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PHRP : Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

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Original Articles

Epidemiological trends and regional risk factors for scrub typhus in Busan, Republic of Korea: 2019–2023
Keoungsuk Kim, Hyeokjin Lee, Seungah Park, Gey Ok Lee, Sang-Eun Lee
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2026;17(3):242-253.
Published online May 11, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0085
Epidemiological trends and regional risk factors for scrub typhus in Busan, Republic of Korea: 2019–2023
Objectives
Scrub typhus, an acute disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi and transmitted by larval chigger mites, is a representative autumn febrile illness in the Republic of Korea. We examined epidemiological characteristics underlying spatial heterogeneity in Busan Metropolitan City to inform region-specific prevention and control policies. Methods: We analyzed 1,645 confirmed and suspected scrub typhus cases reported in Busan from 2019 to 2023. Crude incidence rates and age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) per 100,000 population were calculated using the 2021 mid-year population. The chi-square test assessed associations between disease occurrence and exposure activities within the preceding 30 days. Correlation analyses examined the relationships of ASIR with environmental indicators, including per capita urban forest area, and epidemiological indicators, including prior infectious disease education. Results: The overall mean ASIR in Busan was 8.35 per 100,000 population, below the national average. However, incidence was higher in peri-urban districts, including Gijang-gun (26.12/100,000) and Gangseo-gu (15.02/100,000), than in central urban districts such as Junggu (2.20/100,000). Higher incidence was observed among women and older adults (≥60 years). ASIR correlated strongly with per capita urban forest area (r=0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.79–0.97; p<0.001). Regional differences were significant for agriculture/forestry, gardening, and general outdoor activities (p<0.001). Districts with higher incidence also displayed higher rates of infectious disease education, although this may reflect reverse causation. Conclusion: In Busan, scrub typhus incidence was concentrated in peri-urban districts. These findings support region-specific prevention strategies, evaluation of infectious disease education, enhanced mite surveillance, and practical protective measures during fieldwork.
  • 1,725 View
  • 54 Download
Association of quantity and quality of fat intake with sleep quality: a cross-sectional study in Iran
Melika Fallah, Azadeh Aminianfar, Awat Feizi, Maryam Fallah, Peyman Adibi, Hamidreza Roohafza, Alireza Ani, Leila Azadbakht, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2026;17(2):165-181.
Published online March 11, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0289
Association of quantity and quality of fat intake with sleep quality: a cross-sectional study in Iran
Objectives
The association between dietary fat intake and sleep quality remains unclear. This study investigated the impact of both dietary fat quality and quantity on sleep quality.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, participants completed a food frequency questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to assess quantity and quality of fat intake and sleep quality.
Results
A total of 1,904 participants (55% female) were included in the study. Participants in the highest tertile of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intake, compared with those in the lowest tertile, had significantly higher total sleep quality scores (odds ratio [OR], 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.62) and longer sleep onset latency (OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.08–1.83). Participants with higher animal fat intake exhibited higher total sleep quality scores (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.09–1.89) and increased sleep disturbances (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.02–1.83). Among women, those in the highest tertile compared with the lowest tertile showed increased odds of higher total sleep quality scores with total fat (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.04–1.82), PUFA (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.07–1.87), monounsaturated fatty acids (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.09–1.90), saturated fatty acid (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.01–1.77), and animal fat (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.18–2.11).
Conclusion
These findings suggest that higher intakes of PUFA and animal fat are associated with higher total sleep quality scores. When stratified by sex, higher intake of total fat and unsaturated fats was associated with higher total sleep quality scores in women only.
  • 1,715 View
  • 72 Download
Analysis of factors influencing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and its prediction in Weifang, China from 2013 to 2021
Hui Zhang, Wan-Ying Zhao, Yan-Qing Yang, Xue-Yan Guo, Yi-Han Shi, Qi-Yong Liu, Jing Li
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2025;16(6):575-585.
Published online December 16, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0367
Analysis of factors influencing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and its prediction in Weifang, China from 2013 to 2021
Objectives
This study aimed to analyze the epidemiology and trends of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Weifang, China (2013–2021) and to guide prevention strategies.
Methods
The study examined the prevalence and incidence trends of HFRS in Weifang (2013–2021). Spearman correlation and wavelet analysis were employed to explore variable relationships and their associations with HFRS incidence. Generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to identify key risk factors, while structural equation modeling (SEM) quantified direct and indirect pathways influencing HFRS transmission. Finally, Bayesian time-series models were applied to predict future HFRS risk.
Results
Weifang reported 2,118 HFRS cases, which displayed distinct seasonality. Spearman correlation linked economic factors (gross domestic product [GDP], crop area, grain output, green space) and meteorological factors (temperature, pressure) to incidence (r>0.8). Wavelet analysis identified Mus musculus (2013–2016) and Rattus norvegicus (2017–2021) as dominant reservoirs, with temperature, precipitation, and humidity correlating with incidence. GAMs revealed a U-shaped relationship between rodent density and HFRS and an inverted U-shaped relationship between temperature (threshold, 11.64 °C) and HFRS. SEM highlighted the direct and indirect effects of climate via rodent density, mirrored by economic factors (e.g., GDP). Bayesian models effectively predicted HFRS (root mean square error, 7.36; mean absolute percentage error, 0.28; R2=0.65).
Conclusion
Climate, economic, and anthropogenic factors drive the spread of HFRS. Prevention strategies should integrate local economic conditions with meteorological and anthropogenic factors. Bayesian time-series modeling effectively predicts HFRS trends, supporting precision prevention strategies.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal heterogeneity of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Jiaodong Peninsula region, China, 2019–2025
    Xiaofang Guo, Ti Liu, Ruixiao Li, Xueying Tian, Yuwei Zhang, Xiaotong Shi, Qing Duan, Renpeng Li, Zengqiang Kou
    Frontiers in Public Health.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Drivers of Viral Spillover: An Examination of How Pathogens Spread
    Elenoire Sole, Giulia Montalbano, Giuseppe Motta, Maria Maddalena Pansera, Angelina Midiri, Mariarita Iacopino, Paolo Liotta, Giuseppe Mancuso, Carmelo Biondo
    Pathogens.2026; 15(9): 901.     CrossRef
  • 2,193 View
  • 91 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Short Communication

Early detection of dengue through rapid diagnostic testing at airport quarantine: a case study from the Republic of Korea (2022–2024)
Kee Hun Do, Jae Wook Oh
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2025;16(6):586-592.
Published online October 29, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0254
Early detection of dengue through rapid diagnostic testing at airport quarantine: a case study from the Republic of Korea (2022–2024)
Objectives
This study evaluated the effectiveness of rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) for the early detection of imported dengue cases at Gimhae International Airport in the Republic of Korea, and analyzed patient characteristics and response processes following positive results.
Methods
From 2022 to 2024, 334 individuals underwent RDT at the airport. Testing was performed for travelers presenting with dengue-like symptoms or recent mosquito bites. Two dengue RDT kits (NS1 and immunoglobulin G/M) were used, and confirmatory tests—including real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays—were performed for RDT-positive cases. Time intervals between sample collection and diagnostic confirmation were compared by institution type and day of the week.
Results
Of the 334 cases tested, 12 yielded positive RDT results, and 3 were confirmed as dengue. No confirmed cases were identified among asymptomatic travelers or those with travel durations shorter than 5 days. All 3 confirmed cases showed moderate or higher RDT intensity. The confirmatory results were negative for all 7 marginally positive cases. The average turnaround time for diagnostic confirmation was 4.00 days in hospitals versus 2.71 days in public health centers. Samples collected on weekdays produced faster results (2.33 days) than those collected across weekends (5.00 days). One individual with a strong RDT-positive result declined confirmatory testing.
Conclusion
RDT is a valuable tool for detecting dengue at ports of entry. However, timely confirmatory diagnosis requires improved inter-agency coordination and logistical systems, particularly for weekend operations. These findings offer practical insights for strengthening quarantine-based infectious disease control.
  • 1,987 View
  • 73 Download

Original Articles

The impact of digital literacy on older adults’ self-rated health, depression, and life satisfaction: a cross-sectional study using 2023 National Survey of Older Koreans
Objectives
This study examined the associations between digital literacy and self-rated health (SRH), depression, and life satisfaction among older adults in the Republic of Korea.
Methods
Data were obtained from the 2023 National Survey of Older Koreans (n=9,951). Digital literacy was evaluated based on participants’ ability to use 8 smartphone functions and their perceived difficulty adapting to a digital society. Dependent variables included SRH, depression (measured using the short form of Geriatric Depression Scale), and life satisfaction (assessed through a composite score across 7 domains). Multiple logistic regression was applied for SRH and depression, while linear regression was conducted for life satisfaction, adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related covariates.
Results
Higher digital literacy was significantly associated with better SRH and greater life satisfaction. Compared to participants with no digital skills, those with moderate or high digital literacy had higher odds of reporting good SRH and significantly higher life satisfaction scores. Older adults who reported difficulty adapting to a digital society demonstrated significantly lower SRH and life satisfaction. However, after adjusting for covariates, the association between digital literacy and depression was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
Higher digital literacy is linked to better SRH and greater life satisfaction. Moreover, digital literacy reduced the explanatory power of socioeconomic variables, suggesting that it serves as an important behavioral determinant. These findings underscore the importance of promoting digital literacy as a means of improving health equity and well-being in aging populations.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • The Effect of Digital Literacy on Depression Among Older Adults With Chronic Diseases: The Moderating Role of Self-Rated Health
    Hyein Seo, Subin Yu
    The International Journal of Aging and Human Devel.2026; 103(4): 480.     CrossRef
  • Digital device use and disparities in health literacy among older adults
    Heeran Chun, Cheong-Seok Kim, Il-Ho Kim
    Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2026; 43(2): 87.     CrossRef
  • Impact of an Interaction-Oriented, Information and Communication Technology-Based Community Care Service on Nutritional Status and Dietary Behavior of Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Quasi-Experimental Study
    Seojin Yun, Seulgi Lee, Eun Young Lee, Kirang Kim
    Preventive Nutrition and Food Science.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Predicting longitudinal depressive symptom trajectories among older Chinese adults with chronic health conditions: An interpretable machine learning study
    Zhan Yu, Anao Zhang, Kaipeng Wang, Qiuling An, Meiyan Chen, Yuting Wang, Zeqiang Wang
    International Psychogeriatrics.2026; : 100270.     CrossRef
  • Sustaining Social Connection in a Super-Aged Society: Changes in the Association Between Social Ties and Life Satisfaction Among Korean Older Adults, 2011–2023
    Seonmi Choi, Junghyun Kim
    Sustainability.2026; 18(18): 9449.     CrossRef
  • Digital Ageism and Ageism Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults and the Mediating Role of Expectations Regarding Aging: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Gahye Kim, Aeri Jung
    Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2026; 37: 403.     CrossRef
  • Disaggregating Digital Competence: Social Activity Participation and Depressive Symptoms Among Korean Older Adults
    Young-Mi Jung, NakHyeok Choi
    Behavioral Sciences.2026; 16(10): 1742.     CrossRef
  • The impact of digitalisation on the development of physical activity of older people (through the example of European Union countries)
    Zhaxat Kenzhin, Tursynzada Kuangaliyeva, Assem Aitkaliyeva, Yerbol Myrzabossynov, Aigerim Zhunussova, Odiljon Dadabayev
    Frontiers in Public Health.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 3,977 View
  • 172 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Deep learning-based prognosis of major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a retrospective observational study in the Republic of Korea
Objectives
This study developed deep neural network (DNN) models capable of accurately classifying major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after hospital discharge, across 3 follow-up intervals: 1, 6, and 12 months. Methods: DNN models were constructed to predict post-discharge MACE across 4 categories. Multiple traditional machine learning models were implemented as controls to benchmark the performance of our DNN approach. All models were evaluated based on their ability to predict MACE occurrence during the specified follow-up periods. Results: The DNN models demonstrated superior predictive performance over conventional machine learning methods, achieving high accuracies of 0.922, 0.884, and 0.913 for the 1-month, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up periods, respectively. Conclusion: The high accuracy of our DNN models highlights their practical advantages for AMI diagnosis and guidance of follow-up treatment. These models can serve as valuable decision support tools, enabling clinicians to optimize the overall management of AMI patients and potentially enhance their hospitalization experience.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Artificial intelligence and biohealth: the Republic of Korea’s emerging priorities in health care R&D
    Jong-Koo Lee
    Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2025; 16(4): 309.     CrossRef
  • 3,140 View
  • 106 Download
  • Crossref
Prevalence and determinants of medication adherence in Moroccan patients with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter cross-sectional study
Maryem Arraji, Nadia Al Wachami, Younes Iderdar, Fatima Zahra Bouchachi, Karima Boumendil, Mohamed Chahboune
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2025;16(4):392-405.
Published online July 9, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0014
Prevalence and determinants of medication adherence in Moroccan patients with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter cross-sectional study
Objectives
This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of medication adherence and its determinants among Moroccan patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted from February to June 2024, involving 584 patients from the Casablanca-Settat and Rabat-Sale-Kenitra regions of Morocco. Medication adherence was assessed using the general medication adherence scale. Associations between independent variables and adherence were analyzed using chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Medication adherence was observed in 96.2% of participants. Multivariate analysis revealed significantly lower medication adherence among patients using 2 or more oral antidiabetic drugs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.026; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.001–0.642; p=0.026) and those with a diabetes duration of 11 to 15 years (aOR, 0.037; 95% CI, 0.001–0.956; p=0.047). Conclusion: Despite a high overall adherence rate, patients on dual or polytherapy and those with longer disease duration exhibited lower adherence in multivariate analysis. Targeted interventions are needed to improve adherence in these high-risk groups.
  • 3,222 View
  • 119 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
Design and evaluation of a multi-epitope subunit vaccine against human norovirus using an immunoinformatics approach
Zxcy L. Nonog, Edward C. Banico, Ma. Easter V. Sajo, Pablo V. Serrano, Fredmoore L. Orosco
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2025;16(3):236-251.
Published online April 25, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0349
Design and evaluation of a multi-epitope subunit vaccine against human norovirus using an immunoinformatics approach
Objectives
This study aimed to identify safe, conserved, and highly immunogenic epitopes from all proteins of human-infecting norovirus (NoV) and to design a multi-epitope subunit vaccine construct from these epitopes using an immunoinformatics approach. Additionally, the vaccine construct was evaluated using both sequence- and structure-based assessments.
Methods
Conserved fragments were identified from all proteins of human-infecting NoV, and B and T lymphocyte epitopes were subsequently predicted using multiple epitope prediction tools. The selected epitopes were linked to form a multi-epitope construct, incorporating various adjuvants in the design. Vaccine constructs with different adjuvants were analyzed for their physicochemical properties and immune simulation profiles, and the optimal combination was selected as the final vaccine candidate for further study. Finally, molecular docking and dynamics simulations were performed to visualize the interaction between the construct and a host immune receptor.
Results
Twenty-two safe, conserved, and highly immunogenic epitopes were identified from all human-infecting NoV proteins. The construct adjuvanted with 50S ribosomal protein L7/L12 (50SrpL7/L12) was chosen as the final vaccine candidate due to its optimal physicochemical properties and favorable immune simulation profile. Furthermore, the construct exhibited high binding affinity and a stable interaction with toll-like receptor 4).
Conclusion
The multi-epitope subunit vaccine designed in this study shows promise as a potential NoV vaccine candidate for human immunization. Further in vitro and in vivo experiments are warranted to validate these findings.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • A multi-epitope pan-betacoronavirus vaccine construct predicted to induce broad-spectrum and durable immune responses: an immunoinformatics approach
    Anabella Margareth Arapa, Trina Ekawati Tallei, Rinaldi Idroes, Fatimawali, Elly Juliana Suoth, Maghfirah Savitri, Ahmad Akroman Adam, Beivy Jonathan Kolondam, Chika Yamada, Rosy Iara Maciel de Azambuja Ribeiro, Amama Rani, Moon Nyeo Park, Youdiil Ophinn
    Frontiers in Bioinformatics.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Multi-Domain Approach for Designing of Novel Epitopes-Based Vaccine Against Chandipura Virus
    Alhanouf I. Al-Harbi, Raed Amer Ali Alsahoo, Asad Ullah, Sajjad Ahmad
    Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Immunoinformatics-based design of artificial chimeric proteins as universal vaccine candidates against foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes A, O, and SAT2
    Alyaa Elrashedy, Mohamed Nayel, Akram Salama, Ahmed Zaghawa, Mohamed E. Hasan
    Scientific Reports.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Immunoinformatics-guided design of a multi-epitope mRNA vaccine candidate against Western Equine Encephalitis virus
    Elijah Kolawole Oladipo, Boluwatife Ayobami Irewolede, Stephen Toluwanimi Gbadero, Favour Adebimpe Adebisi, Noor-Al-Hudah Nurudeen, Emmanuel Ololade Oyediran, Rukayat Romoke Tajudeen, Taiwo Dorcas Akinpelu, Christiana Iyanuoluwa Kolapo, Balqis Ajoke Adeji
    The Veterinary Journal: Pharmacology & Toxicology.2026; 1(4): 100019.     CrossRef
  • 6,108 View
  • 143 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Review Article

