World Health Organization priority list entering a community. ERTs collected and analyzed epidemiological data and implemented control measures as they addressed the missions of the scenario. Improvement in competencies was assessed through self-evaluation surveys completed before and after training. Results: A total of 49 participants, including disease control officers, epidemiological investigation officers, researchers, and administrative officials, attended the training. Participant satisfaction with the training was high, scoring 6.4 out of 7, and the improvement in competency was statistically significant (pre-training score, 5.2; post-training score, 6.2; p<0.001). Conclusion: Scenario-based training can effectively enhance the capabilities of ERTs. Such training is essential, as emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases can exhibit unpredictable spread and potentially severe impacts. Therefore, developing diverse scenarios and conducting regular training sessions are necessary to improve the capacities of ERTs.
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중앙 및 지자체역학조사반의 현장 역학조사 훈련 수요 조사 유연 김, 미 유, 진 이, 호경 송, 은경 김 Public Health Weekly Report.2026; 19(31): 1324. CrossRef
<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of mixed cognitive intervention training using spaced retrieval training, and errorless learning in participants with early onset dementia. This was based on reality orientation therapy for cognitive function, depression, and occupational performance of patients.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Two early onset vascular dementia patients (> 65 years) with mild or moderate impairment were enrolled in a pre-test - post-test single-subject research design study. Prior to the study, the caregivers were interviewed about meaningful times, people, places, and areas of interest for the participant. A list of individual training words were selected based upon this information, and the participant was instructed to recall them after a 45-second, 90-second, 6-minute, and 12-minute delay. Baseline (3 sessions), intervention (20 sessions), and a second baseline period (3 sessions) were conducted. Activities of daily living were measured, and cognition was measured using the Consortium to Establish a Registry of Alzheimer’s Disease Korean version, whilst depression was measured using the Korean Form Geriatric Depression Scale, and task performance and satisfaction measured by the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>After intervention, both participants showed improvements in activities of daily living (ADL), word list memory/recognition, trail making A, occupational performance, and satisfaction improvement, which was clinically significant in 1 participant who also had a reduced score in the scale of depression classifying him as not depressed.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Spaced retrieval training and errorless learning based on reality orientation therapy is an effective intervention in patients with early onset dementia and mild or moderate impairment.</p></sec>
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of task-oriented circuit training (TOCT) using the rehabilitation tools for upper extremity function upon the daily life of patients with acute stroke.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Eighteen patients with acute stroke were randomly allocated into either the experimental group or the control group. The experimental group performed the TOCT program using rehabilitation tools, whilst the control group had neuro-developmental treatment. Both groups received 30 minutes of treatment per session, 5~6 times per week, for 4 weeks. The assessments conducted were the Fugl-Meyer assessment, motor activity log and stroke impact scale to compare the upper extremity function and activities of daily living.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>The results showed a significant improvement in the TOCT group compared with the neuro-developmental treatment group in the amount of motor activity use and high stroke impact score, indicating recovery (<italic>p</italic> < 0.05).</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>The TOCT program using rehabilitation tools could have a positive impact on acute stroke patients use of their upper extremity.</p></sec>
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Objective
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia condition resulting from defective insulin secretion or resistance insulin action, or both. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 6 weeks swimming training and <i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> seed (fenugreek) extract, alone and in combination, on plasma glucose and cardiac antioxidant enzyme activity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods
Fifty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: diabetic control (DC, <i>n</i> = 8); healthy control (HC, <i>n</i> = 11); swimming training (S, <i>n</i> = 11); swimming training + fenugreek seed extract (1.74 g/kg body weight; SF1, <i>n</i> = 11); and swimming training + fenugreek seed extract (0.87 g/kg body weight; SF2, <i>n</i> = 9). Streptozotocin was used for the induction of diabetes. Results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey test. Results
In comparison with the DC group, all groups exhibited a significant decrease in body weight (<i>p</i> < 0.05), except for the HC group. SF1 and HC groups showed significant decreases in plasma glucose levels compared with the DC group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). S, SF1, SF2, and HC groups showed significant elevations in cardiac antioxidant enzymes activity in comparison with the DC group. Conclusion
The results indicated that the combination of endurance swimming training and fenugreek seed extract can significantly reduce the plasma glucose levels and increase cardiac antioxidant enzymes activity in diabetic rats. Our findings suggest that this combination could be useful for the treatment of hyperglycemia and cardiac oxidative stress induced by diabetes mellitus.
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