The prevalence of tobacco, alcohol, stimulant, khat, and cannabis use among school-going students in African and Arab countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Chaimaa El Moubchiri, Mohamed Chahboune, Morad Guennouni, Abderraouf Hilali
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2025;16(1):28-41.
Published online December 13, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0204
The prevalence of tobacco, alcohol, stimulant, khat, and cannabis use among school-going students in African and Arab countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Objectives
The objectives of this review and meta-analysis were twofold: first, to determine the prevalence of substance use among school-going children in Arab and African countries; and second, to highlight the considerable influence of variables such as the nation’s region and the timeframe of the study on the prevalence of substance use.
Methods
Research was sourced from Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed. Thirty-seven articles were incorporated in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. This review included studies published from 2013 to 2023. The statistical meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis ver. 3 software. Across 37 studies, the total number of study participants was 73,508.
Results
The meta-analysis revealed that tobacco was the most commonly used substance, with a prevalence of 16% (95% confidence interval [CI], 12.7%–20.02%). This was closely followed by alcohol, which had a prevalence of 15% (95% CI, 10.5%–22.8%), stimulants at 11.4% (95% CI, 7.4%–17%), khat at 10% (95% CI, 5.7%–15%), and cannabis at 8% (95% CI, 3.3%–18.4%). Notably, alcohol was the only substance that showed an increasing trend in prevalence from before to after 2019, rising from 13.3% (95% CI, 6.2%–26.1%) to 17% (95% CI, 10.2%–27%) (p<0.001). Additionally, the prevalence of substance use varied significantly between Arab and African countries (p<0.001).
Conclusion
Although the prevalence of substance use among school-going populations has significantly decreased over time, with the exception of alcohol, it is imperative that both African and Arab countries implement comprehensive measures and stringent laws to address the production and marketing of substances.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Association of Substance Use Pattern and Family Factors With Use-Related Problems According to Arabic Drug Abuse Screening Test-10: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Hussam Aly Sayed Murad, Marwan Bakarman
    Substance Use: Research and Treatment.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 12,413 View
  • 234 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Brief Report

Safety of the bivalent COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccination among persons aged over 18 years in the Republic of Korea
Seok-Kyoung Choi, Seontae Kim, Mijeong Ko, Yeseul Heo, Tae Eun Kim, Yeonkyeong Lee, Juyeon Jang, Eunok Bahng
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2024;15(6):542-549.
Published online October 29, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0194
Safety of the bivalent COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccination among persons aged over 18 years in the Republic of Korea
Objectives
The aim of this study was to disseminate information about the safety of bivalent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA booster vaccines administered to adults in the Republic of Korea.
Methods
Two databases were used to assess the safety of COVID-19 booster doses of Pfizer BA.1, Pfizer BA.4/5, Moderna BA.1, and Moderna BA.4/5 vaccines for adults aged 18 years and older. Adverse events (AEs) were analyzed using data reported to the web-based COVID-19 vaccination management system (CVMS) and a self-reported text-message survey.
Results
Between October 11, 2022 and March 30, 2023, the CVMS received reports of 2,369 (93.7%) non-serious AEs from vaccinated adults, along with 158 (6.3%) serious AEs, which included 5 cases of anaphylaxis and 33 deaths. From October 11, 2022 to January 27, 2023, 40,022 people aged 18 and older responded to a survey conducted via text message. The booster doses were associated with fewer local and systemic AEs compared to the original vaccines. After receiving the bivalent vaccine, the most commonly reported AEs were pain at the injection site, headache, fatigue, and myalgia.
Conclusion
Overall, bivalent vaccines exhibited fewer AEs compared to the original vaccines. The majority of AEs were non-serious, and serious AEs were rare among adults aged 18 years and older following vaccination with the Pfizer and Moderna bivalent vaccines.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Cross-neutralizing antibody responses among individuals with or without bivalent vaccine: a six-month prospective cohort study
    Hye Hee Cha, Ji Yeun Kim, Seung Beom Kim, Junho Cha, Ji-Soo Kwon, Woori Kim, Ju Yeon Son, Choi Young Jang, Min-Chul Kim, So Yun Lim, Sung-Han Kim
    The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2026; 41(3): 516.     CrossRef
  • Safety of COVID-19 mRNA-1273 booster doses in Asian populations: A literature review of post-marketing observational studies
    Chris Clarke, Daina Esposito, Veronica Urdaneta, Piyali Mukherjee, Amanda K. Buttery
    Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 3,932 View
  • 76 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Original Articles

Associations of type and intensity of social participation with depression, self-rated health, and life satisfaction among community-dwelling older adults in the Republic of Korea: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Objectives
Social activities are important and influential factors for healthy aging. However, limited information is available regarding the associations of the type and intensity of social participation with health and well-being. This study aimed to investigate how various types of social activities are associated with several dimensions of health outcomes. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Seventh Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, which included 5,526 adults aged 60 years and older. Multivariate linear regression analysis was employed to analyze the associations of social activities with depression, self-rated health, and life satisfaction. Additionally, subgroup analyses by sex and age were performed. Results: Among the participants, 73.5% reported involvement in at least 1 of the 4 types of social engagement. After adjustment for all covariates, individuals who participated in any social activity reported better self-rated health and higher life satisfaction compared to those who did not participate. However, the intensity of engagement in different social activities had varying impacts on subjective health outcomes. An increased level of participation was associated with a lower rate of depression and improved self-rated health. However, no significant differences were observed in the relationship between the intensity of participation in activities (with the exception of alumni societies or family councils) and life satisfaction. Conclusion: This study suggests that to improve their health, older adults in the Republic of Korea should not only engage in social activities but also do so actively and regularly.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Impact of Depression on Self-Rated Health Status among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Moderating Effects of Subjective Social Status and Formal Social Participation Using Data from the Ninth Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (2022)
    Sohee Jung, Eunhee Yang, Soyoung Cha, Wonhee Baek
    Journal of Fundamental Nursing Science.2026; 33(1): 147.     CrossRef
  • Disaggregating Digital Competence: Social Activity Participation and Depressive Symptoms Among Korean Older Adults
    Young-Mi Jung, NakHyeok Choi
    Behavioral Sciences.2026; 16(10): 1742.     CrossRef
  • Gender differences in advanced activities of daily living: evidence from the longitudinal study of health and aging in Mexico 2012–2018
    Martha A. Sánchez-Rodríguez, Mariano Zacarías-Flores, Lesly Estefanía Castañeda-Sánchez, Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez
    Frontiers in Aging.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Associations Between Physical Activity, Body Perception, and Self-Rated Health in Korean Adults: An Analysis of the 2023 Korean Community Health Survey
    Geun-Kook Kim, Su-Yeon Roh, Sung-Ho Hwang
    Medicina.2025; 61(11): 1898.     CrossRef
  • 6,354 View
  • 135 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref
The association between living arrangements and health-related quality of life in Korean older people: a nationwide repeated cross-sectional study
Eunok Park, Philip Larkin, Zee-A Han
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2024;15(3):221-228.
Published online May 23, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0273
The association between living arrangements and health-related quality of life in Korean older people: a nationwide repeated cross-sectional study
Objectives
This study investigated the association between living arrangements and healthrelated quality of life (HRQoL) in older people. Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted of 6,153 participants (aged ≥60 years) from the seventh Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016 to 2018). HRQoL was measured using the 3-level version of the EuroQol 5-dimensional questionnaire. The chi-square test, t-test, and multiple regression were used, applying sampling weights for the analysis. Results: The proportion of respondents living alone was 18.0%, with a higher prevalence among women and older age groups (p<0.001). The overall HRQoL was lower in groups living alone than in groups living with others (p<0.001). Older people living alone showed higher impairments in all dimensions of the 3-level version of the European Quality of Life 5-Dimensional Questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) than those living with others, including mobility (p<0.001), self-care (p<0.001), usual activities (p<0.001), pain/discomfort (p<0.001), and depression/anxiety (p<0.001). Problems with mobility were most prevalent (42.8%), followed by pain/ discomfort (41.9%) in respondents living alone. Living alone was significantly associated with a lower HRQoL index score (b=–0.048, p<0.001) after adjusting for age, gender, education, exercise, perceived stress, and perceived health status. Conclusion: Living alone was negatively associated with HRQoL. Based on this study, future care planning for older people should consider their living arrangements. The need to strengthen and expand care programs targeting those living alone should also be addressed.

Citations

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  • Quality of life in later years: A comprehensive review of elderly well-being in India
    Sandhya Bharathi Shanmugasundaram, Pitchaimani Govindharaj, Srihari Ramamoorthy, Vijayalakshmi Purusothaman
    International Journal of Noncommunicable Diseases.2026; 11(2): 82.     CrossRef
  • Factors Related to Quality of Life Among Older Adults with Family Care Vulnerability in Semi-Urban Areas of Thailand
    Arun Boonsang, Laksanee Boonkhao, Nittaya Chakhamrun, Aree Butsorn, Sanga Tubtimhin, Pongsak Rattanachaikunsopon, Sanguansin Ratanalert
    Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare.2026; Volume 19: 1.     CrossRef
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    Carina Tordai, Steven M. Schmidt, Elisabeth Argentzell, Mona Eklund
    Occupational Therapy In Health Care.2026; : 1.     CrossRef
  • Association between health-related quality of life and noncommunicable diseases in South Korea
    Seungjae Byun, Kyeongeun Kim, Min Seong Kim, Guillaume Fond, Laurent Boyer, Guillermo F. López Sánchez, Jiseung Kang, Dong Keon Yon
    Medicine.2026; 105(37): e50564.     CrossRef
  • Preventing depression in older adults with chronic illnesses through the SMART Elderly Program: a quasi-experimental study in Central Thailand
    Phongsakorn Toopboochakorn, Nanthawan Nilpayak, Phornphimon Hotarat, Wanida Jaroensuk, Phannathat Tanthanapanyakorn
    Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2026; 47(5): 405.     CrossRef
  • Convergent validity, reliability and responsiveness of the AP-7D and EQ-5D-5L based on the survey for the general people in five countries: a new cultural-specific preference-based measure developed in east and southeast asia
    Yuta Suzuki, Takeru Shiroiwa, Tatsunori Murata, Emi Kamono, Yasuhiro Morii, Takashi Fukuda
    Health and Quality of Life Outcomes.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 5,107 View
  • 115 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
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Review Article

Psychiatric adverse events associated with the COVID-19 vaccines approved in the Republic of Korea: a systematic review
Seungeun Ryoo, Miyoung Choi, Nam-Kyong Choi, Hyoung-Shik Shin, Jun Hee Woo, Byung-Joo Park, Sanghoon Oh
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2024;15(2):107-114.
Published online March 28, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0325
Psychiatric adverse events associated with the COVID-19 vaccines approved in the Republic of Korea:  a systematic review
This systematic review evaluated psychiatric adverse events (AEs) following vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We included studies that reported or investigated psychiatric AEs in individuals who had received an approved COVID-19 vaccine in the Republic of Korea. Systematic electronic searches of Ovid-Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and KoreaMed databases were conducted on March 22, 2023. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Non-randomized Studies 2.0. The study protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023449422). Of the 301 articles initially selected, 7 were included in the final analysis. All studies reported on sleep disturbances, and 2 highlighted anxiety-related AEs. Sleep disorders like insomnia and narcolepsy were the most prevalent AEs, while depression was not reported. Our review suggests that these AEs may have been influenced by biological mechanisms as well as the broader psychosocial context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although this study had limitations, such as a primary focus on the BNT162b2 vaccine and an observational study design, it offered a systematic, multi-vaccine analysis that fills a critical gap in the existing literature. This review underscores the need for continued surveillance of psychiatric AEs and guides future research to investigate underlying mechanisms, identify risk factors, and inform clinical management.

Citations

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  • Risk of anxiety disorders and insomnia following COVID-19 vaccination
    Haerin Cho, Joon Hyung Jung, Hwoyeon Seo, Won Chul Shin, Jung-Ick Byun, Suvin Park, Na-Young Jeong, Sanghoon Oh, Nam-Kyong Choi
    Journal of Psychiatric Research.2026; 192: 109.     CrossRef
  • A review of the scientific literature on experimental toxicity studies of COVID-19 vaccines, with special attention to publications in toxicology journals
    Jose L. Domingo
    Archives of Toxicology.2024; 98(11): 3603.     CrossRef
  • 25,973 View
  • 209 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
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Original Article

Effect of Paxlovid in COVID-19 treatment during the periods of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 and BN.1 subvariant dominance in the Republic of Korea: a retrospective cohort study
Dong-Hwi Kim, Min-Gyu Yoo, Na-Young Kim, So Young Choi, Minjeong Jang, Misuk An, Se-Jin Jeong, Jungyeon Kim
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2024;15(2):137-149.
Published online March 28, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0230
Effect of Paxlovid in COVID-19 treatment during the periods of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 and BN.1 subvariant dominance in the Republic of Korea:  a retrospective cohort study
Objectives
This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), particularly those aged 60 years and older. Using real-world data, the period during which the BN.1 Omicron variant was dominant was compared to the period dominated by the BA.5 variant. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, data were collected regarding 2,665,281 patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 between July 24, 2022, and March 31, 2023. Propensity score matching was utilized to match patients who received nirmatrelvir/ ritonavir in a 1:4 ratio between BN.1 and BA.5 variant groups. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the effects of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir within these groups. Results: Compared to the prior period, the efficacy of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir did not significantly differ during the interval of Omicron BN.1 variant dominance in the Republic of Korea. Among patients treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, a significantly lower risk of mortality was observed in the BN.1 group (odds ratio [OR], 0.698; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.557–0.875) compared to the BA.5 group. However, this treatment did not significantly reduce the risk of severe or critical illness, including death, for those in the BN.1 group (OR, 0.856; 95% CI, 0.728–1.007). Conclusion: Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir has maintained its effectiveness against COVID-19, even with the emergence of the BN.1 Omicron subvariant. Consequently, we strongly recommend the administration of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir to patients exhibiting COVID-19-related symptoms, irrespective of the dominant Omicron variant or their vaccination status, to mitigate disease severity and decrease the risk of mortality.

Citations

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  • Effectiveness of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir for Outpatients in the Era of Omicron, Vaccination, and Previous Infection: A Meta-analysis
    Mark Ebell, Peter Kurotschka
    Journal of General Internal Medicine.2026; 41(12): 3516.     CrossRef
  • Severity of COVID-19 Omicron Variants: A Global Systematic Review
    Deepa Malhotra, Rajeev M. Nepal, Irini Zografaki, Moe H. Kyaw, Pinelopi Nikolopoulou, Rodrigo Sini de Almeida, Santiago M. C. Lopez, Stephen Wiblin, Fraser Williams, Sophie Pope, Isabelle Whittle, Fiona Pearson, Daniel Curcio
    Infectious Diseases and Therapy.2026; 15(7): 1827.     CrossRef
  • Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Efficacy in Immunocompetent Patients with Confirmed Omicron Variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
    Elnaz Khani, Hoda Afsharirad, Ali Taghizadeh Yadegari, Meysam Zarezadeh, Hila Asham, Hossein Bannazadeh-Baghi, Taher Entezari-Maleki
    Journal of Research in Pharmacy Practice.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 4,477 View
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  • 3 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Brief Report

JYNNEOS vaccine safety monitoring in the Republic of Korea, 2022: a cross-sectional study
Jaeeun Lee, Seunghyun Lewis Kwon, Jinhee Park, Hyuna Bae, Hyerim Lee, Geun-Yong Kwon
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2023;14(5):433-438.
Published online October 18, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0182
JYNNEOS vaccine safety monitoring in the Republic of Korea, 2022: a cross-sectional study
Objectives
With the recent global mpox outbreak, the JYNNEOS vaccine (Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic) was developed as a third-generation smallpox vaccine and initially favored for mpox immunization. Vaccine-associated side effects contribute to vaccine hesitancy. Consequently, tracking adverse events post-immunization is crucial for safety management. This study used data from the national active vaccine safety surveillance conducted in Korea from August 25 to November 24, 2022 to detect potential safety signals and adverse events. Methods: Data on health conditions following vaccination were gathered from web-based surveys and reported via active surveillance through the Immunization Registry Information System. This follow-up system functioned via a text message link, surveying adverse events and health conditions beginning on the second day post-vaccination. Information about specific adverse events, including both local and systemic reactions, was collected. Results: The study included 86 healthcare workers who had received at least 1 dose of the JYNNEOS vaccine. Among the respondents, 79.1% reported experiencing at least 1 adverse event, with the majority being local reactions at the injection site. The incidence of adverse events was higher following the first dose (67.9%) than after the second dose (34.4%). The most frequently reported adverse event for both doses was mild pain at the injection site. Conclusion: The study provides crucial information on the safety of the JYNNEOS vaccine, demonstrating that most adverse events were manageable and predominantly localized to the injection site. Nonetheless, additional research is needed on the safety of various vaccine administration techniques and the vaccine’s effects on broader demographics.

Citations

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  • Enhanced Immunogenicity and Affinity with A35R-Fc-Based Chimeric Protein Compared to MPXV A35R Protein
    Shimeng Bai, Yanxin Cui, Qibin Liao, Hongyang Yi, Zhonghui Liao, Gengwei Zhang, Fenfang Wu, Hongzhou Lu
    Viruses.2025; 17(1): 116.     CrossRef
  • The Role of Adverse Event Follow-Up in Advancing the Knowledge of Medicines and Vaccines Safety: A Scoping Review
    Vijay Kara, Florence Van Hunsel, Andrew Bate, Eugène van Puijenbroek
    Drug Safety.2025; 48(9): 977.     CrossRef
  • Potential of MRNA vaccines for mpox prevention: current evidence and future directions
    Toufik Abdul-Rahman, Ogungbemi Evelyn Faith, Oyinbolaji Akinwande Ajetunmobi, Hala Ibrahim Thaalibi, Chinelo Geraldine Ikele, Gargi Gautam, Faith Olanrewaju Omotayo, Poulami Roy, Alhazan Amir Adebayo, Muslimat Abolore Mojeed, Tolulope Taiwo Kareem, Halima
    Annals of Medicine & Surgery.2025; 87(9): 5650.     CrossRef
  • Adverse Reactions After Intradermal Vaccination With JYNNEOS for Mpox in Korea
    So Yun Lim, Yu Mi Jung, Yeonjae Kim, Gayeon Kim, Jaehyun Jeon, BumSik Chin, Min-Kyung Kim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • First Nationwide Mpox Vaccination Program in the Republic of Korea: Implications for an Enhanced Public Health Response
    Seunghyun Lewis Kwon, Minju Song, Wonkyung Lee, Jeeyeon Shin, Su-Yeon Lee, Sang-Gu Yeo, Minjeong Kim, Sanggyun Jeong, Joonku Park, Dongwoo Lee, Sookyoung Lim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Global perspectives on smallpox vaccine against monkeypox: a comprehensive meta-analysis and systematic review of effectiveness, protection, safety and cross-immunogenicity
    Hao Liu, Wenjing Wang, Yang Zhang, Fuchun Wang, Junyi Duan, Tao Huang, Xiaojie Huang, Tong Zhang
    Emerging Microbes & Infections.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 5,086 View
  • 81 Download
  • 7 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Original Articles

Effects of an arteriovenous fistula stenosis prevention program in patients receiving hemodialysis
Haegyeong Lee, Gyuli Baek, Eunju Lee
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2023;14(4):279-290.
Published online August 9, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0101
Effects of an arteriovenous fistula stenosis prevention program in patients receiving hemodialysis
Objectives
To increase the efficiency of hemodialysis, an appropriate vascular pathway must be created, and its function must be maintained. This study aimed to identify the effects of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) stenosis prevention program on upper muscular strength, blood flow, physiological indexes, and self-efficacy among patients receiving hemodialysis.
Methods
The participants were patients receiving hemodialysis at Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center in Daegu, Republic of Korea. They were divided into experimental and control groups based on the day of the week they received hemodialysis at the outpatient department and included 25 participants each. The study was conducted for 8 weeks.
Results
The AVF stenosis prevention program was effective in improving upper extremity muscle strength (F=15.23, p<0.001) and blood flow rate (F=36.00, p<0.001). As a result of the program, the phosphorus index level, which is a physiological indicator in hemodialysis patients, decreased (F=8.64, p<0.001). Encouragement and support through text messages and practice lists also resulted in an increase in self-efficacy (F=18.62, p<0.001).
Conclusion
The AVF stenosis prevention program in this study resulted in an increase in upper extremity muscle strength through grip strength exercises and was effective in preventing AVF stenosis by increasing the blood flow rate.

Citations

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  • Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 as a Marker for Arteriovenous Fistula Stenosis in Chronic Kidney Disease
    Muhamad Taufik Ismail, Jumadi Sihura, Diandra Nisitasari, Balqis Khoirunnisa, Tinanda Tarigan, Yohanes William, I. Putu Aditio Artayasa, Galih Ramadhan, Afif Ramadhan, Rizkan Triatmaja, Nabila Assakinah, Laely Amalia, Yulia Wardhani, Hariadi Hariawan, Met
    International Journal of Angiology.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Observation of patency rates in patients with arteriovenous fistula stenosis treated with paclitaxel-coated high-pressure balloon angioplasty
    Wenbin Mao, Xiaoping Li
    Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Scope review of self-management intervention for arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients
    Yi Pan, Huimin Dong, Jie Yu, Xiaoping Wu
    Frontiers in Public Health.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 5,937 View
  • 246 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Prevalence and patterns of adverse events following childhood immunization and the responses of mothers in Ile-Ife, South West Nigeria: a facility-based cross-sectional survey
Olorunfemi Akinbode Ogundele, Funmito Omolola Fehintola, Mubarak Salami, Rahmat Usidebhofoh, Mary Aderemi Abaekere
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2023;14(4):291-299.
Published online July 27, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0071
Prevalence and patterns of adverse events following childhood immunization and the responses of mothers in Ile-Ife, South West Nigeria: a facility-based cross-sectional survey
Objectives
This study aimed to examine the prevalence and pattern of adverse events following childhood immunization and the responses of mothers in Ile-Ife, South West Nigeria.
Methods
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 mothers of children aged 0 to 24 months attending any of the 3 leading immunization clinics in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The respondents were selected using the multi-stage sampling technique. Data were collected using a pretested structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using IBM SPSS ver. 26.0. The chi-square test was used to test associations, while binary logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of mothers’ responses to adverse events following immunization (AEFIs). A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
The mean age of the respondents was 29.99±5.74 years. About 38% of the children had experienced an AEFI. Most mothers believed that the pentavalent vaccine was the most common cause of AEFIs (67.5%). Fever (88.0%) and pain and swelling (76.0%) were the most common AEFIs. More than half of the mothers (53.7%) administered home treatment following an AEFI. Younger mothers (odds ratio [OR], 2.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–5.01), mothers who delivered their children at a healthcare facility (OR, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.08–9.69), and mothers who were knowledgeable about reporting AEFIs (OR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.04–7.70) were most likely to respond appropriately to AEFIs.
Conclusion
The proportion of mothers who responded poorly to AEFIs experienced by their children was significant. Therefore, strategies should be implemented to improve mothers’ knowledge about AEFIs to improve their responses.

Citations

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  • A comprehensive evaluation of the AEFI surveillance system in Ethiopia: An insight from a national study
    Admas Abera, Behailu Hawulte, Tesfaye Gobena, Lemma Demissie Regassa, Saba Hailu, Ahmed Mohammed, Berhanu Fikadie Endehabtu, Mulumebet Abera Wordofa, Keneni Gutema Negeri, Girma Taye, Michael Tarekegn, Binyam Tilahun, Mesoud Mohammed, Naod Wondirad, Kibro
    Journal of Global Health Economics and Policy.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Análisis epidemiológico de eventos adversos graves posteriores a la vacunación en Colombia, 2019-2023
    Cristhian Camilo Martinez Torres, Diana Marcela Russy Roa
    Salud Javeriana.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Perception of healthcare administrators on the impediments of optimizing adverse events following immunization e-Reporting in Nigeria
    Grace Fubara Erekosima, Saheed Dipo Isiaka, Folake Oni, Ahmed Rufai Garba, Oluchi Bassey, Stephen Olabode Asaolu, Olugbemisola Wuraola Samuel, Genevieve Ozioko, Oluwafisayo Azeez Ayodeji, Euphemia Chigekwu Agomuo, Irene Odira Okoye, Sidney Sampson, Precio
    PLOS One.2025; 20(8): e0331093.     CrossRef
  • Advancing Immunization in Africa: Overcoming Challenges to Achieve the 2030 Global Immunization Targets
    Olalekan Okesanya, Gbolahan Olatunji, Noah Olaleke, Mba Mercy, Ayodele Ilesanmi, Hassan Kayode, Emery Manirambona, Mohamed Ahmed, Bonaventure Ukoaka, Don Lucero-Prisno III
    Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics.2024; Volume 15: 83.     CrossRef
  • 7,592 View
  • 243 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Results of contact tracing for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-lineages (BA.4, BA.5, BA.2.75) and the household secondary attack risk
Mi Yu, Sang-Eun Lee, Hye Young Lee, Hye-jin Kim, Yeong-Jun Song, Jian Jeong, Ae Kyung Park, Il-Hwan Kim, Eun-jin Kim, Young-Joon Park
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2023;14(3):173-179.
Published online June 22, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0285
Results of contact tracing for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-lineages (BA.4, BA.5, BA.2.75) and the household secondary attack risk
Objectives
This study aimed to assess the contact tracing outcomes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron sub-lineages BA.4, BA.5, and BA.2.75 within Republic of Korea, and to generate foundational data for responding to future novel variants.
Methods
We conducted investigations and contact tracing for 79 confirmed BA.4 cases, 396 confirmed BA.5 cases, and 152 confirmed BA.2.75 cases. These cases were identified through random sampling of both domestically confirmed and imported cases, with the goal of evaluating the pattern of occurrence and transmissibility.
Results
We detected 79 instances of Omicron sub-lineage BA.4 across a span of 46 days, 396 instances of Omicron sub-lineage BA.5 in 46 days, and 152 instances of Omicron sub-lineage BA.2.75 over 62 days. One patient with severe illness was confirmed among the BA.5 cases; however, there were no reports of severe illness in the confirmed BA.4 and BA.2.75 cases. The secondary attack risk among household contacts were 19.6% for BA.4, 27.8% for BA.5, and 24.3% for BA.2.75. No statistically significant difference was found between the Omicron sub-lineages.
Conclusion
BA.2.75 did not demonstrate a higher tendency for transmissibility, disease severity, or secondary attack risk within households when compared to BA.4 and BA.5. We will continue to monitor major SARS-CoV-2 variants, and we plan to enhance the disease control and response systems.

Citations

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  • Severity of COVID-19 Omicron Variants: A Global Systematic Review
    Deepa Malhotra, Rajeev M. Nepal, Irini Zografaki, Moe H. Kyaw, Pinelopi Nikolopoulou, Rodrigo Sini de Almeida, Santiago M. C. Lopez, Stephen Wiblin, Fraser Williams, Sophie Pope, Isabelle Whittle, Fiona Pearson, Daniel Curcio
    Infectious Diseases and Therapy.2026; 15(7): 1827.     CrossRef
  • Monitoring the 2023 Omicron waves in Morocco: Trends in incidence, variants, and testing disparities
    El Kamouni Youssef, Almaggoussi Rim, Arsalane Lamiae, Merabet Moad, El Youbi Mohammed, Zouhair Said
    IJID Regions.2026; 20: 100948.     CrossRef
  • Impact of disease severity, age, sex, comorbidity, and vaccination on secondary attack rates of SARS-CoV-2: a global systematic review and meta-analysis
    Dewan Md. Sumsuzzman, Yang Ye, Zhen Wang, Abhishek Pandey, Joanne M. Langley, Alison P. Galvani, Seyed M. Moghadas
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Replication kinetics and infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant sublineages recovered in the Republic of Korea
    Jeong-Min Kim, Dongju Kim, Jee Eun Rhee, Cheon Kwon Yoo, Eun-Jin Kim
    Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2024; 15(3): 260.     CrossRef
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  • 89 Download
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  • Crossref

Review Article

Carbapenem resistance in critically important human pathogens isolated from companion animals: a systematic literature review
Angie Alexandra Rincón-Real, Martha Cecilia Suárez-Alfonso
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2022;13(6):407-423.
Published online December 16, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0033
This study aimed to describe the presence and geographical distribution of Gram-negativebacteria considered critical on the priority list of antibiotic-resistant pathogens publishedby the World Health Organization, including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae,carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp., and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.A systematic review of original studies published in 5 databases between 2010 and 2021 wasconducted, including genotypically confirmed carbapenem-resistant isolates obtained fromcanines, felines, and their settings. Fifty-one articles met the search criteria. Carbapenemresistant isolates were found in domestic canines and felines, pet food, and on veterinarymedical and household surfaces. The review found that the so-called “big five”—that is, the5 major carbapenemases identified worldwide in Enterobacterales (New Delhi metallo-βlactamase, active-on-imipenem, Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase, Klebsiellapneumoniae carbapenemase, and oxacillin [OXA]-48-like)—and the 3 most importantcarbapenemases from Acinetobacter spp. (OXA-23-like, OXA-40-like, and OXA-58-like) hadbeen detected in 8 species in the Enterobacteriaceae family and 5 species of glucose nonfermenting bacilli on 5 continents. Two publications used molecular analysis to confirmcarbapenem-resistant bacteria transmission between owners and dogs. Isolating criticallyimportant human carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria from domestic canines andfelines highlights the importance of including these animal species in surveillance programsand antimicrobial resistance containment plans as part of the One Health approach.

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  • Reducing carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacilli in high-risk veterinary hospital units through targeted infection prevention and control
    Chavin Leelapsawas, Chutirat Torsahakul, Nicole Sirisopit Mehl, Krishaporn Kradangnga, Parinya Sroithongkham, Rusmin Indra, Parnkaew Wannamala, Luksika Keerativitayanant, Rungtip Chuanchuen, Pattrarat Chanchaithong
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    Laura Fernandes, Joana Moreira da Silva, Juliana Menezes, Cátia Marques, Cátia Caneiras, Constança Pomba
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    Karen Mazzola, Aliai Lanci, Silvia Piva, Viviana Schisa, Jole Mariella, Raffaele Scarpellini, Francesca Freccero, Erica De Carolis, Fabio Tumietto, Carolina Castagnetti
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    Raffaele Scarpellini, Silvia Piva
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    Rael J. Too, Briton M. Kavulavu, George C. Gitao, Lilly C. Bebora, Dixie F. Mollenkopf, Samuel Kariuki, Thomas E. Wittum
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    R. Scarpellini, M. Giunti, F. Dondi, C. Agnoli, L. Pisoni, S. Del Magno, A. Foglia, I. Magagnoli, E. Esposito, E. Mondo, F. Tumietto, S. Piva
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  • Survey-based risk factors and genomic characterization of oral and oropharyngeal Enterobacterales carriage in humans and companion animals: a One Health study
    W. Cooper Brookshire, K. Taylor Hellmann, D. Ashley Robinson, Keun Seok Seo
    Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • NDM-5-plasmid diversity in multiple international high-risk Escherichia coli clones associated with canine and feline extraintestinal infections
    Pattrarat Chanchaithong, Parinya Sroithongkham, Chavin Leelapsawas, Komkiew Pinpimai, Jitrapa Yindee, Alexandra Collaud, Vincent Perreten
    Veterinary Microbiology.2025; 301: 110338.     CrossRef
  • Staphylococcal skin infection isolates from dogs without recent antibiotic exposure are 100% susceptible to clindamycin
    W. Cooper Brookshire, Larry D. Ballard, Vernon C. Langston, Joo Youn Park, Keun-Seok Seo
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    Veterinary Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Yvonne Spahr, Patrice Nordmann, Javier E Fernandez, Laurent Poirel, Andrea Endimiani, Vincent Perreten
    Journal of Applied Microbiology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • WGS-based characterization of trans-sectoral OXA-48-producing Escherichia coli in Switzerland
    Valentina Donà, Patrice Nordmann, Javier E. Fernandez, Laurent Poirel, Jacqueline Findlay, Simone Schuller, Sonja Kittl, Helene Rohrbach, Andrea Endimiani, Vincent Perreten
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    Patrycja Głowacka, Izabela Marczuk, Patrycja Wójcicka, Monika Ogórkiewicz, Marta Ciesielska, Dorota Żakowska, Paweł Rutyna, Anna Koszczyńska, Marta Łączyńska, Natalia Podsiadły, Emilia Paziewska, Beata Cieśluk-Olchowska
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    Kazuki Harada, Tadashi Miyamoto, Michiyo Sugiyama, Tetsuo Asai
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Original Article

Menstrual hygiene management and its determinants among adolescent girls in low-income urban areas of Delhi, India: a community-based study
Suneela Garg, Nidhi Bhatnagar, Mongjam Meghachandra Singh, Saurav Basu, Amod Borle, Yamini Marimuthu, Falak Azmi, Yomri Dabi, Indu Bala
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2022;13(4):273-281.
Published online August 31, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0127
Objectives
Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) in developing countries is linked to human rights, social justice, and the education and empowerment of young girls. The objective of this study was to assess menstrual hygiene practices and their determinants among adolescent girls, including school dropouts, and the effects of pad distribution programs in urban resettlement areas of Delhi, India.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2019 to February 2020 in urban resettlement colonies and 2 villages of Delhi among 1,130 adolescent girls aged 10 to 19 years, who were interviewed face to face.
Results
In total, 954 participants (84.4%) used only disposable sanitary pads, 150 (13.3%) used both sanitary pads and cloths, and 26 (2.3%) used only cloths (n=1,130). Most school-going girls utilized the scheme for pad distribution, but only two-thirds of the girls who were out of school utilized the scheme. In the adjusted analysis, girls with lower educational status, those who had dropped out of school, and those from the Muslim religious community were more likely to use cloths for MHM.
Conclusion
More than 4 out of 5 adolescent girls in Delhi in low-income neighborhoods preferred sanitary pads for MHM. The government free pad scheme reached near-universal utilization among school-going girls (97%), but the subsidized pad scheme for girls who did not attend school was insufficiently utilized (75%).

Citations

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Review Article

Social determinants of adherence to COVID-19 preventive guidelines: a comprehensive review
Zahra Jorjoran Shushtari, Yahya Salimi, Sina Ahmadi, Nader Rajabi-Gilan, Marzieh Shirazikhah, Akbar Biglarian, Ali Almasi, Mohammad Ali Mohammadi Gharehghani
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2021;12(6):346-360.
Published online December 21, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0180
Social determinants of adherence to COVID-19 preventive guidelines: a comprehensive review
Adherence to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preventive guidelines (ACPG) is an important strategy to control the COVID-19 pandemic effectively. The present study aimed to identify and summarize the social determinants of ACPG among the general population. A comprehensive review was performed from December 2019 to February 2021 through searching electronic databases. Two independent reviewers assessed and selected relevant studies. Next, the characteristics and main findings of the included studies were summarized. Finally, the World Health Organization’s conceptual framework of social determinants of health was used to synthesize the identified social determinants of ACPG. Forty-one of 453 retrieved articles met the inclusion criteria. The study results showed different patterns of ACPG among various communities. Furthermore, 84 social determinants were identified and categorized into structural and intermediary determinants. ACPG is a set of complex behaviors associated with different individual sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics; living and working conditions; COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and risk perceptions; exposure to sources and information level; leisure activities; social support; trust; social norms; psychosocial well-being; socio-economic position; and the socio-economic and political context. Interventions to promote ACPG among the general population should consider the identified social determinants of ACPG.

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Original Articles

Validity and reliability of the Health-Related Quality of Life Instrument with 8 Items (HINT-8) in Korean breast cancer patients
Juyoung Kim, Min-Woo Jo, Hyeon-Jeong Lee, Sei-Hyun Ahn, Byung Ho Son, Jong Won Lee, Sae Byul Lee
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2021;12(4):254-263.
Published online August 5, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0005
Objectives
This study evaluated the validity and reliability of the Health-Related Quality of Life Instrument with 8 Items (HINT-8) in postoperative breast cancer patients in South Korea.
Methods
The study included 300 breast cancer patients visiting a tertiary hospital. We measured health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using the HINT-8, the 5-level EQ-5D version (EQ-5D-5L), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B). Discriminatory ability, known-group validity, and convergent validity were assessed. Reliability was evaluated with the Cohen kappa, weighted kappa, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
Results
The EQ-5D-5L indexes (p<0.001) and EQ visual analogue scale (VAS) scores (p<0.001) were significantly higher in subjects with no problems in each item of the HINT-8 than in those with problems. The FACT-B total scores were also higher in subjects without problems on the HINT-8. Older age, lower education level, and comorbidities were associated with a lower HINT-8 index. The HINT-8 index was correlated with the EQ-5D-5L index and the EQ VAS, with correlation coefficients of 0.671 (p<0.001) and 0.577 (p<0.001), respectively. The correlation coefficients between the HINT-8 and the FACT-B ranged from 0.390 to 0.714. The ICC was 0.690 (95% confidence interval, 0.580–0.780).
Conclusion
The HINT-8 showed appropriate validity for capturing HRQoL in postoperative breast cancer patients.

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Sex differences in weight perception and weight gain among Black college students in the USA
Jounghee Lee, Jaesin Sa, Jean-Philippe Chaput, James Heimdal, Beatrice Nelson, Beom-Young Cho, Elizabeth Kwon
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2021;12(2):96-104.
Published online April 29, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.12.2.07
Objectives
The aims of this study were to examine the prevalence of overweight/obesity and to explore sex differences in body weight perceptions and correlates of weight gain among Black students at 2 historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) in the USA.
Methods
Participants completed a paper-based survey, and their height and weight were measured (67% completion rate).
Results
The overweight and obesity rates were 33.8% and 26.9%, respectively. More females than males accurately assessed their weight (<italic>p</italic><0.05). Body weight underestimation was associated with male sex, excellent/very good perceived overall health, and not being informed by a doctor of having overweight or obesity (<italic>p</italic><0.01). Higher odds of ≥5% weight gain were related to female sex, living on campus, and not being informed by a doctor of having overweight or obesity (<italic>p</italic><0.05).
Conclusion
Given the high overweight and obesity rates among Black students, HBCUs in the USA should develop intervention strategies for the prevention and management of overweight and obesity. College health educators at HBCUs need to provide regular check-ups or health screenings that help male students perceive their weight accurately and prevent weight underestimation. It is important for HBCUs to monitor and address weight gain among Black students as early as possible.

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  • Relationships between nutritional intake, appetite regulation, and mental health with body composition among female college students with overweight and obesity
    Qiang Wang, Soh Kim Geok, Mahmoud Danaee, Wan Ying Gan, Wang Li Zhu, Yi Qiang Mai, Sheng Yao Luo
    Frontiers in Psychology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Kaihan Yang, Anqi Zhao, Yujie Xie, Zhanyi Xu, Yubinxin Peng, Haiyang Tang
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  • Análisis de la relación entre el Índice de Masa Corporal y la somnolencia diurna en universitarios mexicanos.
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    Revista Española de Nutrición Humana y Dietética.2023; 27(3): 205.     CrossRef
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Use of Menstrual Sanitary Products in Women of Reproductive Age: Korea Nurses’ Health Study
Hansol Choi, Nam-Kyoo Lim, Heeja Jung, Oksoo Kim, Hyun-Young Park
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2021;12(1):20-28.
Published online February 1, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.12.1.04
<sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>The use of menstrual hygiene products and its effect on women’s health remains under studied. Patterns of menstrual hygiene product use and the rationale behind choices among Korean women aged 18–45 years were examined.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>This cross-sectional study was a part of the Korea Nurses’ Health Study. A total of 20,613 nurses participated, and 8,658 nurses participated in Module 7 which included a menstrual hygiene products-related survey. The data were collected through the mobile survey using a self-reported questionnaire. Participants’ use of menstrual hygiene products and related characteristics were analyzed using frequency (percentage) or mean (SD).</p></sec> <sec> <title>Results</title> <p>The most common types of menstrual hygiene products across all age groups were disposable menstrual pads (89.0%), followed by cloth menstrual pads (4.5%), tampons (4.2%), and only 1.6% used a menstrual cup. Disposable menstrual pads were the most common across all age groups, but in those aged under 30 years this was followed by tampon use (6%). The most important criteria when choosing a menstrual hygiene product was comfort for disposable menstrual pads (31.3%) and tampons (41.5%), natural ingredients or organic products for cloth menstrual pads (51.4%), and custom fit for the menstrual cup (50.7%). However, for all menstrual hygiene products (except cloth menstrual pads), there was a higher proportion of anxiety than perception of safety, and low awareness of toxic shock syndrome.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>It is important for women to use menstrual hygiene products with confidence. More research is needed to better understand potential health effects of menstrual hygiene products.</p></sec>

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Primary Healthcare Under Transformation in 3 Eastern European Countries: Quality Satisfaction as Rated by Students
Sviatlana Ahiyevets, Andrei Shpakou, Joanna Baj-Korpak, Ewa Kleszczewska, Katarzyna Rzatkiewicz, Krzysztof Mancewicz, Valentina Stetsenko, Semen Stetsenko
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2020;11(5):286-295.
Published online October 22, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.5.04
<sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>This study aimed to determine the reasons for student dissatisfaction with the quality of primary healthcare (PHC) in countries under healthcare system transformation (Belarus, Poland, and Ukraine) to identify reserves and make improvements.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>A comparative multipopulation survey was translated, verified, and completed during face-to-face interviews during March 2019 to May 2019. There were 700 Humanities students included in this study to determine satisfaction with the quality of PHC provided by the family doctor. Satisfaction was assessed according to the availability of the doctor, the level of organization of the institution, the service process, the quality of the interaction with the doctor, adherence to the rights of patients, and any additional financial expense incurred by the patient.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Results</title> <p>Politeness and attentiveness of doctors were rated highly. Dissatisfaction was associated with the negative attitude of medical personnel towards the patient. One in 10 respondents replied that medical confidentiality was not observed. More than 65% of students had paid for diagnostic tests/or treatments, and some respondents from Poland and Ukraine were asked by the doctor to pay for services without a receipt.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>Dissatisfaction with the quality of PHC in countries under transformation of the health system was largely due to ethical aspects of the doctor-patient relationship. Therefore, ethical standards need to be upheld and patients need to be aware of these standards using medical education materials covering the moral aspects of the relationship between medical personnel and patient.</p></sec>

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  • The perception of outpatient care quality by healthcare users in Ukraine
    Valentyna Anufriyeva, Milena Pavlova, Tetiana Stepurko, Wim Groot
    International Journal of Healthcare Management.2024; 17(1): 25.     CrossRef
  • Satisfaction with primary health care in Ukraine in 2016–2020: A difference-in-differences analysis on repeated cross-sectional data
    Valentyna Anufriyeva, Milena Pavlova, Tetiana Chernysh (Stepurko), Wim Groot
    Health Policy.2023; 137: 104916.     CrossRef
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  • 189 Download
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Relationship Between Assertion and Aggression with Addiction Potential: A Cross-Sectional Study in 2019
Mohammad Amiri, Zakieh Sadeghi, Elham Sadeghi, Ahmad Khosravi
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2020;11(4):231-238.
Published online August 31, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.4.12
<sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>This study aimed to determine the relationship between assertion and aggression with addiction potential among students in Shahroud University of Medical Sciences.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>In this cross-sectional study conducted in 2019, 500 students of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, were selected by multistage random sampling, for a study using the Addiction Potential Scale, and Assertion and Aggression Questionnaires. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, Chi-square, <italic>t</italic> test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and the linear regression model.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Results</title> <p>The mean scores of addiction potential, aggression, and assertion were 32.7 ± 17.2, 41.5 ± 12.9 and 139.4 ± 22.3, respectively. In this study, 38.8% (<italic>N</italic> = 194) of students had high aggression and 76.8% (<italic>N</italic> = 384) had high assertion. In the regression model, aggression, history of drug and addictive substances abuse, history of tobacco use, and history of alcohol abuse were significantly related to addiction potential (<italic>p</italic> ≤ 0.05). There was a negative relationship between assertion and addiction potential so that with one-unit increase in the assertion score, the addiction potential score decreased by −0.11.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>Given the direct relationship between aggression and addiction potential, and since more than three-quarters of the students had moderate to high aggression, it is necessary to pay more attention to this issue. Interventions may play an important role in improving the current situation.</p></sec>

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    Li-Shuang Chen, Ying Yao, Ming-Sheng Xiong
    BMC Psychiatry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    The Open Public Health Journal.2021; 14(1): 32.     CrossRef
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Epidemiological Characteristics of Field Tick-Borne Pathogens in Gwang-ju Metropolitan Area, South Korea, from 2014 to 2018
Jung Wook Park, Seung Hun Lee, Gi Seong Lee, Jin Jong Seo, Jae Keun Chung
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2020;11(4):177-184.
Published online August 31, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.4.06
<sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>The importance of tick-borne diseases is increasing because of climate change, with a lack of long-term studies on tick-borne pathogens in South Korea. To understand the epidemiological characteristics of tick-borne diseases, the monthly distribution of field ticks throughout the year was studied in South Korea between May 2014 and April 2018 in a cross sectional study.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>The presence of various tick-borne pathogens (<italic>Rickettsia</italic> species, <italic>Borrelia</italic> species, <italic>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</italic>) was confirmed by using polymerase chain reaction, to provide information for a prevention strategy against tick-borne pathogenic infections, through increased understanding of the relationship between seasonal variation and risk of infection with <italic>Rickettsia</italic> species. This was performed using logistic regression analysis (SPSS 20, IBM, USA) of the data obtained from the study.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Results</title> <p>During the study period there were 11,717 ticks collected and 4 species identified. <italic>Haemapysalis longicornis</italic> was the most common species (<italic>n</italic> = 10,904, 93.1%), followed by <italic>Haemapysalis flava</italic> (<italic>n</italic> = 656, 5.6%), <italic>Ixodes nipponensis</italic> (<italic>n</italic> = 151, 1.3%), and <italic>Amblyomma testudinarium</italic> (<italic>n</italic> = 6, 0.05%) The results of this cross-sectional study showed that <italic>Haemapysalis flava</italic> carried a higher risk of transmission of <italic>Rickettsia</italic> species than other tick species (<italic>p</italic> < 0.05).</p></sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>In conclusion, due attention should be paid to preventing tick-borne infections in humans whilst engaged in outdoor activities in Spring and Autumn, particularly in places where there is a high prevalence of ticks.</p></sec>

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Annual Fluctuation in Chigger Mite Populations and Orientia Tsutsugamushi Infections in Scrub Typhus Endemic Regions of South Korea
Seong Yoon Kim, Byoungchul Gill, Bong Gu Song, Hyuk Chu, Won Il Park, Hee Il Lee, E-hyun Shin, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Jong Yul Roh
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2019;10(6):351-358.
Published online December 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2019.10.6.05
<sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>Chigger mites are vectors for scrub typhus. This study evaluated the annual fluctuations in chigger mite populations and <italic>Orientia tsutsugamushi</italic> infections in South Korea.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>During 2006 and 2007, chigger mites were collected monthly from wild rodents in 4 scrub typhus endemic regions of South Korea. The chigger mites were classified based on morphological characteristics, and analyzed using nested PCR for the detection of <italic>Orientia tsutsugamushi</italic>.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Results</title> <p>During the surveillance period, the overall trapping rate for wild rodents was 10.8%. In total, 17,457 chigger mites (representing 5 genera and 15 species) were collected, and the average chigger index (representing the number of chigger mites per rodent), was 31.7. The monthly chigger index was consistently high (> 30) in Spring (March to April) and Autumn (October to November). The mite species included <italic>Leptotrombidium pallidum</italic> (43.5%), <italic>L. orientale</italic> (18.9%), <italic>L. scutellare</italic> (18.1%), <italic>L. palpale</italic> (10.6%), and <italic>L. zetum</italic> (3.6%). <italic>L. scutellare</italic> and <italic>L. palpale</italic> populations, were relatively higher in Autumn. Monthly <italic>O. tsutsugamushi</italic> infection rates in wild rodents (average: 4.8%) and chigger mites (average: 0.7%) peaked in Spring and Autumn.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>The findings demonstrated a bimodal pattern of the incidence of <italic>O. tsutsugamushi</italic> infections. Higher infection rates were observed in both wild rodents and chigger mites, in Spring and Autumn. However, this did not reflect the unimodal incidence of scrub typhus in Autumn. Further studies are needed to identify factors, such as human behavior and harvesting in Autumn that may explain this discordance.</p></sec>

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    BMC Infectious Diseases.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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<sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>This study compared the socioeconomic status, medical use and expenditures for infants (1–5 years), juveniles (6–12 years), and adolescents (13–19 years) with a chronic condition or disease to determine factors affecting health spending.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>Data from 3,677 minors (< 20 years old, without disabilities) were extracted from the Korea Health Panel (2015) database.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Results</title> <p>Minors with chronic conditions or diseases were older (juveniles, and adolescents; <italic>p</italic> < 0.001), and included a higher proportion of Medicaid recipients (<italic>p</italic> = 0.004), a higher use of hospital outpatient care (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001), and higher medical expenditure (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001) compared to minors without chronic conditions or diseases. Boys were more likely to have a chronic condition or disease than girls (<italic>p</italic> = 0.036). Adolescents and juveniles were more likely than infants to have a chronic condition or disease (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001). Medicaid recipients were more likely to have a chronic condition or disease than those who were not Medicaid recipients (<italic>p</italic> = 0.008). Minors who had been hospital outpatients were more likely to have a chronic condition or disease, compared with minors who had not been an outpatient (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001). Having a chronic condition or disease, was a factor increasing medical expenditure (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001). Medical expenditure was higher in infants than in juveniles and adolescents (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001). Infants had higher rates of medical use when compared with juveniles and adolescents (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001).</p></sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>These findings suggest that systematic health care management for minors with chronic conditions or diseases, is needed.</p></sec>

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  • Household income and maternal education in early childhood and activity-limiting chronic health conditions in late childhood: findings from birth cohort studies from six countries
    Nicholas James Spencer, Johnny Ludvigsson, Yueyue You, Kate Francis, Yara Abu Awad, Wolfgang Markham, Tomas Faresjö, Jeremy Goldhaber-Fiebert, Pär Andersson White, Hein Raat, Fiona Mensah, Lise Gauvin, Jennifer J McGrath
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  • 169 Download
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Interaction Between Smoking Cigarettes and Alcohol Consumption on Sexual Experience in High School Students
Soo Jeong Kim, Kyoung Won Cho
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2019;10(5):274-280.
Published online October 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2019.10.5.03
<sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>This study aimed to analyze nationwide representative data from the 11<sup>th</sup> Korean Youth Health Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey to determine whether factors including socio-demographics, smoking and alcohol consumption, were factors related to high school students that had experienced sexual intercourse.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>A total of 33,744 students (17,346 boys and 16,398 girls) in 1<sup>st</sup>, 2<sup>nd</sup>, and 3<sup>rd</sup> grade at high school were analyzed. SPSS complex samples methods were used for analyses. Socio-demographic and health risk behaviors (type of region of residence, family structure, and economic status, student academic achievement, gender, high school grade, pocket money, student smoking, alcohol consumption, and having engaged in sexual intercourse) were considered as independent variables.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Results</title> <p>There were 3.6% of girls and 9.9% of boys in high school that were sexually active. This behavior and the average number of cigarettes smoked daily, and alcohol consumed weekly, represented a dose-response relationship, after considering confounding factors. Compared with students that did not smoke or consume alcohol, smoking 1–9 cigarettes per day and consuming 1–6 cups of alcohol and group “smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day and consuming more than 7 cups of alcohol, had a 5.94 and 22.25 higher risk of having had sexual intercourse, respectively.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption were associated with an increased likelihood of high school students engaging in sexual intercourse.</p></sec>

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  • The relationship between risky sexual behaviors and sexual health literacy and self-esteem in young women
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    Ka Young Kim, Hye Young Shin
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The Relationship Between Health-Promoting Lifestyle and Its Related Factors with Self-Efficacy and Well-Being of Students
Mohammad Amiri, Reza Chaman, Ahmad Khosravi
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2019;10(4):221-227.
Published online August 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2019.10.4.04
<sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>Unhealthy lifestyles among young people are seriously related to incapacity and health problems in adulthood. The aim of this study was to determine the importance of a health-promoting lifestyle and its association with self-efficacy and well-being.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 500 students from Shahroud University of Medical Sciences (Shahroud, Iran) were randomly selected in 2017. The Persian versions of Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile, Self-Efficacy Scale, and WHO-5 Well-Being Index were used.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Results</title> <p>Among the participants, 34% of students had an abnormal imaginable well-being, and 68% of students had high self-efficacy. The mean score of a health-promoting lifestyle was 127.47 ± 19.78, which is interpreted as moderate, and the mean score of physical activity was 14.10 ± 4.95, which is poor. There was a significant relationship between well-being, and self-efficacy with health-promoting lifestyle. Age, gender, educational level, place of residence, student employment, self-efficacy, and well-being were associated with students’ lifestyles.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>A health-promoting lifestyle of students in this study was moderate and they did not have an acceptable level of physical activity. The direct effect of well-being, and self-efficacy on lifestyle, revising students’ curriculums to improve their health behaviors, and general health indicators, can all lead to the enhancement of health-promoting lifestyles.</p></sec>

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Factors Influencing Exposure to Secondhand Smoke: Passive Inhalation in Student Nurses
Sun-A Park, Do-Hoon Lee, Hee-Su Lim
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2019;10(2):78-84.
Published online April 30, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2019.10.2.06
<sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>To examine the factors affecting passive exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) in non-smoking student nurses.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>A cross-sectional study was performed in 196 college students who had not smoked cigarettes in the past 12 months. Urinary cotinine levels were examined to identify exposure to SHS, and social factors were identified that influenced exposure to SHS, including requests that smokers extinguish cigarettes. Logistic regression analysis was used to predict the factors influencing SHS.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Results</title> <p>Urinary cotinine measurements showed that 32 students (16.3%) were exposed to SHS. Risk factors that increased exposure to SHS affected 80 students (40.8%) in the previous 7 days. Students who were exposed to SHS were 4.45-times more likely to have increased urinary cotinine levels than those who were not exposed. Students who asked others to extinguish their cigarettes were 0.34 times less likely to test positive than those who did not.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>Urinary cotinine was a useful biomarker for identifying exposure to SHS, with respect to the influence of demographic, health-related, and smoking-related factors. In non-smoking nursing students, avoiding exposure to SHS was attributed to self-assertive behavior by requesting smokers to extinguish cigarettes.</p></sec>

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  • Second hand smoke attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
    Zheng Su, Ying Xie, Zhenxiao Huang, Anqi Cheng, Xinmei Zhou, Min Wang, Xin Xia, Tingfen Ji, Liang Zhao, Zhao Liu, Dan Xiao, Chen Wang
    Respiratory Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 9,247 View
  • 79 Download
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Effects of Smoking Cessation Intervention Education Program Based on Blended Learning among Nursing Students in South Korea
Sook-Hee Choi, Yun-Hee Kim
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2018;9(4):185-191.
Published online August 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.4.07
<sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>This study was conducted to evaluate whether a “smoking cessation intervention” education program based on blended learning, was effective in improving nursing students’ perceived competence and motivation to perform a smoking cessation intervention for smokers.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>A quasi-experimental, pretest–posttest design was conducted. The smoking cessation intervention education program based on blended learning, was administered to the experimental group (<italic>n</italic> = 23) in 5 sessions, consisting of 2 courses of an e-learning program and 1 course of a face-to-face learning program per session. The control group (<italic>n</italic> = 21) received the opportunity to participate in an e-learning program as well as receiving material of a face-to-face learning program, after completion of the smoking cessation intervention education program.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Results</title> <p>The experimental group showed significant differences in autonomous motivation (<italic>t</italic> = −6.982, <italic>p</italic> < 0.001), controlled motivation (<italic>t</italic> = −3.729, <italic>p</italic> = 0.001), and perceived competence compared to the control group (<italic>t</italic> = −3.801, <italic>p</italic> < 0.001).</p></sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>This study showed that a smoking cessation intervention education program adopting blended learning, was significantly effective in enhancing nursing students’ autonomous motivation and perceived competence to conduct a smoking cessation intervention. Further studies are needed to confirm longitudinal effects of this program.</p></sec>

Citations

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  • Systematic literature review on the effects of blended learning in nursing education
    Ruowei Wang, Arumugam Raman
    Nurse Education in Practice.2025; 82: 104238.     CrossRef
  • Development and evaluation of virtual simulation for smoking cessation counseling education program for nursing students
    Eun-Hye Lee, Sung-Rae Shin
    BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of debriefing after a short training on brief tobacco intervention for nursing students: A randomized clinical trial
    Antonio Jesús Ramos-Morcillo, César Leal-Costa, María Suárez-Cortés, Alonso Molina-Rodríguez, María Ruzafa-Martínez
    Nurse Education in Practice.2025; 86: 104393.     CrossRef
  • Educational interventions promoting modifiable lifestyle behaviours for cardiovascular disease in pre-registration nursing students: a scoping review
    Laura Creighton, Gemma Caughers, Gary Mitchell, James McMahon, Lis Neubeck, Donna Fitzsimons
    BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The learning outcomes of smoking cessation training in undergraduate nursing students: A systematic review
    Guowen Zhang, Jie Zhou, Tzu Tsun Luk, Veronica Suk Fun Lam, Zhuangyan Yao, Man Ping Wang, Yee Tak Derek Cheung
    Nurse Education in Practice.2024; 75: 103907.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of digital tools for smoking cessation in Asian countries: a systematic review
    Khang Wen Goh, Long Chiau Ming, Yaser Mohammed Al-Worafi, Ching Siang Tan, Andi Hermansyah, Inayat Ur Rehman, Zahid Ali
    Annals of Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • E-Learning Experiences Among Nursing Students: A Scoping Review
    Adam Marawa'a
    Advances in Medical Education and Practice.2024; Volume 15: 369.     CrossRef
  • A Self-Applied Psychological Treatment for Gambling-Related Problems via The Internet: A Pilot, Feasibility Study
    Laura Diaz-Sanahuja, Carlos Suso-Ribera, Ignacio Lucas, Susana Jiménez-Murcia, Cintia Tur, Patricia Gual-Montolio, Macarena Paredes-Mealla, Azucena García-Palacios, Juana María Bretón-López
    Journal of Gambling Studies.2024; 40(3): 1623.     CrossRef
  • The effectiveness of a motivational text-messaging program for smoking cessation after coronary angioplasty: a quasi-experimental study
    Mohammad Sadegh Mobaraki, Zahra Khademian, Fatemeh Shirazi
    BMC Research Notes.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Investigation of Postgraduate Theses on Using of Web-Based Education in Nursing Education
    Hüsne YÜCESOY, Nülüfer ERBİL
    Middle Black Sea Journal of Health Science.2023; 9(3): 403.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of a blended learning programme in enhancing the communication skill competence and self-efficacy of nursing students in conducting clinical handovers: a randomised controlled trial
    Jessie Yuk Seng Chung, William Ho Cheung Li, Ankie Tan Cheung, Laurie Long Kwan Ho, Joyce Oi Kwan Chung
    BMC Medical Education.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of flipped learning-based smoking cessation intervention education program for nursing students in South Korea
    Yein Lee, Yunhee Kim
    The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing .2022; 28(2): 147.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of Diabetes Nursing Course Designed With Hybrid Learning Pedagogy: A Pilot Study
    Gülten OKUROĞLU, Şule ALPAR ECEVİT
    Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences.2022; 12(2): 507.     CrossRef
  • Covid-19 ile Hemşirelik Eğitiminde Yeni Bir Yaklaşım: Harmanlanmış Öğrenme
    Elif KOCAAĞALAR AKİNCE, Duygu Ceren GÜNGÖR, Nilay ÖZKÜTÜK, Fatma ORGUN
    Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Akademi Dergisi.2022; 4(10): 975.     CrossRef
  • Impact of tobacco cessation education on behaviors of nursing undergraduates in helping smoker to quit smoking
    Li Zhang, Xian Huang, Tao Luo, Li Jiang, Mei Jiang, Han Chen
    Tobacco Induced Diseases.2021; 19(July): 1.     CrossRef
  • Blended learning in undergraduate nursing education – A scoping review
    Don M. Leidl, Lauren Ritchie, Neda Moslemi
    Nurse Education Today.2020; 86: 104318.     CrossRef
  • Comparing student achievement in traditional learning with a combination of blended and flipped learning
    Suhaila Halasa, Nimer Abusalim, Mohammad Rayyan, Rose E. Constantino, Omayah Nassar, Huda Amre, Moayad Sharab, Insirah Qadri
    Nursing Open.2020; 7(4): 1129.     CrossRef
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Effects of Physical Activity on Depression in Adults with Diabetes
Deok-Ju Kim
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2018;9(4):143-149.
Published online August 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.4.02
<sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>The purpose of this study was to identify the current state of physical activity in adults with diabetes and to investigate the effect of physical activity on depression.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>The present study was conducted using data from the 2<sup>nd</sup> year of the 6<sup>th</sup> Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. From the total of 7,550 individuals, 418 adults diagnosed with diabetes were selected as participants, and their physical activity and depression levels were examined.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Results</title> <p>The physical activity status of the participants showed that they did not usually engage in physical activities at work, and only a few participants were involved in moderate intensity physical leisure activity. Apart from walking for 10 minutes each day, which accounted for 1/3 of the participants, most of the participants did not engage in specific forms of exercise. An examination of the effects of physical activity on depression revealed that moderate intensity physical activity at work and leisure influenced depression. In terms of demographic characteristics, gender, occupation, income quintile, and subjective health status were all found to affect depression.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>For elderly (60 years or older) patients with diabetes, which accounted for the majority of the diabetic population, a systematic leisure program and professional education are necessary to help them to manage stress and depression in daily life. Additionally, provision of community and family support should encourage regular, moderate intensity exercise and promote lifestyle changes to encourage increased physical activity.</p></sec>

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  • Physical activity is associated with depression and depressive symptoms in US adults with diabetes: a cross-sectional study
    Damián Pereira-Payo, Carmen Galán-Arroyo, Jorge Pérez-Gómez, Marco Batista
    Psychology, Health & Medicine.2026; : 1.     CrossRef
  • A cross-sectional study on the effects of physical activity on hand grip strength in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
    Praveena Meyyazhagan, Thamaraiselvi Kanagaraj, Nachal Annamalai
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  • The Effect of Leisure-Time Exercise on Mental Health Among Adults: A Bibliometric Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
    Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Masilamani Elayaraja, Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman, Koulla Parpa, Borko Katanic, Urs Granacher
    Healthcare.2025; 13(5): 575.     CrossRef
  • Optimizing Physical Activity Strategies for Older Adults with Diabetes
    Hyeon-Jin Yu, Doyoun Hong, Kyuho Kim, Ji Hye Heo, Dong-Hyeok Cho, Yoshitaka Hashimoto, Jae-Seung Yun
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2025; 49(6): 1178.     CrossRef
  • Association of Physical Activity and Sleep Metrics with Depression in People with Type 1 Diabetes
    Abdullah Al-Ozairi, Mohammad Irshad, Husain Alsaraf, Jumana AlKandari, Ebaa Al-Ozairi, Stuart Gray
    Psychology Research and Behavior Management.2024; Volume 17: 2717.     CrossRef
  • The mediating role of depression on the link between physical activity and health-related quality of life among people with diabetes: A cross-sectional study
    Djoko Priyono, Sanghee Kim, Md. Feroz Kabir
    PLOS ONE.2024; 19(12): e0312774.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Depression on Health Behavior (Daily Smoking, Binge Drinking, Walking, Skipping Breakfast) among Korean Adults: Based on the KNHANES
    Su Yeon Jeong
    Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2024; 49(4): 325.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of comorbid depression and associated factors among hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Hunan, China
    Rehanguli Maimaitituerxun, Wenhang Chen, Jingsha Xiang, Atipatsa C. Kaminga, Xin Yin Wu, Letao Chen, Jianzhou Yang, Aizhong Liu, Wenjie Dai
    BMC Psychiatry.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Barriers & facilitators to physical activity in people with depression and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pakistan: A qualitative study to explore perspectives of patient participants, carers and healthcare staff
    Aatik Arsh, Saima Afaq, Claire Carswell, Karen Coales, Najma Siddiqi
    Mental Health and Physical Activity.2023; 25: 100542.     CrossRef
  • Moderating Effect of Grip Strength in the Association between Diabetes Mellitus and Depressive Symptomatology
    Diogo Veiga, Miguel Peralta, Élvio R. Gouveia, Laura Carvalho, Jorge Encantado, Pedro J. Teixeira, Adilson Marques
    Sports.2023; 12(1): 3.     CrossRef
  • Modeling the effects of physical activity, education, health, and subjective wealth on happiness based on Indonesian national survey data
    Bhina Patria
    BMC Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Triad of impairment in older people with diabetes-reciprocal relations and clinical implications
    A.H. Abdelhafiz, P.C. Davies, A.J. Sinclair
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2020; 161: 108065.     CrossRef
  • Association between exercise and health-related quality of life and medical resource use in elderly people with diabetes: a cross-sectional population-based study
    Chien-Cheng Huang, Chien-Chin Hsu, Chong-Chi Chiu, Hung-Jung Lin, Jhi-Joung Wang, Shih-Feng Weng
    BMC Geriatrics.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Challenges and Strategies for Diabetes Management in Community-Living Older Adults
    Alan J. Sinclair, Ahmed H. Abdelhafiz
    Diabetes Spectrum.2020; 33(3): 217.     CrossRef
  • 10,934 View
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Treatment with Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir (with or without Ribavirin) Improves Patient Reported Outcomes in Hepatitis C
Lucas Pereira Jorge de Medeiros, Mario Barreto Correa Lima, Marcia Maria Amêndola Pires, Alessandra Mendonça Almeida Maciel, Renata Barboza Vianna Medeiros, Mariana Dermínio Donadel, Isabela Martins Becattini Pereira, Fábio Marchon Leão, Luiz Eduardo Amorim Correa Lima Pires, Helio Rzetelna, Carlos Eduardo Brandão-Mello
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2018;9(2):50-58.
Published online April 30, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.2.03
<sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>To evaluate the impact of 3 treatment regimens upon health-related quality of life and work productivity using patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in chronic hepatitis C infected patients: sofosbuvir (SOF) + daclatasvir (DCV); SOF + DCV + ribavirin (RBV); SOF + simeprevir (SMV).</p></sec> <sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>4 questionnaires were used to evaluate PROs before, during and after treatment: Short Form-36 (SF-36), Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ) - hepatitis C virus (HCV), Work Productivity and Activity Index, Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F).</p></sec> <sec> <title>Results</title> <p>Of the global sample of 55 patients included in this study; SOF + DCV (<italic>n</italic> = 10); SOF + DCV + RBV (<italic>n</italic> = 29); SOF + SMV (<italic>n</italic> = 16) all had a statistically significant improvement in SF-36, CLDQ and FACIT-F scores during and post-treatment. No statistically significant differences in the PRO questionnaire values were observed between the distinct treatment regimens. The SOF and SMV patient groups presented higher mean PRO variations during and post-treatment, compared to the other groups: SF-36 functional capacity (16.1); SF-36 mental health (21.4); CLDQ activity (1.8); CLDQ emotional function (1.2); FACIT-F physical well-being (8.0); Total FACIT-F (21.6).</p></sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>Treatment with SOF + DCV, with or without RBV, results in an improved PRO similar to treatment with SOF + SMV in chronic hepatitis C patients.</p></sec>

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  • Health-related quality of life in people receiving opioid agonist treatment and treatment for hepatitis C virus infection
    Olav Dalgard, Alain H. Litwin, Oren Shibolet, Jason Grebely, Ronald Nahass, Frederick L. Altice, Brian Conway, Edward J. Gane, Anne F. Luetkemeyer, Cheng-Yuan Peng, David Iser, Isaias Noel Gendrano, Michelle M. Kelly, Barbara A. Haber, Heather Platt, Amy
    Journal of Addictive Diseases.2023; 41(3): 213.     CrossRef
  • Impact of sofosbuvir and daclastavir on health-related quality of life in patients co-infected with hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus
    Evy Yunihastuti, Fhadilla Amelia, Arini Ika Hapsari, Bramantya Wicaksana, Veritea Natali, Alvina Widhani, Andri Sanityoso Sulaiman, Teguh Harjono Karjadi
    Health and Quality of Life Outcomes.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Health-related quality of life and fatigue in patients with chronic hepatitis C with therapy with direct-acting antivirals agents interferon-free
    Raíssa Neves Fagundes, Lincoln Eduardo Villela Vieira de Castro Ferreira, Fábio Heleno de Lima Pace, Yury E. Khudyakov
    PLOS ONE.2020; 15(8): e0237005.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir-based pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral agents for chronic hepatitis C patients without genotype determination
    Juan Li, Dong-Bo Wu, Wei Jiang, Xue-Bin Chen, Gui-Bao Xiao, Yong-Hong Wang, Meng-Lan Wang, Ya-Chao Tao, En-Qiang Chen
    Medicine.2020; 99(43): e22726.     CrossRef
  • 9,544 View
  • 54 Download
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Perception and Practice of Road Safety among Medical Students, Mansoura, Egypt
Randah Helal, Ghada El-Khawaga, Abdel-Hady El-Gilany
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2018;9(1):25-31.
Published online December 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.1.05
<sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>To assess the knowledge and attitude of medical students towards road safety and to determine their driving behavior and its relation to different related factors.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>This cross-sectional study involved 480 medical students at Mansoura University, Egypt. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect student personal data, knowledge about road safety, attitude towards road safety, and driving practices.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Results</title> <p>More than 40% of students experienced an injury in the previous year, mainly as a pedestrian (56%), and 15.2% practiced driving, although only 9.6% had a driving licence. Most of the students had correct road safety knowledge except for awareness that the safe time to read maps is when your vehicle is parked (44%), one should drive in the left lane (29.6%), and one should overtake from the right-hand lane only (25.8%). The majority of the students reported that road traffic injuries can be prevented (89.2%). The mean score of the driving practices of the students ranged from 0.66±1.04 to 2.44±6.28 and rural residents showed significantly higher score regarding errors and lapses.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>Good road safety knowledge and a favorable, low risk attitude, did not translate into improved road traffic behavior and this highlights the importance of stricter implementation of the existing rules and including road safety in medical education programs.</p></sec>

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  • Road Safety Awareness, Knowledge, and Driving Practices Among College Student Drivers at Saint Mary’s University
    Jeddalinne Mendoza, Karylle Charmaine Miner, Aubrey Nicole Pacis, Precious Gem Tayaban, Joseph Vincent Galvez, Kyle Angelo Danao, John Carlo Armando, Michelle Pagaduan, Eloisa Barbieto, Mary Joy Mendoza
    Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Jour.2026; 55(8): 1036.     CrossRef
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    Nguyen Hoai Pham, Tú Anh Trinh, Ariane Cuenen, Davy Janssens, Geert Wets
    Journal of Transport & Health.2025; 44: 102129.     CrossRef
  • Interactive Social Media-Based Road Safety Education for University Students: Development and Validation
    Dina Lusiana Setyowati, Yuliani Setyaningsih, Chriswardani Suryawati, Daru Lestantyo, Robiana Modjo
    Journal of Road Safety.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Fariba Shahraki‐Sanavi, Seyed Mohammad Nasiraldin Tabatabaei
    Health Science Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Jinda Kongcharoen, Nutthajit Onmek, Seppo Karrila, Jariya Seksan
    Transactions on Transport Sciences.2022; 13(1): 17.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Educational Intervention on Road Safety Awareness and Practice among Medical Students in Chennai-A Cross-Sectional Study
    Swetha NB, Sujitha P, Ashni Bhandari
    National Journal of Community Medicine.2022; 12(10): 325.     CrossRef
  • Factors associated and knowledge on road traffic accidents, rules among private university students in Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu, India – A cross-sectional study
    G. Vijayakrishnan, P. Priyadharshini, Balaji Ramraj, V. V. Anantharaman
    Journal of Education and Health Promotion.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A STUDY ON BASIC KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES FOR ROAD TRAFFIC SAFETY MEASURES AMONG UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS OF UTTAR PRADESH
    SOM NATH, SANDEEP KUMAR, KAMRAN JAVED NAQUVI, MANJUSHA NATH
    Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Resea.2022; : 110.     CrossRef
  • A cross-sectional study to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices towards road traffic safety regulations among college going students of himalayan region, Uttarakhand, India
    Swati Sharma, Neha Sharma, Shaili Vyas, Jayanti Semwal
    Journal of Public Health and Primary Care.2020; 1(1): 30.     CrossRef
  • A study on awareness of road traffic accidents and their basic management among medical students of government medical college, Maharashtra, India
    Abhay Srivastava, Shruti Gaikwad, Pallavi Pagdal, Sudip Bhattacharya
    CHRISMED Journal of Health and Research.2019; 6(4): 216.     CrossRef
  • 9,459 View
  • 92 Download
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Associations between Social and Physical Environments, and Physical Activity in Adults from Urban and Rural Regions
Bongjeong Kim, Hye Sun Hyun
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2018;9(1):16-24.
Published online December 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.1.04
<sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>This study investigates investigated the relationship between social and physical environments, and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) amongst adults in both rural and urban areas within Korea.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>A sample of 128,735 adults from the 2013 Community Health Survey (CHS) was analyzed using a multilevel logistic analysis.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Results</title> <p>Urban residents with higher satisfaction in public transportation satisfaction and rural residents with more access to sports parks, hiking trails, and bike cycle paths were more likely to be active. The MVPA of adults from rural areas correlated urban adults was uncorrelatedwith neighborhood factors, but that of rural adults was whereas no correlations were observed in adults from urban areas.</p></sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>These differences should be considered when developing interventions strategies to enhance adult physical activity in different communities.</p></sec>

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  • Quality of life trajectories among frail older adults in Korea: the role of social network factors
    Yeonsoo Shin, Giyeon Kim
    Aging & Mental Health.2026; : 1.     CrossRef
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    Hyunjun Hwang, Angela J. Haddad, Chandra R. Bhat
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  • The Associations Between Physical Activity, Body Perception, and Self-Rated Health in Korean Adults: An Analysis of the 2023 Korean Community Health Survey
    Geun-Kook Kim, Su-Yeon Roh, Sung-Ho Hwang
    Medicina.2025; 61(11): 1898.     CrossRef
  • 우리나라 성인 중강도 이상 신체활동 실천율의 변화 양상과 관련 요인
    윤실 고, 도현 박, 효정 배, 윤미 황, 은경 김, 찬수 박
    Public Health Weekly Report.2025; 18(43): 1652.     CrossRef
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    Thitikorn Topothai, Chompoonut Topothai, Sarah Martine Edney, Shenglin Zheng, Zoey Tay, Viroj Tangcharoensathien, Falk Müller-Riemenschneider
    Journal of Physical Activity and Health.2025; : 1.     CrossRef
  • Built and natural environment correlates of physical activity of adults living in rural areas: a systematic review
    Christina Müller, Lisa Paulsen, Jens Bucksch, Birgit Wallmann-Sperlich
    International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and .2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Li He, Jinxu Zhao, Man Li, Zhiyong Song, Yanling Ma, Zhixiong Yang
    Frontiers in Psychiatry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Neighborhood Environmental Factors and Physical Activity Status among Rural Older Adults in Japan
    Kenta Okuyama, Takafumi Abe, Xinjun Li, Yuta Toyama, Kristina Sundquist, Toru Nabika
    International Journal of Environmental Research an.2021; 18(4): 1450.     CrossRef
  • Youth’s Physical Activity and Fitness from a Rural Environment of an Azores Island
    João Pedro Gouveia, Pedro Forte, Eduarda Coelho
    Social Sciences.2021; 10(3): 96.     CrossRef
  • The Changes in Obesity Prevalence and Dietary Habits in Korean Adults by Residential Area during the Last 10 Years — Based on the 4th (2007–2009) and the 7th (2016–2018) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data
    Da-Mee Kim, Kyung-Hee Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2021; 26(1): 37.     CrossRef
  • Regional Disparity in Adult Obesity Prevalence, and Its Determinants
    Bongjeong Kim
    Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2021; 46(4): 410.     CrossRef
  • Factors Affecting Activity Limitation in the Elderly: Data Processed from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2016
    Jong-Hoon Moon
    Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2019; 10(3): 117.     CrossRef
  • Corrigendum to “Associations between Social and Physical Environments, and Physical Activity in Adults from Urban and Rural Regions”[Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2018;9(1):16–24]
    Bongjeong Kim, Hye Sun Hyun
    Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2018; 9(5): 283.     CrossRef
  • 9,566 View
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Epidemiological Study on Candida Species in Patients with Cancer in the Intensive Care Unit
Young-ju Choi, Byeongyeo Lee, Sun-A Park
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2017;8(6):384-388.
Published online December 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.6.05
<sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Although cancer survival rates have increased, serious infection complications can arise in cancer patients. <italic>Candida</italic> can occur in various tissues and has significant effects on the prognosis of patients with cancer. Thus, we conducted an epidemiological study on <italic>Candida</italic> infections in patients with cancer admitted to the intensive care unit.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A retrospective study was conducted in adult patients with cancer admitted to the intensive care unit between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2015. <italic>Candida</italic> infection status and predictive factors for mortality were examined in 634 patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The predictive factors for mortality included the use of steroids, use of a central venous catheter or mechanical ventilator, and identification of <italic>Candida</italic> in the blood. Patients who stayed in the surgical and intensive care unit for more than 7 days had a lower risk of death than that in those with shorter days.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>The present study shows that invasive procedures, bloodstream infections, and the use of steroids increase the risk of mortality in <italic>Candida</italic>-infected patients with cancer. To improve the quality of life and reduce mortality, further studies are needed on the factors affecting the risk of mortality associated with <italic>Candida</italic> infection.</p></sec>

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  • Ionic Liquids with Anti-Candida and Anticancer Dual Activity as Potential N-Myristoyltransferase Inhibitors
    Larysa Metelytsia, Maria Trush, Ivan Semenyuta, Sergiy Rogalsky, Oleksandr Kobzar, Larisa Kalashnikova, Volodymyr Blagodatny, Diana Hodyna
    Current Bioactive Compounds.2020; 16(7): 1036.     CrossRef
  • 7,140 View
  • 40 Download
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<sec><title>Objectives</title><p>This study aimed to analyze changes in hematologic parameters in the residents of the areas highly contaminated by the Hebei Spirit Oil Spill in 2007 and those who participated in the clean-up activities.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>According to demographic characteristics, health status and behavior, and level of exposure to oil, we compared the hematologic results in 2009 and 2012 among 701 residents. The hematologic parameters were composed of white blood cell (WBC) count, and levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit (Hct), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), total cholesterol (T-chol), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglyceride (TG).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Paired <italic>t</italic>-test revealed that the WBC count and levels of Hct, AST, ALT, glucose, and HbA1c significantly increased, whereas the BUN, Cr, HDL, and TG levels significantly decreased. Multiple linear regression modelling showed a relationship between the level of exposure to oil and temporal changes in Hct, glucose, HbA1c, and BUN levels.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Our results suggest a relationship between level of exposure to oil and changes in hematologic parameters over 3 years. Further studies should be conducted to determine the impact of oil spill on health such as the occurrence of diseases.</p></sec>

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Comparative Analysis of the Trends in Medical Utilization of Cancer Inpatients in Korea
Hyun-Ju Lee, Sung-Soo Kim
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2017;8(5):342-350.
Published online October 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.5.08
<sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Cancer has attracted worldwide attention. The incidence and prevalence are increasing, and it is the main cause of death. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of hospitalized cancer patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>This study is a secondary data study using the Korean National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey Data conducted annually by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Using these data, we extracted inpatients who principal diagnosis is cancer for nine years from 2005 to 2013.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>According to the analysis, the annual trend of cancer inpatients is steadily increasing. In 2025, it is expected to increase to about 670,000 inpatients. A cancer diagnosis created a change in medical utilization depending on the characteristics of patients and hospital. Men are more at risk of cancer than women. The number of hospital beds and hospital days were inversely proportional to cancer inpatients. There was also a difference in the equity of medical utilization by region. Other cancer management policies should be based on sex.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Populations between the ages of 45 and 64 years should be a priority in cancer policy. Because of the long-term hospitalization of patients with death as the outcome, a terminal cancer patient care facility is needed. These conclusions can provide a basis for various health policies.</p></sec>

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  • Health-related quality of life by veterans RAND 12 and healthcare resource utilization in cancer patients with sleep disorders: insights from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey
    Yuan Kao, Ying-Jia Lin, Shih-Feng Weng, Jhi-Joung Wang, I-Chen Lee, Chien-Cheng Huang
    Supportive Care in Cancer.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Body-related Perspectives and Weight Control Methods of Korean-Chinese Nursing School Students in Yanbian, China: A Pilot Study
Jounghee Lee, Meixiang Jin, Heejung Son, Wenying Cui
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2017;8(4):275-281.
Published online August 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.4.08
<sec><title>Objectives</title><p>This study aimed at identifying the current nutrition knowledge, body-related perspectives, and weight control behaviors of Korean-Chinese college students.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>We conducted a pilot study by employing a healthy weight education program targeting Korean-Chinese nursing school students at the Yanbian University of Science and Technology in Yanbian, China.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>This pilot study included 40 participants (38 women and 2 men; mean age, 20.5 years). The current weight status of the participants was as follows: 7.9% underweight, 78.9% normal weight, 7.9% overweight, and 5.3% obese. However, nearly two-thirds of the participants were dissatisfied with their current body size (43.6% a little dissatisfied; 20.5% very dissatisfied). Fifty percent of the participants perceived their current body size as being either slightly fat (35.0%) or very fat (15.0%). The following unhealthy weight control methods were commonly used among the 24 participants who practiced weight control: (1) laxatives or diuretics (91.7%), (2) saunas or spas (87.5%), and (3) a one-food diet (79.2%). In addition, the nutrition knowledge of the participants increased by 24 points from 117 points (pretest) to 141 points (posttest) through the healthy weight education program.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>The findings of this study indicate an urgent need to educate Korean-Chinese college students on healthy weight control methods and body-related perspectives.</p></sec>

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  • Predictors of Weight-Control Behavior in Healthy Weight and Overweight Korean Middle-Aged Women
    Ae-Kyung Chang, Sun-Hui Kim
    International Journal of Environmental Research an.2022; 19(12): 7546.     CrossRef
  • Epidemiology of health risk behavior among university students
    Tomires Campos Lopes, Gabriel Gastélum-Cuadras, Artur Luís Bessa de Oliveira, Gabriel El-Corab Esteves, Andréa Carmen Guimarães, João Rafael Valentim-Silva, Estélio Henrique Martin Dantas
    REVISTA CIÊNCIAS EM SAÚDE.2021; 11(2): 73.     CrossRef
  • Is undergraduate nursing education sufficient for patient’s nutrition care in today’s pandemics? Assessing the nutrition knowledge of nursing students: An integrative review
    Bobbi B. Laing, Jennifer Crowley
    Nurse Education in Practice.2021; 54: 103137.     CrossRef
  • 8,231 View
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Short Communication

What Makes Vietnamese (Not) Attend Periodic General Health Examinations? A 2016 Cross-sectional Study
Quan-Hoang Vuong, Quang-Hoi Vu, Thu-Trang Vuong
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2017;8(2):147-154.
Published online April 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.2.07
<sec><title>Objectives</title><p>General health examinations (GHE) have become an increasingly common measure for preventive medicine in Vietnam. However, little is known about the factors among Viet-namese people who attend or miss GHE. Budget or time constraints remain to be evaluated for better-informed policy making. This study investigates factors affecting behaviors in attending periodic GHE. The main objectives are as follows: (1) to explore empirical relationships between influencing factors and periodic GHE frequencies, and (2) to predict the probabilities of attending GHE under associated conditions.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>The study used a 2,068-observational dataset, obtained from a Vietnamese survey in 2016. The analysis was then performed using the methods of baseline-category logits for establishing relationships between predictor and response variables.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Significant relationships were found among the expenditure and time consumption, health priority and sensitivity to health data, insurance status, and frequency of GHE, with most <italic>p</italic>-values = 0.01.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Generally, people attended the GHE when they had the resources and health priorities (72.7% probability). Expenditure and time remain key obstacles to the periodic GHE. Health priority and health data are important in improving rates for GHEs. Health insurance should play a positive role in promoting the GHE.</p></sec>

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    Christina E. Miyawaki, Joshua M. Garcia, Kim N. Nguyen, Van Ta Park, Kyriakos S. Markides
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    Quan-Hoang Vuong, Kien-Cuong P. Nghiem, Viet-Phuong La, Thu-Trang Vuong, Hong-Kong T. Nguyen, Manh-Toan Ho, Kien Tran, Thu-Hong Khuat, Manh-Tung Ho
    Sustainability.2019; 11(2): 514.     CrossRef
  • Health Care Payments in Vietnam: Patients’ Quagmire of Caring for Health versus Economic Destitution
    Andre Pekerti, Quan-Hoang Vuong, Tung Ho, Thu-Trang Vuong
    International Journal of Environmental Research an.2017; 14(10): 1118.     CrossRef
  • Psychological and Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Social Sustainability through Impacts on Perceived Health Care Quality and Public Health: The Case of Vietnam
    Quan-Hoang Vuong, Thu-Trang Vuong, Tung Ho, Ha Nguyen
    Sustainability.2017; 9(8): 1456.     CrossRef
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Original Articles
Analysis of Hospital Volume and Factors Influencing Economic Outcomes in Cancer Surgery: Results from a Population-based Study in Korea
Jung-A Lee, So-Young Kim, Keeho Park, Eun-Cheol Park, Jong-Hyock Park
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2017;8(1):34-46.
Published online February 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.1.05
<sec><title>Objectives</title><p>To evaluate associations between hospital volume, costs, and length of stay (LOS), and clinical and demographic outcome factors for five types of cancer resection. The main dependent variables were cost and LOS; the primary independent variable was volume.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Data were obtained from claims submitted to the Korean National Health Insurance scheme. We identified patients who underwent the following surgical procedures: pneumonectomy, colectomy, mastectomy, cystectomy, and esophagectomy. Hospital volumes were divided into quartiles.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Independent predictors of high costs and long LOS included old age, low health insurance contribution, non-metropolitan residents, emergency admission, Charlson score > 2, public hospital ownership, and teaching hospitals. After adjusting for relevant factors, there was an inverse relationship between volume and costs/LOS. The highest volume hospitals had the lowest procedure costs and LOS. However, this was not observed for cystectomy.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Our findings suggest an association between patient and clinical factors and greater costs and LOS per surgical oncologic procedure, with the exception of cystectomy. Yet, there were no clear associations between hospitals’ cost of care and risk-adjusted mortality.</p></sec>

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    Marie T Grönroos-Korhonen, Laura E Koskenvuo, Panu J Mentula, Taina P Nykänen, Selja K Koskensalo, Ari K Leppäniemi, Ville J Sallinen
    BJS Open.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Volume-outcome relationships in laryngeal trauma processes of care: a retrospective cohort study
    David Forner, Christopher W. Noel, Matthew P. Guttman, Barbara Haas, Danny Enepekides, Matthew H. Rigby, S. Mark Taylor, Avery B. Nathens, Antoine Eskander
    European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery.2022; 48(5): 4131.     CrossRef
  • Association between Stroke Quality Assessments and Mortality within 30 Days among Patients Who Underwent Hemorrhagic Stroke Surgeries in South Korea
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Objectives
This study investigated the status of sexual identity, perceived stigma, stress, depression, and suicidal ideation and attempts. It also examined how sexual identity and “coming out” affect stress, depression, and suicidal ideation and attempts.
Methods
Suicidal ideation, psychological health status, and health-related behaviors were assessed using the Internet to maximize the confidentiality of the participants, men who have sex with men (MSM). The data were collected from a total of 873 MSM aged between 19 years and 59 years in 2014.
Results
Only 20.9% of the MSM had come out (18.0% voluntarily and 2.9% by others). The prevalences of perceived stress and depression among MSM were 46.7% and 42.7%, respectively, compared with 20.1% and 7.4% among general men. Approximately 32% of the MSM reported any suicidal ideation, and 3.3% had attempted suicide in the past year. The likelihood of suicidal ideation was significantly associated with being age 30–39 years [odds ratio (OR) = 1.8], high school or less (OR = 1.6), having been outed (OR = 5.2), feeling stressed (OR = 1.8), and feeling depressed (OR = 12.4) after sociodemographic factors and other perceptions were controlled for.
Conclusion
The present study provides evidence that MSM are at an elevated risk for suicidal ideation and attempts with high stress and depression. Some risk factors were specific to being gay or bisexual in a hostile environment.

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  • Sexual orientation, coming out and suicidal ideation in young French LGBP people
    Paul Martins, Baptiste Lignier, Thibault Chiarabini, Bénédicte Gohier, Catherine Potard
    L'Encéphale.2026; 52(2): 181.     CrossRef
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    Di Cotofan Wu
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  • Individualistic and Collectivistic Self-Esteem as Cultural Psychological Processes: Linking Cyberbullying Victimization, Internalized Homophobia, and Hopelessness
    Yeon Jae Hwang
    Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Exploring Socio-Political Factors and Quality of Life Among LGBT Individuals in India
    Archana Bhattacharyya, Koteshwar Ramesh Rakesh
    Journal of Homosexuality.2025; 72(13): 2702.     CrossRef
  • Building Trust and Inclusivity: Navigating Layered Stigma and Risk Communication for LGBTQ+ Individuals During COVID‐19 Outbreaks
    JungKyu Rhys Lim, Hyoyeun Jun, Victoria Ledford
    Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Mental health of sexual and gender minorities and its association with outings in Japan: A web‐based cross‐sectional study
    Yusuke Kanakubo, Yoshifumi Sugiyama, Eriko Yoshida, Takuya Aoki, Rieko Mutai, Takahiro Tabuchi, Masato Matsushima
    Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences.2025; 79(9): 572.     CrossRef
  • Stress of being outed to parents, LGBTQ family support, and depressive symptoms among sexual and gender diverse youth
    Peter S. McCauley, Alexander J. Del Farno, Antonia E. Caba, Benton M. Renley, Shaylynne Shuler, Lisa A. Eaton, Ryan J. Watson
    Journal of Research on Adolescence.2024; 34(1): 205.     CrossRef
  • High Interest in the Use of mHealth Platform for HIV Prevention among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Nepal
    Kamal Gautam, Kiran Paudel, Ali Ahmed, Manisha Dhakal, Jeffrey A Wickersham, Krishna C Poudel, Sherry Pagoto, Bibhav Acharya, Keshab Deuba, Pablo K Valente, Roman Shrestha
    Journal of Community Health.2024; 49(4): 575.     CrossRef
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    Heesung So, Ssirai Kim, Sun Young Lee
    The Ewha Medical Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Brian A. Feinstein, Ethan H. Mereish, Mary Rose Mamey, Cindy J. Chang, Jeremy T. Goldbach
    Archives of Suicide Research.2023; 27(2): 734.     CrossRef
  • Psychological Status of Men Who Have Sex with Men during COVID-19: An Online Cross-Sectional Study in Western China
    Bing Lin, Jiaxiu Liu, Wei He, Haiying Pan, Xiaoni Zhong
    International Journal of Environmental Research an.2023; 20(2): 1333.     CrossRef
  • Social capital, perceived stress, and mental health of men who have sex with men in China: A cross-sectional study
    Xiaoyue Zhang, Ying Zhou, Kaili Zhang
    Frontiers in Psychology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • HIV-related stigma, depression and suicidal ideation among HIV-positive MSM in China: a moderated mediation model
    Jiaqi Fu, Xu Chen, Zhenwei Dai, Yiman Huang, Weijun Xiao, Hao Wang, Mingyu Si, Yijin Wu, Ling Zhang, Shu Jing, Xin Liu, Fei Yu, Guodong Mi, Xiao-You Su
    BMC Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Aeree Sohn
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  • HIV-Related Stigma, Sexual Identity, and Depressive Symptoms Among MSM Living With HIV in China: A Moderated Mediation Modeling Analysis
    Tianyue Mi, Guanghua Lan, Xueying Yang, Xiaoming Li, Shan Qiao, Zhiyong Shen, Yuejiao Zhou
    American Journal of Men's Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Henna Budhwani, Kristine R. Hearld, Adrienne N. Milner, Rebecca Charow, Elaine M. McGlaughlin, Mayra Rodriguez‐Lauzurique, Santo Rosario, Robert Paulino‐Ramirez
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    Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
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High Tobacco Use among Presumptive Tuberculosis Patients, South India: Time to Integrate Control of Two Epidemics
Kunal Pradip Kanakia, Marie Gilbert Majella, Pruthu Thekkur, Gomathi Ramaswamy, Divya Nair, Palanivel Chinnakali
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2016;7(4):228-232.
Published online August 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.06.001
Objectives
Tobacco is an important risk factor for tuberculosis (TB) infection and TB disease. Identifying tobacco users and providing tobacco cessation services is expected to reduce the burden of TB. We assessed tobacco use among presumptive TB patients attending a tertiary hospital and their willingness to attend tobacco cessation services.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among presumptive TB patients attending a designated microscopy center of a tertiary hospital in South India. All presumptive TB patients aged ≥ 18 years attending the designated microscopy center were interviewed using a semistructured interview schedule. Data on presumptive TB patient's age, sex, tobacco use and forms of tobacco, attempts to quit tobacco since 1 year, and willingness to attend a smoking cessation clinic in tertiary hospital were captured. History of use of tobacco in the past 1 month was considered as “tobacco use.”.
Results
A total of 424 presumptive TB patients aged ≥ 18 years were interviewed. Tobacco use in the past 1 month was reported by 176 (41.5%, 95% confidence interval: 36.9–46.3%) presumptive TB patients. In total, 78 (18%) presumptive TB patients were eventually diagnosed with smear-positive pulmonary TB, of them 63 (80%) were tobacco users. Presumptive TB patients aged ≥ 30 years, male sex, and < 10 years of education were significantly associated with tobacco use. Of 176, a majority of 132 (75%) used some form of smoking. Of a total of 132 smokers, 70 (53%) were willing to avail of tobacco cessation services.
Conclusion
Tobacco use among presumptive TB patients was high. Considering the high willingness to quit among smokers, proven brief interventions to help quit smoking can be tried.

Citations

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  • Effect of tobacco use and nicotine dependence on the quality of sleep among tuberculosis patients: A cross-sectional study
    Tukaram Kendre, Rajat Mishra, Priyanka Guha, Gulshan Singh Rana, Krishna Pandey, Sameer Dhingra
    Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health.2025; 31: 101870.     CrossRef
  • Tobacco Troubles: Unraveling Tobacco's role in TB positivity among presumptive patients attending a taluka hospital in Karnataka, India
    Ankeeta Menona Jacob, Jeni Jacob, Avinash K. Shetty
    Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health.2025; 34: 102059.     CrossRef
  • Use of smokeless tobacco by patients with drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis: The need for strengthening tuberculosis–tobacco collaborative in India
    ANTARA BANIK, MIHIR P. RUPANI, ATULKUMAR V. TRIVEDI, JIGNA D. DAVE
    The National Medical Journal of India.2025; 38: 138.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of tobacco consumption among pulmonary tuberculosis patients and its correlation with tuberculosis incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis in the Indian context
    Aninda Debnath, Ravindra Nath, Anubhav Mondal, Pankaj Chandrabhan Nathe, Jugal Kishore, Pranav Ish, Vidushi Rathi, Jagdish Kaur
    Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Smoking cessation interventions in South Asian Region: a systematic scoping review
    Sajid Iqbal, Rubina Barolia, Pammla Petrucka, Laila Ladak, Rameesha Rehmani, Abdul Kabir
    BMC Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Influence of the systemic inflammatory response on the state of homeostasis of the body and its reactivity in patients with respiratory tuberculosis against the «background» of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    O. N. Brazhenko, A. V. Katicheva
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    Rakesh Kumar, Shashi Kant, Ankit Chandra, Anand Krishnan
    Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.2020; 9(6): 2860.     CrossRef
  • A narrative review of facilitators and barriers to smoking cessation and tobacco-dependence treatment in patients with tuberculosis in low- and middle-income countries
    Kamila Zvolska, Alexandra Pankova, Iveta Nohavova, Rumana Huque, Helen Elsey, Melanie Boeckmann, Aziz Sheikh, Kamran Siddiqi, Eva Kralikova
    Tobacco Induced Diseases.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effective Counseling: A Major Challenge of Tuberculosis Control Programme in Tackling the Dual Disease Burden of Tobacco Consumption among Tuberculosis Patients in India
    Bidhata Khatri, K.K. Shyamala, Nehal LNU, Supriya Tiwari
    Indian Journal of Respiratory Care.2020; 9(1): 77.     CrossRef
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    Sumal Nandasena, Chaminda Senavirathna, Champa Munasinghe, Chapa Wijesena, Ridmi Sucharitharathna
    Indian Journal of Tuberculosis.2019; 66(1): 76.     CrossRef
  • Tuberculosis and cigarette smoke exposure: An update ofin vitroandin vivostudies
    Y. López-Hernández, C. E. Rivas-Santiago, J. A. López, G. Mendoza-Almanza, R. Hernandez-Pando
    Experimental Lung Research.2018; 44(2): 113.     CrossRef
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Development of a Food Safety and Nutrition Education Program for Adolescents by Applying Social Cognitive Theory
Jounghee Lee, Soyeon Jeong, Gyeongah Ko, Hyunshin Park, Youngsook Ko
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2016;7(4):248-260.
Published online August 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.05.005
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to develop an educational model regarding food safety and nutrition. In particular, we aimed to develop educational materials, such as middle- and high-school textbooks, a teacher’s guidebook, and school posters, by applying social cognitive theory.
Methods
To develop a food safety and nutrition education program, we took into account diverse factors influencing an individual’s behavior, such as personal, behavioral, and environmental factors, based on social cognitive theory. We also conducted a pilot study of the educational materials targeting middle-school students (<i>n</i> = 26), high-school students (<i>n</i> = 24), and dietitians (<i>n</i> = 13) regarding comprehension level, content, design, and quality by employing the 5-point Likert scale in May 2016.
Results
The food safety and nutrition education program covered six themes: (1) caffeine; (2) food additives; (3) foodborne illness; (4) nutrition and meal planning; (5) obesity and eating disorders; and (6) nutrition labeling. Each class activity was created to improve self-efficacy by setting one’s own goal and to increase self-control by monitoring one’s dietary intake. We also considered environmental factors by creating school posters and leaflets to educate teachers and parents. The overall evaluation score for the textbook was 4.0 points among middle- and high-school students, and 4.5 points among dietitians.
Conclusion
This study provides a useful program model that could serve as a guide to develop educational materials for nutrition-related subjects in the curriculum. This program model was created to increase awareness of nutrition problems and self-efficacy. This program also helped to improve nutrition management skills and to promote a healthy eating environment in middle- and high-school students.

Citations

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Does Skipping Breakfast and Being Overweight Influence Academic Achievement Among Korean Adolescents?
Yang Wha Kang, Jong-Hyock Park
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2016;7(4):220-227.
Published online August 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.05.004
Objectives
Health status and health behaviors are associated with academic achievement in children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether skipping breakfast and being overweight are related to academic achievement of Korean adolescents.
Methods
Cross-sectional data on a sample of 1,652 high-school seniors (942 males and 710 females) drawn from the 2004 Korea Education Employment Panel were analyzed.
Results
A higher proportion of males (15.3%) than females (6.1%) was overweight (<i>p</i> < 0.001); 37% of males and 41% of females reported skipping breakfast. Overall test scores were significantly higher for females than males (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and in language and foreign language subjects. However, both males and females who reported skipping breakfast had significantly lower scores in language, mathematics, and foreign language than those who did not report skipping breakfast. Overweight males had a lower probability than normal-weight males of having the highest language scores (OR = 0.52, <i>p</i> < 0.05), but there was no difference among females. Females who skipped breakfast had a lower probability of having the highest scores in language (OR = 0.41, <i>p</i> < 0.05), mathematics (OR = 0.24, <i>p</i> < 0.01), or foreign language (OR = 0.18, <i>p</i> < 0.01), while males had a lower probability of having the highest scores in language only (OR = 0.46, <i>p</i> < 0.05).
Conclusion
Skipping breakfast and being overweight are associated with poor academic achievement in Korean adolescents. Eating breakfast and weight control is being discussed as the overlooked factors that may influence better academic achievement.

Citations

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    Suchithra Rajendran, S Chamundeswari, Akhouri Amitanand Sinha
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    Suchithra Rajendran, Akhouri Sinha, Chamundeswari Rajendran
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Timing of Spermarche and Menarche are Associated with Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Among Korean Adolescents
Eun-Young Lee, Roman Pabayo, Ichiro Kawachi
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2016;7(4):266-272.
Published online August 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.04.010
Objectives
This study examined the timing of menarche and spermarche and their associations with physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) after controlling for body mass index (BMI).
Methods
Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine whether the timing of menarche in girls and spermarche in boys is associated with PA and SB independent of BMI in a nationally representative sample of Korean adolescents (13–18 years; <i>N</i> = 74,186).
Results
After controlling for age, family economic status, and BMI, early timing of spermarche among boys was associated with a higher likelihood of engaging in PA and a lower likelihood of engaging in SB for < 2 hours during weekdays. By contrast, boys with late timing of spermarche were less likely to engage in PA and more likely to engage in SB for < 2 hours. Among girls, early or late timing of menarche was associated with a higher likelihood of engaging in PA and a lower likelihood of engaging in SB.
Conclusion
Timing of menarche in girls and spermarche in boys could be a marker for PA and SB among Korean adolescents. To promote PA and discourage SB among Korean adolescents, school-based, grade-specific interventions can be tailored by the absence or presence of menarche/spermarche.

Citations

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  • Secular Trends in the Median Age at Menarche and Spermarche Among Chinese Children From 2000 to 2019 and Analysis of Physical Examination Indicators Factor
    Jiajia Hu, Wenhao Han, Meng Zhou, Yixiao Geng, Junna Zhang, Fanke Zhou, Wencan Wu, Xiaolei Ban, Xiaomin Lou, Xian Wang
    American Journal of Human Biology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Jordan A. Chad
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    Jaeyoung Lee
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    Silvia P. Canelón, Mary Regina Boland
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    Sarah A. Moore, Sean P. Cumming, Geremia Balletta, Katelynn Ramage, Joey C. Eisenmann, Adam D. G. Baxter-Jones, Stefan A. Jackowski, Lauren B. Sherar
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Comparing Performance Indicators of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ward at Yazd Educational Hospitals with Expected Limits of Indicators, 2015
Roohollah Askari, Milad Shafii, Najmeh Baghian
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2016;7(3):197-204.
Published online June 30, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.04.008
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance indicators for obstetrics and gynecology wards in Iran.
Methods
This study was designed as a cross-sectional study and was carried out in obstetrics and gynecology wards of Afshar and Shahid Sadoughi hospitals in 2015. The information required for the performance indicators was gathered through questionnaires, statistical forms, and direct observation. In several tables, performance rating and performance status are presented using the Likert scale index based on the expected limits.
Results
According to the results of the categories of input indicators, the bed occupancy rate of Afshar Hospital’s obstetrics and gynecology ward was, at 83%, higher than expected (79%), and that in Shahid Sadoughi Hospital (at 69%) was lower than expected. For medicinal methods and nonmedicinal methods of pain alleviation, the index process at Afshar Hospital was much lower than expected (40%). In Afshar Hospital, patient satisfaction at discharge was about 66.74%.
Conclusion
Effective steps can be taken to improve the input and output criteria: allocating appropriate physical space, examining the reasons for low bed occupancy rate by using complex analytical models, and in order to study the reasons for large number of cesarean section childbirth, it was recommended to place more emphasis on training of pregnant mothers and to inform them about the side effects of cesarean section and advantages of natural childbirth.
  • 4,993 View
  • 25 Download
Association between Pollen Risk Indexes, Air Pollutants, and Allergic Diseases in Korea
Hoseob Kim, Yoonhyung Park, Kwanjun Park, Byoungin Yoo
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2016;7(3):172-179.
Published online June 30, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.04.003
Objectives
This study, different from the past researches, has been conducted in all age groups to understand the association between air pollutants, pollen risk indexes, and outpatients with allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, and atopic dermatitis (AD).
Methods
Data on air pollutants, pollen risk indexes, and outpatients with each disease were collected from 2003 through 2011 to verify the association between them. All data are time-series materials that have been observed by time (day) and region, and are in a nonlinear shape. In particular, the total number of outpatients per day is a count data that had a Poisson distribution as the response variable. SAS 9.3 was used to make a statistical model, generalized additive model, with lag effects for the analysis.
Results
For allergic diseases during spring (April–May) and fall (September-October), a significant association was shown between the variables of air pollutants, pollens, and the number of outpatients. Especially, the estimates of NO<sub>2</sub> [AR (43.00967 ± 0.11284), asthma (52.01837 ± 0.06452), AD (52.01837 ± 0.06452), <i>p</i> < 0.001] in spring and SO<sub>2</sub> [AR (43.00967 ± 0.11284), asthma (52.01837 ± 0.06452), AD (52.01837 ± 0.06452), <i>p</i> < 0.001] in fall were highly significant and showed a positive association with all diseases.
Conclusion
Domestically and even internationally, various studies on the allergic diseases are being conducted. However, not many studies related to similar studies. In the need of creating grounds to back up these efforts, additional studies on allergic diseases, as well as researches utilizing pollen data, air pollution data, and claims data provided by the Health Insurance Corporation that has no problem in the representativeness of the data that have close relationships to the allergic disease will be needed.

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